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COPYRIGHT DEPOSH1 




"LEVIATHAN" IN BREST HARBOR 



THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY 
OF A REGIMENT 

A HISTORY OF THE 

304th FIELD ARTILLERY 
IN THE WORLD WAR 



BY 

JAMES M. HOWARD 

Captain, Regimental Chaplain 



ILLUSTRATED BY 

MR. PERRY NEWBERRY 

LIEUT. ROGER McE. SMITH 

CPL. MICHAEL LEMMERMEYER 

PRIVATES ARCHIE ANDERSON 

FRED DALRYMPLE 

REVARD GRAHAM 

E. H. REIMS, Jr. 

W. H. TRUESDELL 

CAPT. HARRY KEMPNER 



NEW YORK 
1920 






Copyright, 1920, by 
JAMES M. HOWARD 



MAR 30 1920 



©CU565382 






TO 

THOSE MEN OF THE 304th FIELD ARTILLERY 

WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES IN BATTLE 

FOR THE CAUSE OF LIBERTY AMONG THE PEOPLES OF THE EARTH 

THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED 

IN THE NAME OF THE REGIMENT IN WHOSE RANKS THEY SERVED 

WITH PERFECT LOYALTY AND UTTER DEVOTION 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE 

1917 

Officers commissioned Aug. 15 

Officers reported to Camp Upton Sept. 2 

Regiment organized Sept. 5 

Arrival of first increment of first draft (N. Y. C.) .... Sept. 9 

Arrival of second draft (N. Y. C.) Oct. 10-12 

Arrival of third draft (" Up State ") Dec. 10-12 

1918 

Col. Briggs took command of reg't April I 

Departure of Infantry of 77th Div April 12 

Replacements arrived (Iowa and Minn.) April 18 

Dedication of the colors April 18 

Departure from Camp Upton April 22 

Sailed on Leviathan from Hoboken April 24 

Arrived at Brest May 2 

Trip to Bordeaux and Camp de Souge May 7-10 

Training at Camp de Souge May 10-July 1 

First day on range with guns May 27 

First road march June 27 

Parade in Bordeaux July 4 

Entrained at Bonneau for front July 9-1 1 

Arrived at Baccarat July 12-14 

First battery in position ( Btry D) July 12 

First shot fired by reg't (Btry D) July 14 

Left Lorraine front Aug. 1st 

Entrained at Einvaux for Vesle front Aug. 6 

Detrained at La Ferte Gaucher Aug. 7 

Hike to Vesle front Aug. 10-12 

First battery in position (Btry B) Aug. 13 

First casualties (Btry B) . ., Aug. 19 

Group of officers transf . for duty in U. S. A Aug. 23 

Col. Briggs commissioned Brig. Gen Aug. 25 

Lt.-Col. McCleave assigned Sept. 2 

Advance to St. Thibault, Vesle River Sept. 4 

V 



Advance across Vesle to Vauxcere Sept. 5 

Gen. Briggs left regiment, Col. McCleave in command . . Sept. 10 

77th Division relieved by Italians Sept. I4 _I 5 

March to the Argonne Sept. 15-24 

Opening of Argonne drive Sept. 26 

Fight through Argonne Forest Sept. 26-Oct. 16 

77th Division relieved by 78th . . . Oct. 16-17 

Division in reserve, reg't at Four de Paris Oct. I7 _2 S 

Division in position for new drive, 304th guns near 

Fleville Oct. 26 

Opening of Argonne-Meuse drive Nov. 1 

1st Bn. demobilized at Verpel Nov. 3 

2nd Bn. reached final positions at Meuse River Nov. 6 

Armistice signed .Nov. II 

77th Div. relieved by French Nov. 12 

304th in billets at Sommauthe Nov. 12-23 

2nd Bn. back in position at front Nov. 14-19 

Col. Enos took command Nov. 20 

304th at Briquenay .' Nov. 23-Dec. 2 

Entrained at Autry for 9th Training Area Dec. 2 

Arrived at Aubepierre and Lignerolles Dec. 3 

1919 

In billets in Aubepierre and Lignerolles until Feb. 8 

Trip from Latrecy to LeMans Area Feb. 8-1 1 

Billeted in Ferce, Pirmil and LaSuze Feb. 11-Apr. 17 

Entrained at LaSuze for Brest April 17 

Arrived Brest April 18 

Embarked on U. S. S. Agamemnon April 20 

Sailed from Brest harbor April 21 

Arrived New York (Hoboken pier) April 29 

Reached Camp Mills, L. I April 29 

Parade in New York May 6 

Regiment disbanded May 10 



FOREWORD 

In the summer and fall of the year 1917 a group of men who 
had been called into the service of their country were put to- 
gether, by the hazard of military life, to form a regiment known 
as the 304th Field Artillery. Two of them were officers from 
the Regular Army. Not a few had seen service on the Mex- 
ican Border with the National Guard. A great majority were 
essentially civilians who had become soldiers simply in answer 
to the call of duty in a time of national need. Most of them 
were from New York City. They came from every conceiv- 
able walk of life. Some entered the service as commissioned 
officers, and some as enlisted men. 

During the winter and spring which followed, other men 
joined the group, some from New York State and a good 
many from Iowa, Minnesota and various parts of the country. 

Together they trained as soldiers, first in Camp Upton, Long 
Island, and later in Camp de Souge, near Bordeaux, France. 
Together they served at the front, in the quiet Lorraine sec- 
tor, on the Vesle and the Aisne Rivers, and finally in the great 
Argonne-Meuse offensive which ended the war. There de- 
veloped among them a spirit of comradeship which surpassed 
anything they had known before. Whether or not they liked 
army life, these men learned to love their regiment. 

This book is intended simply as a record of the experiences 
which they shared during their twenty months of service to- 
gether. It does not purport to be in any way a history of the 
Great War. Its purpose is to preserve in concrete form for the 
men themselves and for their friends the story of their experi- 
ences. 

Parts of the narrative, especially in the first two chapters, 
will doubtless be dry reading for an outsider. If the reader 

vii 



will remember that the details of those early days are recorded 
for the benefit of the men who lived through them, and will 
pass on to the later chapters, he will find there the story of ac- 
tual war as it was fought by a regiment of soldiers who were 
second to none in the American armies. 

The author desires to express his profound admiration of 
the officers and men with whom it was his privilege to serve, 
and his appreciation of their fellowship, without which the 
story could never have been written. In the preparation of the 
book itself, the help of certain individuals has been invaluable : 

Colonel Copely Enos, who commanded the regiment from 
November 20, 19 18, until demobilization, not only gave the 
whole project his enthusiastic support, but read the manuscript 
with minute care and offered wise and constructive criticism. 

Major Lewis Sanders was from the first a resourceful ad- 
visor in everything which had to do with the publication of the 
book, and furnished considerable information about the work 
of the First Battalion. 

Major Alvin Devereux, of the Second Battalion, contributed 
written accounts of various episodes connected with the opera- 
tions of his command from which the author has drawn freely 
without always using quotation marks or indicating the source. 

Captain Harry Kempner was an unfailing source of infor- 
mation regarding the operations in which the regiment was 
engaged. He also made one of the illustrations. 

Lieutenant Lawrence Thornton, of the Brigade Commander's 
Staff, wrote an account of the Plattsburg Training Camp and 
of the beginnings of Camp Upton without which the first chap- 
ter could hardly have been written, and as Brigade Historian 
he has offered helpful advice and criticism. 

Lieutenant Roger McE. Smith gave a great deal of time to 
the work of illustrating, produced many of the best of the 
drawings, and supervised the final preparation of the cuts. 
His helpful labors and loyal cooperation after the regiment was 
disbanded and the artists scattered, deserve special thanks. 



Sergeant William K. Vernon collected and arranged a vast 
amount of information and furnished many helpful sugges- 
tions. 

Mr. Perry Newberry, the regimental Y. M. C. A. Secretary, 
took entire charge of the illustrating, laid out the work for 
the artists, lived and labored with them for weeks, and himself 
drew some of the pictures. His wide experience, both as an il- 
lustrator and as a writer, as well as his sincerity and enthusiasm 
in the work, made his criticisms invaluable. The whole lay- 
out of the book is the work of Mr. Newberry. His work for 
the regiment in the making of this memorial volume is sur- 
passed only by the resourcefulness, the genuineness, and the 
unfailing good will of his life and work among the men, both at 
the front and during the trying period after the fighting was 
over. He was not an adjunct, but an integral part of the regi- 
ment, respected and beloved by officers and men as a tried and 
trusted friend. 

Under him in the task of illustrating worked Corporal 
Michael Lemmermeyer, whose cartoons enliven the entire book; 
Private Dalrymple, whose brush work has given most of the 
full-page illustrations; Private Revard Graham, who has done 
the decorative chapter headings; and Privates Archie Ander- 
son and E. H. Reims, Jr., whose pen drawings have helped to 
make the story interesting. Sergeant Stephen Ayres, a's a 
member of the Art Department, did considerable work on the 
maps. 

Two members of Battery E, Corporal Edwin C. Cass and 
Private George Petri, were kind enough to lend their diaries, 
which not only furnished numerous quotations, but suggested 
a great many things which the author has himself written. 
Several others, who would prefer that their names did not 
appear, have contributed bits from diaries and letters. 

To all these friends the author extends his sincere thanks. 
Their cooperation has made the whole work a joy. 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



FULL PAGE 



TITLE 

Leviathan in Brest Harbor 



ARTIST 

Reims 



Frontispiece 



Towering above them all the huge Leviathan 

Leaving New York Harbor 

Alsace-Lorraine 

Headed for the Unknown 

The Valley of the Yesle 

Fights in the Air 

Fismes 

A Battery Kitchen in the Woods .... 
No Man's Land — Argonne Forest .... 
The Advance through the Argonne 
Pirate Piece in Action 

IN THE TEXT 

Head-piece, Chapter I 

Off for Plattsburg 

Led them on Strenuous Hikes 

From One Farmer's Roof to Another . 

Major Sanders 

The First Army Chow 

Oh, the Needle! the Needle! 

His First Uniform 

"Wait Till You Get the Needle !".... 

When New Recruits Arrived 

Head-piece, Chapter II 

They Used to Make Hideous Noises . 

Camp Upton (three views) 

On Sunday Afternoons 

Learning Obedience 

Compelled to Bathe Regularly 

xiii 



Graham . 

Reims 

Graliam 

Dalrymple 

Dalrymple 

Lemmermeyer 

Dalrymple 

Reims 

Reims 

Dalrymple 

Dalrymple 



Graliam . 

Smith 

Smith 

Smith 

Lemmermeyer 

Lemmermeyer 

Lemmermeyer 

Smith 

Smith 

Lemmermeyer 

Graham . 

Lemmermeyer 

Reims 

Lemmermeyer 

Anderson 

Lemmermeyer 



40 
46 
76 

93 
no 
117 
136 
160 
169 
180 
204 



13 
14 
15 
15 
16 

17 
19 
20 



TITLE ARTIST 

Major Devereux Lemmermeyer 

Putting Out the Infirmary Fire Lemmermeyer 

Pushed and Jammed to Suffocation .... Smith 

Digging Stumps Anderson 

Glee Club of Officers . . Lemmermeyer 

Head-piece, Chapter III Graham . 

Sat in the Mess Hall in Pairs and Groups . . Lemmermeyer 

Swinging Out into the East River .... Lemmermeyer 

Those Bunks ! Smith 

A Gun-Crew Constantly on Duty .... Smith 

"All Hands Abandon Ship !" Lemmermeyer 

Proceeding Direct to France Reims 

Captain Doyle ....'. Lemmermeyer 

One or Two Huge Windmills Reims 

The Ship Came to Anchor Graham . 

Kiddies Were Everywhere Smith 

The Boys Were More Bold Smith . . 

Destroyers ' Smith 

Head-piece, Chapter IV Graham 

Inside the Gates, Pontanezen Barracks . . . Reims 

Pontanezen Barracks Reims 

"Hommies Forty" Lemmermeyer 

Entrance to Camp de Souge Reims 

Chinese Coolies Were a Novel Feature . . . Smith 

Some of the More Ambitious ..... Anderson 

Machine Gun School . . Graham 

Not Versed in Army Methods Lemmermeyer 

A Corner of Bordeaux Reims 

Week-End Leaves to Bordeaux Smith 

Dining in Fascinating Little Inns .... Lemmermeyer 

The Canteen Did a Thriving Business . . . Lemmermeyer 

Captain Mahon Lemmermeyer 

Widow in Bordeaux Smith 

Tail-piece: French Railroad Train . . . Smith . . 

Head-piece, Chapter V Graham 

Getting the Mules into the Box Cars . . . Lemmermeyer 

Railroad Guard Smith 

Captain Kempner Worked Half an Hour . . Lemmermeyer 

Entraining at Bonneau Smith 

Positions are Chosen Anderson 

xiv 



TITLE 

Forward Observation Post 

Telephone Men in Action 

In the Baccarat Sector 

Lieut. Graham Mounts His Charger . 

Learning the Game of War 

Entrance to a Dugout 

Tail-piece : On the Road 

Head-piece, Chapter VI 

"Gas! Gas!" 

Men Began to Fall Out 

A Weary Night 

Another Night of Marching 

The Wagons Were Repacked 

We Were Headed North 

A Warm Sun Lured Many to the River . 
Crossing the Marne at Chateau-Thierry . 

Slowly We Plodded OuV Way 

Ten Minute Halts for Rest 

Klaxons Screamed the Alarm 

Eating was Never a Pleasure 

Head-piece, Chapter VII 

Chery-Chartreuve 

Ferme des Dames 

Out in the Open 

A Shell Struck the Airplane 

Our Men Got the Fringes of the Fire . 

The Shell had Blown Him Out of the Saddle . 

Changed their Positions 

And Buried the Dead Ones ....... 

Through the Wicked Shell-Fire .... 

A Shell Whistled Overhead 

Lieutenants Lillibridge and Graham in O. P. . 

Head-piece, Chapter VIII 

Vigilance was Doubled 

Great Fires Were Visible 

What was Left of the Village of Perles . 

The Church in Perles 

Perles 

Went to the Aid of His Fallen Comrades . 
Looked to See if His Men Were Under Cover 

XV 



Smith 


PAGE 

• 79 


Lemmermeyer 


. 80 


Reims 


. 81 


Lemmermeyer 


. 82 


Lemmermeyer 


• 83 


Reims 


. 84 


Graham 


• 87 


Graham 


. 88 


Lemmermeyer 


. 89 


Anderson 


. 90 


Anderson 


• 9i 


Neicberry 


• 93 


Anderson 


• 94 


Newberry 


• 95 


Smith 


• 96 


Dalrymple . 


■ 97 


Anderson 


• 98 


Smith 


IOO-IOI 


Lemmermeyer 


. 102 


Anderson 


. IO4 


Graham . 


. I06 


Reims 


. I07 


Reims 


. 108 


Reims 


. Ill 


Reims 


. 112 


Smith 


■ "3 


Lemmermeyer 


• "5 


Reims 


• "7 


Anderson 


. 119 


Netvberry 


. 120 


Reims 


• 123 


Lemmermeyer 


• 125 


Graham . 


. 127 


Smith 


. 128 


Anderson 


. 129 


Reims 


• 130 


Reims 


• 131 


Reims 


• 132 


Smith 


• 133 


Smith 


• 133 




CHAPTER I 



BEGINNINGS 



For three long months before the 304th Field Artillery ex- 
isted most of those who were to be its officers had been together. 
The United States had declared war on Germany on April 6, 
1917, and on May 15th those New York men who had been 
accepted as candidates for commissions in the Officers' Re-, 
serve Corps were summoned to Plattsburg, New York, to un- 
dergo a period of intensive training. There for three months 
they lived bunk to bunk in the barracks and ate the same army 
food. For three months they toiled with mind and body to 
master the elements of things military. When, at the end of 
that time, they left the camp as commissioned officers, they 
took with them not only a somewhat confused mass of techni- 
cal knowledge but also a spirit of comradeship which went far 
toward insuring the success of the regiment in which they were 
to serve. 

At the beginning of the course every one started as an in- 
fantryman. With rifle, bayonet and pack he drilled and hiked 
like any doughboy. After a month of this the men who had 
chosen to serve in the artillery were reassembled and assigned 
to provisional batteries for special instruction, and it was with 
supreme satisfaction that they laid aside their packs and con- 
gratulated themselves on the prospect of future hikes on horse- 

1 




Off for Plattsburg 



back. Let the 
doughboys labo- 
r i o u s 1 y plod 
their way on 
foot — the artil- 
lery would ride. 
Some three-inch 
guns had arrived 
in camp, and they 
looked to be man's 
size weapons. 
What a splendid 
showing they 
would make, rumbling 
by at a trot, six horses 
to a gun ! 
Long-cherished visions 
of horseback riding 
quickly vanished, how- 
ever, as the artillerymen 
entered on their special- 
ized training. There 
were no horses in camp. 



Hikes on foot were as frequent as before, only instead of packs 
and rifles the men now carried instruments. Classes were held 
from seven in the morning to quarter of twelve, and in the 
afternoon from one-thirty to half-past four. There was a two- 
hour study period every evening-. The path was not strewn 
with roses; leisure hours were rare. Barracks and company 
streets had to be policed (i. e., cleaned) before class in the 
morning, and the strict insistence on personal neatness made it 
necessary to fill in the precious moments between four-thirty 
and retreat with shaving and the polishing of personal equip- 
ment. The life was all work, with mighty little play. 

When the First Provisional Battery was assembled, Captains 
Ned B. Rehkopf, a field artilleryman of the Regular Army,, 
introduced himself as its commanding officer and senior in- 
structor. With his hat tilted down over his eyes he looked 
slowly along the line of faces before him, said a few words 
and dismissed the battery. The men's first impression of 
him was one of calm, impersonal leadership, and as the 'weeks 
wore on the impression deepened and left a lasting- 
influence. 

Second in command was Lieutenant Barnes, also of the Reg- 
ular Army. Like the Captain he had a faculty of smoothing 
over difficult places, of which there were not a few. Major 
Lewis Sanders, although on cadet status, assisted in the in- 
struction, and with terrible energy he spurred his charges on 







Led Them on Strenuous Hikes 

3 




&&WL 



through the intricacies of firing data and reconnoissance, and 
led them on strenuous hikes, which even the long marches in 
France never effaced from their memory. 

The men lived in a state of uncertainty. Each day brought 
new and difficult things to learn, as well as fresh rumors. 
The latter always had to 
do with the prospects of £ 
being or not being com- 
missioned. Joy rose and 
fell according as the ru- 
mors were propitious or 
unpropitious, and each 
candidate measured his 
chances by the successes 
or failures of each day's 
work. At the most unex- 
pected moments the in- 
structors would call a 
man forth from the ob- 
scurity and oblivion of the 
ranks and thrust upon 
him a position of com- 
mand where his short- 
comings were painfully 
conspicuous. He might 
do well, or he might do ill, 
but in either case he was 
apt to feel that he had lost his chance of winning a com- 
mission. 

In the morning tactical walks under Major Sanders became 
the usual thing. The camp edged the shore of Lake Cham- 
plain, and back from it the roads led into the sandy, pine-tree 
country, and the region of the Chateaugay branch railroad and 
the Salmon River. Commanding this country from the north 

4 




From One Farmer's Roof to Another 



was a hill on which stood the Hotel Champlain and its water 
tower. Hither the men hiked along the Peru Road and fought 
strategic battles with imaginary guns against an imaginary 
enemy, and always the water tower figured as an important ele- 
ment. Observers were shot from it daily. There was not a 
copse or knoll for miles around but sheltered artillery, friendly 
or otherwise. 

After a time some horses arrived, and 
three batteries alternated in their use. 
Just enough days elapsed between equita- 
tion lessons to heal the 
soreness of the previous 
riding, but at least there 
was some satisfaction in an oc- 
casional drill with horses and 
guns. 

Actual firing was not possible, 
but every one hoped that a big 
maneuver might be held in 
which batteries would be taken 
into position. The maneuver 
never took place, but instead of 
it the instructors arranged a big 
problem in communication, in 
which all the different means of 
signaling were to be brought 
into play. 

When the day arrived, the legions started forth at dawn, 
equipped with blinker lights, signal flags, field telephones, 
rockets, and horses for messengers. Observers were sta- 
tioned in the tower to flash the progress of events, while groups 
of runners relayed messages. From one farmer's roof to an- 
other instructions were wig-wagged, and rockets and bombs 
went up all along the line. At the close of the day it was de- 

5 




Major Sanders 



cided that if communication had won the fight the enemy had 
certainly been surrounded and taken. 

The Plattsburg course ended with a grand review of all the 
troops in camp. One battery of artillery, patched together 
for the occasion, passed proudly in review with guidons flying 
and guns and caissons bowling along behind the horses, — a 
stirring spectacle for the men who had toiled through the ter- 
rible heat of the summer to become artillery officers. 

On August 15th the commissions were announced. Cap- 
tain Rehkopf assembled the successful candidates and made a 
characteristically short speech. 

"Gentlemen," he said, "you enter the service to become repre- 
sentatives of the American Army. It has been very difficult 
to choose among you. I trust I may be able later to say that 
I have chosen wisely." 

Where all had been comrades of equal standing, each suc- 
cessful candidate was now to take on rank commensurate with 
his age and, it was to be hoped, with his ability; but a fellow- 
ship had grown up in those three months which rank could not 
efface. It was a group of friends who separated on August 
15th for a brief vacation, with orders to report at the end of 
the month at Camp Upton, Long Island, there to take up their 
duties as officers of the 304th Field Artillery. 

Camp Upton, on September 1st, was a howling wilderness 
of stumps, lumber piles, civilian workmen, ditches and half- 
finished buildings. The stumps were all that was left of a ' 
forest of scrub oak and pine which had been cleared away to 
provide an area for the camp. The lumber was strewn in 
wild confusion all over the place. The civilian workmen 
swarmed like so many ants, and often with as little apparent 
aim. The ditches marked the first stage of what was to be 
an elaborate system of water supply and drainage, while from 
day to day newly completed buildings showed the progress of the 
great wooden city which was to house forty thousand men. 

6 



In this wilderness our newly commissioned officers found 
themselves when, after alighting- from the train, they walked 
the long dusty road to camp and sought out the headquarters 
of the Commanding General. There the Adjutant assigned 
them to their regiment, and told them to report to the head- 
quarters of the 304th Field Artillery. The vague address given 
was "J-l," and it was difficult at first to determine just which 
part of the camp the constructing engineers had labeled "J"; 
but as soon as the section was located the building was not 
hard to find, for it was one of the few finished barracks in the 
area, situated between what afterward became 2nd and 3rd 
Avenues above nth Street. Here, amid a confusion of desks 
and papers pertaining to other regiments. Captain Leonard 
Sullivan, the regimental Adjutant, was already busy with that 
bane of all army officers, "paper work." 

There was not much about the camp at that time to suggest ' 
military life. Steam stump pullers were tearing roots out of the 
ground to make way for new buildings. Great noisy machines 
were plowing up new ditches and adding to the pitfalls which 
made walking dangerous after dark. Carpenters were ham- 
mering, and plumbers were littering the floors with pipe, bolts, 
solder and tin. The only warlike touch was a battalion of the 
15th New York Infantry (colored), who were acting as guards 
until the camp should boast a military police force of its own. 
These happy-go-lucky blacks furnished as much amusement as 
protection. Thev presented arms with superb dignity when- 
ever an officer passed by, and when off duty they laughed and 
chased each other about among their tents, or beat out mar- 
velous rag-time on the piano in the Y. M. C. A tent. 

Major Sanders was at first in charge of the 304th. On 
paper one Colonel Westervelt was in command, but he was in 
France at the time and the regiment never saw him. The 
real commanding officer, Lieutenant-Colonel John R. Kelly, 
had not yet reported, so it was Major Sanders who marshaled 

7 



the officers and gave them their instructions. No soldiers 
would be on hand for some days, and the officers must practice 
on each other. Each battery commander took his lieutenants 
•out and every officer had his turn at giving commands to the 
others. The Major took them all on a personally conducted 
tour of the camp and pointed out where in the great U-shaped 
city the various parts of the division would eventually be. 
As the officers stumbled along over the stumps and leaped the 
ditches they wondered where, in all this animated desert, there 
would be any room to drill. 

In a few days Colonel Kelly arrived to take command. As a 
•captain of infantry in the Regular Army he had been an in- 
structor in the civilian training camps at Plattsburg in 191 6, 
and had earned a good name as a leader of tact and force. 
This reputation did not belie him, for in a very short time the 
officers of the 304th had learned to rely on his judgment and 
had been won to a strong personal attachment to their com- 
manding officer. The only other regular army officer in the 
regiment was Major Leonard C. Sparks, who arrived about 
the same time. He was a field artilleryman and an exception- 
ally capable one, as well as a man of rare personal charm. 

Presently there arrived a group of non-commissioned offi- 
cers who had been sent from the Regular Army to help in get- 
ting the new National Army into shape. Some of these men 
were fine soldiers of the stamp of Sergeants Cronin and French, 
who were made first sergeants of B and D Batteries respec- 
tively and served in that capacity until the regiment was dis- 
banded. Others of them, however, came with an utterly 
wrong notion of the National Army and had an idea they could 
do about what they liked with the reserve officers. They were 
mistaken. A strenuous sifting process was instituted which 
soon got rid of the undesirables. Those that remained were 
worth keeping, and they served right through with faithful- 
ness and often with distinction. 



Meantime, on September ioth, arrived the great day to 
which thousands of people had been looking forward, some with 
eagerness and some with dread, the calling out of the first 
draft. Even since they had registered on June 5th and had 
been declared physically fit for military service, these men 
had been watching for the day when there should come a pink 
card through the mail telling them to report for duty. Now 
the day had come. Great masses of friends and well-wishers 
turned out to see them off, and the first instalment of the new 
National Army from New York City boarded the Long Island 
train for Camp Upton. 

As the first trainload pulled out of the station men hung from 
the car windows and crowded the platforms, shouting and sing- 
ing and hailing every one in uniform who came near. Officers 
had boarded the train some distance from the camp, so that 
the leaders appointed by the local draft boards had been re- 
lieved from their none too easy job of trying in some meas- 
ure to control the enthusiastic or defiant curiosity of the 
recruits. 

The occupants of the cars needed no command from the offi- 
cers in charge to swarm out, pushing and yelling, and fall into 
something which vaguely resembled a line. There was no lack 
of comments and suggestions from the ranks as the officers 
struggled to straighten out the formation so that they could 
tell who was present and who was missing. Finally the roll- 
call was finished and at the command "Right face — forward 
march !" the men picked up their grips and bundles and started 
to march with ragged and uneven strides toward camp. 

These first recruits had been largely picked by the local 
boards as being likely men to form the nucleus of the regiments 
and perhaps to become non-commissioned officers, and in most 
cases the selection had been fairly good. Nevertheless it is 
doubtful whether there had ever been a stranger assemblage 
for the making of an army. They came from every nook and 



corner of Greater New York and from every stratum of so- 
ciety and every walk of life. Fifth Avenue and the lower East 
Side, men who had lived on inherited incomes and men who 
toiled as day laborers, university graduates and illiterates, 
those whose ancestors had fought under Washington and those 
whose parents were still living in Italy and Russia walked side 
by side in a column of twos through the dust and confusion of 
the camp. 

At last the strange procession halted before a new barrack 
which had been prepared for their reception. In groups of 
eight they were told off and summoned inside, where each man 
was led up stairs and assigned to a bunk. On every cot lay a 
mess kit, two or three blankets and a bed sack, which, when 
filled with straw, would serve as a mattress. Odors of a steam- 
ing hot lunch were coming up from the kitchen, and by the 
time the last man had been given his bunk, mess was ready and 
every one fell to with a will. The first army chow these rookies 
got was a real one. Chefs from New York hotels had been em- 
ployed to prepare the 
meals until cooks could be 
selected and trained from 
among the soldiers, and 
although the service 
might have been more 
dainty the food was good 
and there was plenty of it. 
After mess began the 
weary process of being 
mustered into the army. 
The men were lined up al- 
phabetically, and as each 
one's name was called he 
entered the mess hall and 
took his place at table. 




The First Army Chow 



IO 



Opposite him sat an officer with a pile of large cards on which 
were innumerable questions to be answered by the recruit: 
name, age, place of birth, nationality of parents, previous occu- 
pation, salary, schooling, previous military experience, and all 
information which 
might be of assist- 
ance in determin- 
ing a man's fitness 
for the different 
branches of the 
service, and later, 
for the various 
special duties con- 
nected with army 
life. All this had 
to be extracted by 
questions and en- 
tered on the quali- 
fication cards and 
finally signed by 
the candidate and 
by the officer. 

As the men completed this inquisition they were marshaled 
outside and marched to the building where the medical examin- 
ers held forth. Here through the various departments the 
recruits were shoved like meat through a sausage mill, and some 
who were palpably unfit were eliminated and given a slip en- 
titling them to a discharge from present military service. The 
rest were hustled along to the unfeeling doctors who adminis- 
tered the prophylactic needle. 

The needle deserves special mention, for it loomed large in 
the imagination of the rookie. To the first lot sent it came 
as a surprise — before the man knew what was happening the 
needle had been thrust into his arm and the damasfe was done. 




Oh, the Needle ! the Needle ! The Pro-phy-lac-tic 
Needle ! 



II 



But those who came later were greeted all the way from the 
station with jeering cries of "Wait till you get the needle!" 
"You want to look out for that needle — three men died from 
it yesterday!" For weeks afterward any reference to inocu- 
lations in songs or skits at the battery entertainments was sure 
to bring a laugh. 

After the physical examination there was another line-up 
and the men were marched off to the mustering office. Here 
more questions were asked and answered, and finally each man 
signed his name to a document which made him at last a sol- 
dier in the United States Army. 

The next formality, and one which must be completed at all 
costs before bed time, was a bath. Into cold showers the men 
were hustled for a good clean-up. Any man who emerged 
from the bath house with a dry head, indicating that his ablu- 
tions had not been thorough, was compelled to go back again and 
make a good job of it. 

Bed felt good that night to a tired lot of men. There was 
some noise and hilarity in the barracks, but after a while the 

place quieted down, and 
in the dark strangeness 
of the dormitory each 
man was left to his own 
turbulent thoughts. 

During the next few 
days new increments of 
recruits kept arriving, 
and presently they were 
assigned to the various 
regiments. About a 
hundred came in the first 
lot to the 304th and were 
put in charge of Cap- 
His First Uniform tain Ewell and the offi- 




i ,1 .1," * ' il *^' rV ^* ft 1 F J 7 fL Or ' T ' ' ( "' ^«^— - — i*' 



"Wait Till You Get the Needle 1" 



cers of A Battery. Nominally they were assigned to the dif- 
ferent organizations in the regiment, but while their officers 
were busy equipping them and straightening out their records, 
for the sake of convenience the men were all kept together in a 
single barrack down in the P section until enough were as- 
signed to make it worth while to move them and separate theni 
according to batteries. 

Meanwhile our regimental headquarters had shifted from 
J-i and was now located in J.-45 on 3rd Avenue. There, in a 
large room on the ground floor, a space was fenced off for the 
office of the Commanding Officer, the Adjutant and their clerks. 
In another corner the Surgeon, Lieutenant (afterwards Major) 
Horton, had his infirmary, and those men who had physical 
ailments filed in at sick call in the morning and crowded the 
room. Diagonally opposite were the offices of the Headquarters 
and Supply Companies and the desk of the regimental Exchange 
Officer. Over by a window was stored a pile of brooms, picks 
and shovels — the only weapons as yet available — and hard by 
the infirmary was the post office where huge piles of wrongly 
addressed mail were fast accumulating. In the center of the 
room, in the midst of all the hubbub and confusion, the Head- 
quarters Company tailor maintained a pressing establishment. 

Up stairs lived the enlisted men of the Headquarters and 

13 



Supply Companies, while in the building on either side the or- 
derly rooms and sleeping quarters of the six batteries were es- 
tablished. The 305th and 306th regiments, as well as some 
hundreds of civilian workmen, were all about us and in our 
midst. For several weeks we stumbled over each other in our 
attempts to keep out of the ditches and holes, and made in- 
effectual efforts to create an atmosphere of order and efficiency 
in our section of the camp, while the infantry, over in the older 
P-section, with finished buildings and level ground, began to 
get their drill fields in order. 




When New Recruits Arrived 



H 




CHAPTER II 

LIFE AT CAMP UPTON 

Colonel Kelly departed for a 
three months' course at Fort Sill 
on September 27th, and Major 
Sparks assumed command of the 
regiment. It was under his di- 
rection that the work really be- 
gan. A new lot of recruits ar- 
rived early in ( )ctober, and they 
were all presently doing squads 
right and squads left in what- 
ever place could be found among 
the piles of lumber. A Inch more 
than this it was not possible to give them for there was no ma- 
terial at hand with which to work. On paper, we were armed 

with three-inch guns and 
equipped with a full comple- 
ment of horses; but in real- 
ity there was just 
one old gun — a 
cast-off from some 
National G u a r d 
regiment — and no 
horses.' 

One thing we 
did have, long be- 
fore any other reg- 
They Used to Make Hideous Noises iment had thought 

15 




of such a thing, and that was a band. Colonel Kelly had 
been keen on this from the very start. As soon as he found 
that we had been assigned an ex-army bandsman, Andrew 
Dolphini, he set him to work rounding up musicians, and 
within two weeks after the first draft men arrived, there 
was a band of about ten pieces, including a bass drum which 
proudly bore the legend "304th F. A. Band." They used to 
make hideous noises as they practiced in 
the barracks, for some of the candidates 
with whom Dol- 
phini had to labor 
were musicians 
made, not born; 
but when they 








Camp I'plon -Yaphank. LI- **' 



hen. 



came outside 
and gave little 
concerts, and 
"The Star 






Spangled Banner" 
mastered, they began to play for retreat, 
crowds used to gather to listen, and they 
would say one to another, "What manner of regiment is this, 
which already boasts a band?" 

When new recruits arrived, our band would be ordered to 
meet them at the station and serenade them with martial mu- 
sic as their train pulled in. It put new courage into many a 
frightened rookie to fall in line and march behind a band. On 
Sunday afternoons, when the camp was overrun with fond 
relatives from New York, "J-45" was always a center of at- 
traction, with the musicians ranged in front of the stoop, and a 
mixed crowd of soldiers and civilians gathered about to en- 
joy the music. On more than one occasion, when there were 
distinguished guests at divisional headquarters, General Bell 
sent for the 304th F. A. Band to entertain them. Once, when 
the Canadian government wanted some American troops in ,7t 

16 



vast parade to boost bond sales and recruiting', the infantry 
which was to represent the National Army marched to the 
music of Air. Dolphini and his band. 

One day in October an order came through for a sweeping 
transfer of some five hundred men from Camp Upton to Camp 
Gordon, at Atlanta, Georgia. Our regiment contributed its 
quota, perhaps fifteen from each battery, and one of our officers, 
Lieutenant Amy, of Battery A, was put in charge of the move- 
ment. A motley array of rookies assembled in front of the 
barracks and, with their blue bags over their shoulders, 
marched off to the railroad station. This was the first experi- 
ence of the kind we had, and no one was much disturbed by it r 
but as time went on such transfers became very frequent and 
withal very annoying. The authorities did not again frame 
their orders so that organization commanders could send whom 
they would. They would call for so many mechanics, so many 
saddlers, so many gas engine men to be sent to a certain place, 
never stopping to inquire whether the regiment furnishing 
the men could afford to send them. It became very discourag- 




On Sunday Afternoons 
17 



ing to those who were in charge of the instruction ; for as soon 
as a few men were beginning to show promise in any given line 
of work, half of them would be transferred. There never was 
a time through all those months when we were sure of our 
personnel. 

Among the men, transfers came to be a standing joke. 
Sometimes at an entertainment in the Y. M. C. A., an announce- 
ment would be made from the platform that "the following 
men will report at once to their orderly rooms." Always there 
was a shout of laughter, and cries went up of "Blue bag!" 
"Good-by, Billy!" "See you in France!" Many a man went 
A. W. O. L. (absent without leave) because he was transferred 
to some distant point without a chance to say good-by to his 
family in New York. 

While the battery commanders were searching through 
their files of qualification cards to find men who had had ex- 
perience with horses, so that the animals when they arrived 
might be put in good hands, a new transformation took place. 

The 304th was changed from a regiment of horse-drawn 
three-inch guns to one of "four-point-sevens" (i. e., 4.7-inch 
caliber), to be drawn by tractors. This threw consternation 
into many of the officers, for a large number of them had 
served in the cavalry on the Mexican border, and they had 
•elected to serve with the artillery in this cavalryless army be- 
cause they wanted to be with horses. And now we were to 
have tractors ! Boots and spurs became an anomaly, and many 
caustic remarks were passed to the effect that the natty little 
riding crops which the officers had had made should be ex- 
changed for monkey wrenches. Moreover, the change to a 
heavier gun meant a complete reorganization of the regiment. 
Instead of two battalions we were to have three, of two bat- 
teries each. Stable sergeants must give place to motor ex- 
perts, the size of the gun crews must be increased, classes for 
instruction in gas engines must be instituted, and a selected 

18 




Learning Obedience 



number of officers and men must be sent away to the motor 
and tractor school at Peoria, Illinois. 

Instead of one gun for 
drilling the cannoneers, 
we now had none. Nei- 
ther were there any of the 
fire control instruments so 
necessary in adjusting the 
range and deflection of a 
gun, nor any battery com- 
manders' telescopes or 
field telephones for train- 
ing the special details of 
men who were to work 
with the battery com- 
manders in the field. An 
automobile engine was set 
up in an empty room for 
the motorists to study, and a number of dummy instruments, 
designed by Captain Kempner, were constructed to give a touch 
of reality to some of the special work, but in all the training the 
imagination played a large part. Everything had to be simu- 
lated. It was like little boys playing they were soldiers. Not 
until February, when we were almost ready to start over seas, 
did two four-point-sevens arrive and a few of the instruments 
necessary to artillery work. 

What were the men learning, then? Many things. They 
learned obedience, that first great requisite of a soldier. For 
some the lesson came pretty hard. These were boys who were 
accustomed to having their own way and suiting their own 
convenience, like the good New Yorkers they were. For a man 
to be obliged to do certain things whether he liked it or not, 
just because some one told him to, was absolutely new to many 
a member of our own and of every other regiment. Battery 

19 



punishments and summary courts-martial were frequent. A 
few offenses occurred which called for more serious treatment, 
but happily not many. Considering the way in which the draft, 
like a great fish net, scooped down and brought up every con- 
ceivable species of men from Greater New York — deacons and 
gunmen, bankers and prize fighters, lawyers and crooks — it is 
remarkable how free our regiment has always been from vi- 
cious and unruly men. 

Besides obedience, the soldiers were learning cleanliness. 
That, too, was for some a hard lesson. Men who had been in 
the habit of never changing their clothes from one end of winter 
to the other found themselves compelled, by good husky ser- 
geants, to bathe regularly and change their clothes frequently, 
and to keep themselves clean-shaven and neat in appearance. 

A far more difficult lesson was team work. The New 




ituWiK ft 



Compelled to Bathe Regularly 
20 



Yorker likes company, but ordinarily he lives unto himself 
and works for his own interest. The idea of throwing his 
energies in with those of other men whom he knows little and 
cares less about, and getting behind a job which will not par- 
ticularly benefit him personally, 
is about the hardest thing in the 
world to teach him. That was 
the battery commanders' big- 
gest problem from the very 
start. The lack of team work 
showed itself in everything 
from digging stumps to learn- 
ing regimental songs, from 
scrubbing floors to putting out 
the infirmary fire. 

This fire was one of the great 
events of our life at Camp Up- 
ton. It was just about noon, 
and the officers were all sitting 
in their mess hall, when sud- 
denly a messenger ran in 
breathless and spoke a hasty 
word to Major Sanders, the 

Major Devereux p^ MarshaL 

"Everybody out," cried the Major, as he dashed for the 
door. 

No one knew just what was up until we got outside and saw 
the smoke pouring out from every window in the infirmary. 
There were no patients there, of course : the infirmary is simply 
the surgeons' office and the sleeping quarters of the Medical 
Detachment. So there was no danger, but there was excite- 
ment a-plenty. Battery D, the regimental Fire Company, got 
a bucket line established, and succeeded in splashing consider- 
able water on the ground and on the side of the building away 

21 




from the fire. They also brought out a couple of reels of hose 
with which they squirted water all over each other and all over 
the rapidly assembling crowds, and particularly all over Major 
Sanders, who, with his drenched sheepskin coat, came out of 
the door looking like a drowned rat. But, after carrying the 
mattresses carefully down stairs and throwing the medicine 
bottles out of the windows, they got the fire out, and within a 
few days the building was restored to its normal beauty. 

December brought us our first quota of men from outside 
New York City. They came from "Up State," mostly from 
the neighborhoods of Olean and Buffalo. When they first ar- 
rived, these "Hicks" furnished considerable amusement to the 
city boys. Undoubtedly they were a different breed; and yet 




Putting Out the Infirmary Fire 
22 



they added a certain element of wholesomeness that soon won 
for them a real place in the hearts of the whole regiment. 
Many of them were accustomed to out-door life, and they in- 
fused a healthy attitude toward cold winds and snowstorms 
which put to shame some of the city boys who had been brought 
up to dread any kind of exposure. Once the regiment got to 
the front, all the men alike braved the discomforts and endured 
the hardships, but it must be confessed that during the winter 
at Camp Upton there was some who resorted to attendance on 
"sick call," with a hope of being marked "quarters," whenever 
the weather was particularly bad — which, be it said, was most 
of the time. 

One reason for this softness was undoubtedly the nearness 
of home, and the constant recurrence of week-end passes to 
the city. Many of the men lived from day to day with just one 
thought in their minds: "Will I get a pass this week?" The 
first sergeants, one of whose multifarious duties was arranging 
the rosters for these passes, were driven to distraction by the 
piteous appeals for special privileges in going to New York. 
No office boy ever found so many sick fathers and dying grand- 
mothers as were produced by some of the soldiers. They sup- 
ported their claims by urgent telegrams from home, of which 
an enormous quantity arrived regularly on Friday evening. 
On Saturday mornings the orderly rooms were besieged by 
men who had been disappointed when the passes were given 
out, each armed with a tale of dire necessity which demanded 
his immediate presence at a wedding or a funeral or a baptism, 
or at the settling of an estate. The result was that, not only 
were the men's minds constantly lured aside from their mili- 
tary duties, but their physiques, which should have been 
tone hening under the rigors of camp life, were all too fre- 
nuently subjected to a let-down by a week-end in the city, and 
their health further endangered by the long, cold journey back 
to Camp Upton. 

23 




Pushed and Jammed to Suffocation 

Those Long Island trains ! The railroad, a single-track, 
one-horse affair, was hard put to it to maintain the usual daily 
traffic of freight and passenger trains to and from the camp, 
and when the week-end rush set in the system was simply 
swamped. The trains going to New York were bad enough 
on Saturday morning; but when it came to the return trip on 
Sunday evening they were impossible. From the Pennsylvania 
station to Jamaica it was all right: electric trains brought the 
troops through the tunnel in good time. But after the men had 
crowded onto the platform of the Jamaica station to change 
for a Camp Upton train, they would be compelled to wait 
for hours, sometimes, before any provision was made to take 
them the remainder of the journey. There were no adequate 
waiting rooms, and the platforms were elevated above the 
street, so that the wind swept across as if it would like to blow 

24 



everybody away. And finally, when a train pulled up and the 
waiting soldiers pushed in and jammed it to overflowing, they 
would often find themselves in steel cars with concrete floors, 
lighted only by an occasional flickering kerosene lantern, and 
absolutely without heating arrangements. In these death- 
traps the journey would continue. Sometimes the engines took 
the trains, rocking and plunging at a terrific speed, clear through 
to Camp Upton ; but more often they got tired about half-way 
and stopped, panting and coughing. 

"What's the matter now?" some one would ask a train- 
man. 

"Can't get up enough steam," would be the reply. "Engineer 
says the coal is no good." 

Or perhaps the locomotive would be broken down. "We've 
got to wait here until another engine can be brought up." 
And then the soldiers would have the pleasure of sitting on a 
siding and seeing their comrades, who had been assigned to" 
later trains, glide past from behind, jeering as they went. 

It was a bitter cold winter, and sickness, encouraged by such 
conditions as these, became frequent. There was a great 
deal of ice and snow, which rendered out-door drilling impos- 
sible. Then the officers would have to invent new devices for 
keeping the men busy. Lectures on all sorts of abstruse sub- 
jects connected with artillery, in-door calisthenics, and even 
boxing and games were resorted to. It was difficult work, 
without any kind of apparatus, to keep the men interested. 
No wonder they wanted to go home ! 

One valuable thing was accomplished during that winter, 
and that was the teaching of English to men of foreign birth. 
There were thousands of foreigners in Camp Upton, many of 
whom could speak little or no English when they arrived. The 
304th and, indeed, all the artillery regiments, had perhaps 
fewer than some of the other organizations, but there were 
enough to make it worth while to establish schools. For those 

-5 



men whose commanding officers decided that their ignorance 
of the language interfered with the proper performance of 
their military duties, the classes were made compulsory. That 
was Major Sparks's ruling, and it set a standard for the whole 
camp. There were experienced school teachers in the regi- 
ment, notably Private (afterwards Corporal) Eugene Brown, 
of Battery E, who became under the Chaplain's direction super- 
visor of the educational work, and Corporal (afterwards ser- 
geant) Hunt, of Battery A. These men and others, of perhaps 
less experience but of equal desire to help, took hold of the 
classes and accomplished remarkable results in overcoming - the 
difficulties, and especially the diffidence, of shy but eager 
Italians, Greeks, and Russian Jews. 

In this educational work, the cooperation of the Y. M. C. A. 
was of infinite help. That organization held a place in the 
life of Camp Upton the importance of which it would be hard 
to overestimate. In their various huts and in their big audi- 
torium they had something worth while going on every night, 
be it a concert, a boxing bout, a lecture, a vaudeville perform- 
ance, a movie show, or a religious service. Our own regiment 
was extremely fortunate in having the closest kind of associa- 
tion with the directors of the work, for not only did two of the 
secretaries from the building in our immediate neighborhood 
eat at our officers' mess, but all the personnel of the headquar- 
ters office as well. A splendid lot of men they were. Mr. 
Hainer (afterwards Chaplain Hainer of the 502nd Engineers), 
director of the Artillery Hut, and Mr. Hedrick, his associate, 
were, to all intents and purposes, members of the regiment, 
and their building was in constant use by our men. There 
they wrote their letters; there they met their friends; there 
they entertained their visitors on Sundays; there they enjoyed 
themselves of an evening when there was nothing going on in 
their own barracks ; and there they went to church. Always 
there was a Protestant service conducted by the artillery chap- 

26 



lains on Sunday morning, and a general gathering of men of 
all faiths in the evening; and, until the Knights of Columbus 
had their huts finished, the Catholic chaplains used the "V" 
huts for their masses. The Y. M. C. A. at Camp Upton was 
a remarkably fine institution, without which the life of the sol- 
diers when off duty would have been barren indeed. It is 
only right to add that this was due largely to the fine leadership 
of the Camp General Secretary, Mr. William F. Hirsch, of 
Brooklyn. 

It cannot be too often emphasized that one of this regiment's 
greatest assets has always been the get-together spirit of its 
officers. Many of them had worked together at Plattsburg, but 
their real fellowship did not begin until they came to Camp 
Upton. The first group, quartered in the old "J.-2I," made a 
good start, and as other officers joined them, first in the "T 
Section" and later in the snug little officers' barracks which 
were finally occupied on Fourth Avenue, the spirit continued to- 
grow. Most important of all was the Officers' Mess. This 
was a regimental affair. All the officers sat down in the same 
dining-hall for every meal. The place was agreeably deco- 
mess itself, managed by Lieutenant 
MacDougall, was excellent. When 
Colonel Kelly returned from Fort / 
rated by some of the men, and the r 
Sill, about the first of Jan- f 

nary, a formal dinner was 
held in his honor, with songs (^ A y \ f ' fr 
by the officers and music by Q&y r& 



the band. The colonel was 
delighted, and he 
promptly suggested 
that we organize the 
mess and make a club 
of it. This was done, 





Glee Club Composed of Captain Doyle, Captain Lyman, Lieutenant Smith 
and the Chaplain 



and from then on it became more and more of an institution 
that made for good fellowship and cooperation. 

Singing always played an important role in the life of the of- 
ficers. A glee club, composed usually of Captain Doyle (ever 
a leader in such matters), Captain Garrett, Captain Lyman, 
Lieutenant Roger Smith and the Chaplain, was in frequent 
demand. Urged on by their success, some of the others formed 
what they called the Anti-Glee Club, which soon became famous 
for the originality of its songs. After the war was over, 
these two organizations, each bereft of some of its best singers, 
merged into one chorus, in which everybody joined, but at 
Camp Upton the Anti-Glee Club, jealous of the fact that it 
boasted no singers who could carry any part but the air, never 
allowed any member of the Glee Club to participate in its func- 
tions. But aside from these two groups there was a great deal 
of general singing in which all the officers joined. Colonel 
Kelly's chiefest joy used to be to invite some distinguished guest 
to dinner, and then, when the repast was over, to call for song. 

28 



The men, too, did considerable singing, although it was 
difficult for some of them to get "to see the fun in mass singing. 
Nevertheless, music featured largely in all their entertainments, 
of which there were a great many. Each battery at some time 
put on a show in its own mess-hall. Usually outside talent 
was called in to round out the program, for there were a good 
many professional comedians and singers in the camp, and the 
amateurs were a little backward about volunteering. Battery 
E, indeed, for some time had "battery night" every week just 
for its own men, but not until we got to Camp de Souge, where 
there were few outsiders to depend on, did we begin to realize 
how much talent we had in the regiment. 

Encouraged by the success of these purely local shows, our 
men undertook to get up a regimental, show on a bigger scale. 
The two other artillery regiments were invited to join us at 
the big "Y" auditorium, each of our batteries having as its 
guests the men from the corresponding batteries in the 305th. 
and 306th. The division commander, General Johnson, as well 
as all the brigade commanders in the camp, were the guests of 
Colonel Kelly. Several ladies, professional stage people whom 
Mrs. Rachael Frohman Davison had offered to bring out to 
entertain the regiment, came with Mrs. Davison to dinner, 
and the whole affair was worked up with considerable care. 

After a short musical program by the band, and by a regi- 
mental glee club of twenty voices which had been trained by 
the Chaplain. Mrs. Davison's friends entertained with dances 
and songs and recitations. The piece dc resistance, however, 
was a one-act farce entitled "The Lure of Pills, or the Camou- 
flage of the Sick Call." From the moment the curtain went 
up, disclosing the Medical Detachment clerk asleep in the in- 
firmary office, until the final chorus, in which the entire cast 
sang "The Sick Call never will sound again," the audience was 
convulsed. The hit of the evening was McManus, of Battery 
B, who had already become famous throughout the camp as 

29 



a comedian. But what really made the thing a success was the 
less showy but very steady and faithful work of Sergeant Carl- 
son, of Battery F, and Sergeant Pons and Private (afterward 
Sergeant) Grandin, of Battery D, whose parts formed the 
backbone of the play. 

After the show the officers and their guests returned to the 
mess-hall for a dance, and the men entertained their fellow- 
artillerymen with suppers in their own barracks. The whole 
evening was a fitting climax to the season's entertainments. 

More important in its permanent results was the grand re- 
view of the 152nd Artillery Brigade, held in March in the old 
69th Regiment Armory, New York. As a military spectacle 
it was not very imposing - , perhaps, for there was barely room 
for one regiment in the armory at a time. It was necessary 
for each in turn to enter by the narrow door, get its forma- 
tion and alignment as perfect as possible in a march half-way 
round the hall, and then pass in review before the brigade 
commander, General Rees, and make its exit before the next 
regiment could enter. We had at the time a great many new 
recruits, and the marching was a bit ragged. But the affair 
gave the men a new feeling, for they were showing" off their 
own brigade to their specially invited guests. 

After the review the friends of the regiments got together 
and formed the three Regimental Associations, which were 
to mean so much to the men all through their service in France. 
By their gifts to the soldiers, by serving as a medium of com- 
munication between the men and their families during the long 
months of separation, by their monthly mass meetings, where 
relatives and friends of men at the front had an opportunity 
to learn what their boys were doing as well as to get to know- 
each other, the 304th F. A. Association was to fill a place of 
inestimable importance in the life of the regiment. This 
organization had its beginning the night of the review. 

The business meeting over, most of the men stayed to dance 
30. 



with their friends to the music of the three regimental bands, 
and no one returned to camp until the following day. 

Our stay in Camp Upton was now drawing to a close. Evi- 
dences of this were becoming apparent. Full equipment was 
being issued to the troops, and what seemed like a final sift- 
ing process of the physically and otherwise unfit was being 
undertaken. Rumors of present departure for France were 
creating an atmosphere of suppressed excitement. When 
Governor Whitman came to visit the camp and a review of 
the entire division was held in his honor, it seemed as though 
the time must be coming when we should have to say good-by 
to our friends and start on the great adventure over seas. 

When preparations for departure were at their height, on 
April first, a new officer came to take command of the regi- 
ment. Colonel Raymond W. Briggs, a regular army artillery 
officer, who as a major had gone to France with General 
Pershing the previous summer, and had spent seven months * 
there on staff dutv, came from Camp Meade, with an order 
assigning him to the 304th F. A. At first we were disap- 
pointed. Colonel Kelly was very popular and had done 
wonders in building up an esprit de corps, and we knew that he 
wanted to take the regiment to France as much as we wanted 
to have him. But the new commanding officer quickly made his 
kindly, but eager and aggressive, spirit felt, and we began to 
realize that the regiment was extremely fortunate in having 
gained a new leader of rare charm and capability, without los- 
ing the old one. With both Colonel Briggs and Lieutenant- 
Colonel Kelly, we were splendidly equipped for active service. 

When everything was ready, almost to the passenger lists 
for the transport, and we were expecting orders to move any 
day, a sudden change of plans on the part of the War De- 
partment upset all our calculations, and the morale of the regi- 
ment, now keyed up to concert pitch, was all but broken. 
Without a word of warning, an order came down from divi- 

3i 



sion headquarters that the artillery brigade was to transfer, 
at once, five hundred men to the infantry. That could only 
mean one thing: the infantry was going without us! More- 
over, there were not five hundred men we were willing to part 
with, nor one hundred, for that matter, nor fifty. Yet it was 
not a question of willingness. The transfer was made. All 
day long and late into the night, sorrowful men were shoulder- 
ing blue bags and, waving farewell to their comrades, trudging 
off to become doughboys. The next night the two infantry 
brigades of the 77th Division left Camp Upton, and we saw 
them no more until we met them on the front lines in French 
Lorraine. 

Those were trying days for the regiment. Reduced in 
numbers far below its authorized strength, baffled in its care- 
fully fostered desire to get over seas, discouraged by its sepa- 
ration from the division, disheartened by the loss of a great 
many of its good soldiers, the 304th faced one of its most 
critical periods. 

But Colonel Briggs was not the man to waste any time 
in feeling sorry. Far from relaxing his efforts, he put every 
ounce of his vigorous enthusiasm into the seemingly futile 
work of perfecting the efficiency of the organization. He took 
a personal interest in every battery and company; he super- 
vised the drills ; he called the officers together for conferences, 
and infused into them some of his own zeal; he made a fly- 
ing trip to Washington (no one ever knew just what for, ex- 
cept that it was in the interest of his Own regiment and the 
152nd Brigade); he spent hours in conference with the- other 
regimental commanders and with General Rees. He said noth- 
ing about what was brewing, but we knew that he was not 
working altogether in the dark. 

Then one day there came an order calling on two new 
regiments of engineers, which had just come to Camp Upton,' 
for five hundred men for the artillery. In a trice Colonel 

3 2 



Briggs got hold of Colonel Doyle and Colonel Miller, of the 
305th and 306th regiments, and insisted that, instead of letting 
the engineers send whom they would, the three commanding 
officers should personally select their replacements. He went 
himself to the engineers' barracks and, after looking over the 
men's service records and qualification cards, picked out those 
that he thought would make good artillerymen. Part of 
them were farmers and part were railroad men, and they hailed 
from Iowa and Minnesota. As soon as these recruits joined 
us, the Colonel had them put through a course of sprouts 
which in an amazingly short time enabled them to take their 
places with the rest in a military formation. Once more the 
regiment was practically at its full strength and ready for 
business ! 

A final and impressive ceremony marked the last week in 
Camp Upton. The troops were marched out to the great drill 
field beyond the west end of the camp. There, with the regi- 
ment drawn up on parade, E Battery, selected for the honor 
of being the escort for the colors, marched up and received 
the regimental standards at the hands of General Rees. Then 
the regiment formed on three sides of a hollow square, facing 
an altar which had been built of drums. When the colors had 
been set up by the altar, Mgr. Lavelle, representing Cardinal 
Farley of the Roman Catholic Diocese of New York, Bishop 
Greer and Bishop Burch, of the Protestant Episcopal Church, 
and Rabbi Blechmann, director of the Jewish work in the 
camp, all in their official robes, were escorted by the regimental 
Chaplain to their place in front. Colonel Briggs made a very 
brief address to his men in which he urged upon them the 
necessity of dependence upon God, and congratulated them 
on the unity of spirit which enabled Protestant and Catholic, 
Jew and Gentile, to. work as comrades in a great cause. After 
Chaplain Howard had read a Psalm, Rabbi Blechmann, Bishop 
Greer and Mgr. Lavelle each in turn offered a prayer dedicating 

33 



the coiors to the work of the Kingdom of God and consecrat- 
ing the men of the regiment to His service. It was a singu- 
larly beautiful and impressive ceremony, and after it the men 
marched in review past the camp commander with heads held 
high and steps that were steady with purpose. 

That was on Thursday, April 18th. On Saturday, all week- 
end passes were canceled, and, save for a few individuals 
who were given special permission to go to New York, no one 
was allowed to leave camp. Then we knew that our time had 
come. Our departure for the battle fields of France was only 
a matter of hours. 



34 



CHAPTER III 



THE VOYAGE TO FRANCE 




Sunday, April 21st, was a 
never-to-be-forgotten day. Every 
one had been up most of the 
night, for there were a thousand 
things to be done. Morning 
came in a downpour of rain 
which never let up for a single 
moment during the entire day. 

What a dreary spectacle the 
barracks presented ! Everything 

movable had been packed, and the hallways were piled high 
with barrack bags and wooden boxes. The dormitories were 
stripped -of everything except the iron cots and the inevita- 
ble collection of debris which always accompanies moving. 
Details of men were busy with brooms. Others, armed with 
paint pots and brushes, were marking the baggage with black 
letters and with a crude reproduction in red of the Statue of 
Liberty, which had been chosen as the divisional emblem. 
The clerks in the orderly rooms were swamped beneath piles 
of typewritten sheets from which they must decipher and make 
innumerable copies of the sailing lists of men and freight. 
Guards were posted, and no one was allowed to leave the bar- 
racks without special permission. 

About noon arrived the first of an army of relatives. They 
had got wind of the departure of the regiments, and swarmed 
down to the camp. Splashing through pools and wallowing in 

35 



mud that was ankle-deep, they stormed the barracks where 
their boys were quartered, and then sat in the mess-halls with 
their soldier friends in pairs and groups the livelong day. 
Some made brave attempts at hilarity, and, producing sand- 
wiches and cakes they had brought from home, made of the 
■occasion a sort of holiday picnic. Others, especially among the 
families of the foreign-born, gave way unrestrainedly to their 
grief and wept frankly on the shoulders of the sons and sweet- 
hearts to whom they had come to say farewell. 

The office of the regimental headquarters was the scene of a 
great bustle of preparation. Captain Sullivan, the Adjutant, 
brisk and business-like, was the center of a continuous whirl- 
pool of messengers, clerks, battery commanders, distraught 
relatives and telephone calls. Colonel Briggs, in his inner 
sanctum, was all on edge with the pressure and tension of last- 
minute perplexities ; and yet he seemed to have time for every- 
body and everything that needed him. 




Sat in the Mess Hall in Pairs and Groups 
36 



One little incident occurred which was characteristic both 
of the day and of the Colonel. About four in the afternoon 
a soldier entered headquarters escorting a frail little woman 
whose bedraggled appearance told of her having been flounder- 
ing about in the mud and wet of the camp. 

"This lady is looking for her husband," he said. "She 
says he's in the 304th, so I brought her here." 

It seemed that she had come to Camp Upton that day for 
the first time, expecting to be met by her husband at the station. 
He, as it chanced, had been detained on important business 
by his battery commander and had been unable to go to the 
train, with the result that his wife, utterly unfamiliar with 
the camp, had been tramping around in the drenching rain 
from place to place trying to locate him. She was standing 
in the sergeant-major's office when Colonel Briggs, passing 
through, noticed her. 

"Is there anything I can do for you?" he asked. 

She told him her story. Evidently she was on the verge of 
tears. 

"You wait here," said the Colonel, "and we'll see what can 
be done. Sergeant-major, get a chair, will you? Or, better 
still — Chaplain !" he called. 

"Yes, sir?" 

"Don't you want to let this little lady sit in your office for 
a while? I think she will be more comfortable there. And 

I wish you would go over to Battery and tell the Captain 

that Mrs. So-and-So is here, and that just as soon as he can 
be spared I want her husband to come over. Her train goes 
at five-thirty, and they can have until five o'clock to visit. You 
might just let them have your office. It's a little more private 
than this." 

As evening drew on there were many tearful farewells, 
and many brave good-bys. By eight o'clock the last visitor 
had taken his leave and the men were left to their own de- 

37 



vices. Some of them tried to sleep, but, as may be imagined, 
there was little rest to be had, and the night wore on gloomily 
enough. The rain, however, which had continued to pour in 
torrents all the evening, began to abate, and by midnight it 
had ceased altogether. 

About 2:30 A. m. on April 22nd the first sergeants' whistles 
sounded in the barracks, and the men, shouldering their heavy 
packs and rifles, fell in for the march to the station. 

"The entire regiment [writes one man in his diary] marched 
down Camp Upton's Fifth Avenue, across Eighth Street, and 
past all the old familiar scenes on the way down to the station 
where we had so often happily left for a week-end in the city. 
There was little or no confusion at the depot, and soon we 
were all entrained. ... It was a relief to be seated, as the 
packs were extremely heavy and the air murky, and we had 
not had much sleep of late. 

"It was hard to realize that we were bound for France, 
and not on our way to New York on pass. Hicksville, Farm- 
ingdale and finally Jamaica brought back memories of Satur- 
days that now belonged to the past. On each railway platform 
from Jamaica in were clustered groups of commuters waiting 
for their morning trains. . . . 

"We finally reached Long Island City at 8:30, the place 
I left as a rookie four long, hard months before. We were 
hustled on a ferry and soon were swinging out into the East 
River. . It was a beautiful April morning, with a slight haze 
obscuring Manhattan. The sun broke through, however, and 
it was an ideal day to have a farewell trip around the harbor." 

As we passed under Brooklyn Bridge, some teamsters, driv- 
ing their wagons high overhead, looked down and, seeing the 
boat crowded with troops, waved their hats and cheered lustily. 
It was the first real send-off we had had, and many a man felt 
a lump rise in his throat as he realized, perhaps for the first 
time, that we were actually off for the front, and that back 

38 











Swinging Out into the East River 



of us were all the good will and high hopes of the people of 
America. 

Further cheering greeted us as, swinging around the lower 
end of Manhattan, we met boatload after boatload of Jersey 
commuters on their way to the city. There was no mistaking 
who or what we were, and as we cut across the North River 
and made straight for the great army transport docks in 
Hoboken it seemed absurd to think of all the elaborate pre- 
cautions of secrecy with which our departure was being 
guarded. 

39 



Steaming toward the docks we saw many transports lying 
there; but towering above them all loomed the huge Leviathan. 
Could it be that this monster of the sea, wrested from the 
Germans themselves, was to be the ship to carry us to France ? 
It seemed too good to be true ; and yet, as soon as we had de- 
barked, we were marched past all the other vessels and lined 
up on the pier alongside which stood the giant steamship of 
the world. 

After a tedious wait which seemed many hours, we filed, 
one by one, up the gang-plank and proceeded to our quarters 
—the officers to staterooms which had already been assigned, 
and the men down into the bowels of the ship. Those bunks ! 
Crowded together in unbelievable compactness, the floors about 
them unswept and untidy, the air stifling, the narrow passage- 
ways a very labyrinth of complexity, those tiers of bunks ap- 
peared to the men the last word in discomfort. Yet a few 
hours' work with brooms and mops did away with the dirt, 
and, once the ship was in motion, the ventilation was vastly im- 
proved. Most of our men were quartered away forward, and 
Colonel Briggs, realizing the conditions which existed below, 
secured permission for them to have the liberty of the whole 
forward deck, so that, both before we sailed and during, the 

entire voyage, they 

spent most of their 

time in the open 

air. A few men 

were in the very 

stern of the ship, 

and they, too, were 

allowed the freedom of 

the deck in their vicinity. 

There was a day and a half of 

waiting. Standing on the decks we could 

Those Bunks! look across the river and see New York. 

40 





TOWERING ABOVE THEM ALL THE HUGE "LEVIATHAN" 



It was tantalizing to have the city in full view, within such easy 
telephoning distance, within only a few minutes' ride on a ferry 
boat. But no one was allowed to leave the ship, and, of course, 
in the post cards we were permitted to send, no mention what- 
ever could be made of our whereabouts or of the name of the 
transport. 

On Wednesday morning, April 24th, with a movement so 
smooth that one could hardly tell the ship was in motion, the 
Leviathan glided out into the river and, turning her nose sea- 
ward, started on her course. Let one of the guards tell the 
story of the departure as he experienced it : 

"I certainly was fortunate to-day. I have been placed on 
a permanent guard detail for the entire voyage, and my post 
is at one of the doorways leading to the deck. As luck would 
have it I came on at 6 A. M., just as we were leaving the pier 
and swinging out into the river. The decks were cleared of 
every one but sailors. With a heart too full for expression 
I got what may be my last look at the town which is home 
to me. It was a glorious morning, clear as crystal, and Battery 
Park looked unusually attractive as we glided by. At once I 
was carried back to last summer and those frequent trips to 
Coney Island. How I used to try and place myself in the 
position of one leaving for France and the battle fields! And 
now at last I too am on my way to the Great Land Beyond. 
... I must admit my heart sank a trifle when I thought of 
all I'll have to suffer before next I set foot in Xew York. 
But surelv it is worth any sacrifice. Far better to travel three 
thousand miles to fight the Hun than to some day have him 
pounding at our gates. . . . New York and all that lies be- 
hind, you are indeed worth fighting for, and I'll gladly make 
any sacrifice, even the supreme one, in order that you may 
always enjoy your present peace and prosperity." 

Once out of the harbor, we might come on deck. Speculations 
were rife as to our destination. Some one suggested Brest. 

41 




A Gun Crew Was Constantly on Duty 



"There's not a port in France big enough for this ship," 
said the sailors when we asked them. "So far every trip has 
been to Liverpool." 

We noticed that, instead of heading eastward along the 
ordinary lane of ocean travel, the ship was edging off toward 
the south. Presently she swung about and made for the north- 
east, and after an hour or two southeast. This zig-zag course 
was pursued during the entire voyage, and it was impossible to 
gain a hint from the direction of our progress as to what part 
of the coast of Europe we might be headed for. 

We were astonished to find no convoy of warships await- 
ing us outside Sandy Hook. 

"The Leviathan doesn't need any convoy," said the sailors. 
"She's too fast to begin with, and besides, look at those guns !" 

42 



Four huge six-inch rifles were mounted on specially built 
gundecks forward, and four more aft. A gun crew was con- 
stantly on duty on each deck, the gunner in every case wear- 
ing at all times a telephone receiver strapped to his head. 
What with these guards, and with the watch that was con- 
stantly maintained from the bridge, the crows' nests, and from 
various points along the upper decks, a submarine would have 
had to be wary to get within striking distance. Moreover, 
we were informed by the naval officers that, owing to the 
enormous size and the perfect construction of the vessel, two 
or three torpedoes would be necessary in order to cause real 
danger of sinking. The consequence was that, although the 
great ship plowed her way through the waters alone, every one 
felt as secure as if crossing the North River on a ferryboat. 

Nevertheless, the most minute precautions were taken to 
avoid trouble. First of all, every flash-light, every box of 
matches, and every cigarette lighter was required to be turnetl 
in. Any one who wanted to smoke could borrow a light from 
one of the sailors. Immediately after sundown the decks were 
cleared and the doors and port holes closed, so that no light 
could escape. At an early hour in the evening the lights in 
the staterooms and cabins, as well as in the men's quarters 
below decks, were extinguished, and the only illumination was 
the ghastly and feeble light emitted by a few small incandescent 
globes of blue glass. 

Every afternoon "abandon ship" drill was held. At a cer- 
tain hour the shrill twe-e-e-et of the boatswain's whistle would 
be heard in every corridor and corner of the transport, and 
a voice would call out in stentorian tones, "All — hands — 
abandon — ship!" With that, every one would don his life 
belt and come on deck. Each officer and man had a certain 
definite place to be, convenient either to a life boat or a raft. 
The troops (there were more than ten thousand on board) were 
assembled by batteries and companies under the direction of 

43 



their officers and marched to their proper places. Each sec- 
tion of the ship was controlled by a naval officer. They alone 
wore side arms: no one else, for obvious reasons, was allowed 
to carry a pistol. No attempt was ever made to lower the 
boats. The whole object of the drill was to accustom the 
soldiers to getting as quickly and as quietly as possible to the 
places assigned to them. The first day, the drill was a riot 
of confusion; but by the time we reached the real danger zone 
the assembly was made in remarkably quick time and in good 
order. 

Besides our own regiment, there were on board the Head- 
quarters Detachment of our 152nd Brigade, the 306th F. A., 
the nth Infantry, about a hundred Red Cross nurses, and a 
great many casual troops. The infantry regiment, having been 




"All Hands Abandon .Ship" 
44 



an old Regular Army regiment, had what used to be the tradi- 
tional contempt for any troops of a different branch of the 
service from their own. This attitude, mingled with an all too 
apparent scorn for the "damned drafted men," made at first 
for no little unpleasant feeling. Even the officers, many of 
whom were in the Reserve Corps and, like our own, recent 
graduates of training camps, appeared to delight in a certain 
discourtesy to the officers of the artillery which for a time was 
hard to overcome. But the feeling wore off as the voyage 
continued, and both officers and men learned to have a little 
more respect for the red hat cords and boots and spurs. Per- 
haps they found that it made little difference to us whether 
they liked us or not. At any rate they had to listen on more 
than one occasion to our men on their forward deck, or to the 
officers outside the saloon after supper, singing, 

"We don't give a damn 
For any old man 
Who is not in the artilleree !" 

Major Sanders was permanent field officer of the day, and 
his days and nights were spent in a ceaseless perambulating all 
over the ship. He had guards everywhere, from the topmost 
decks to the bilge keel, and from stem to stern. There were 
many places to which soldiers were not allowed access, and it 
required constant vigilance to keep men and officers where 
they belonged. After dark no one was permitted so much 
as to poke his nose outside, and at ten o'clock every officer 
was supposed to be in his stateroom. If he were found in the 
corridor, an explanation "in writing by endorsement hereon" 
was required, and if the explanation were not satisfactory dis- 
ciplinary action was in order. Inasmuch as no lights were per- 
mitted in the staterooms, there was nothing to do but go to bed. 

The men, ordered below decks at dark, had no very palatial 
places to spend their evenings. They used to congregate on the 

45 



lattice-work floors in the hatchways, and while away the time 
singing, joking, dancing to the music of mouth-organs, and 
trying as best they could to forget the discomforts of their sur- 
roundings. 

Of entertainment there was little. The ship boasted a mov- 
ing picture machine, which was used every night in the mess 
hall; but there were so many thousand troops on board, and 
the difficulties of getting from one place to another were so 
great, especially after the water-tight doors were closed be- 
tween compartments at night, that our men never had but one 
chance to go to a show, and few of them succeeded in getting 
there even then. But the band used to play on deck, and some- 
times the men would gather round and sing. Ours was the 
only regiment on board that did sing, and a crowd was sure 
to collect on the upper decks whenever the music started. On 
our one Sunday afternoon on board both Colonel Briggs and 
Colonel Kelly were to be seen, each perched on a capstan, right 
in amongst the throng of men as they sang "Hail, hail, the 
gang's all here," "In the Artillery," and "Over hill, over dale." 
It was a sight worth remembering. 

So great was the crowd on the ship that it was found to 
be impossible to feed the men more than twice a day. With 
those two meals, the mess hall was busy from morning till 
night. The food, however, was excellent, and no complaints 
were heard. Getting as little exercise as they did, the men 
found two meals quite sufficient, and were it not for the long 
waits as the lines filed into the mess hall they would have 
been quite content with the arrangement. 

What little exercise they got was in the form of calisthenics. 
Every morning each organization marched up to the long 
promenade decks, and there the men, peeling off their blouses, 
were put through a short, snappy physical drill. Once or twice 
there were some boxing bouts. Each day, in connection with 
the exercise, there was a physical inspection conducted by the 

46 




LEAVING NEW YORK HARBOR 



surgeons, to guard against any possible infectious disease. A 
few of the men were taken sick on the voyage, but we were 
fortunate in not having any serious trouble with illness. 

On the whole, the men seemed to enjoy the voyage. One 
of them wrote at the time, "Really the spirit of the fellows 
is surprising. Of course it is the first trip the majority of the 
men have ever had, and they are taking it in the nature of an 
outing." This held true even in the danger zone as we ap- 
proached the European coast. "It was difficult to realize [the 
same writer says J that we were at last in that much famed 
war zone, that at any moment we might be struck by a sub- 
marine. Every one was perfectly calm, and there wasn't the 
slightest excitement, only the intensest interest in the doings 
of the destroyers." 

For, on the seventh day. we had come on deck to find four 
destroyers coursing about the ship, two on each side. They 
would shoot ahead, and then hang back ; then one would cross 
over and join the two on the other side, and presently rush 
around behind and catch up to its old place again. This was 
really the first thing we had had to look at during the entire 
trip, and the little war vessels furnished a diversion that was 
rather a relief, for the days were becoming tiresome. 

We knew that we could not be far now from our port, and 
again men began to speculate as to our probable destination. 
On the evening of the seventh day, a group of them were 
standing on the deck, getting a last breath of fresh air. Sud- 
denly they noticed that from above the bridge, signals were 
being flashed to the destroyers. They could not see the tiny 
ray of light which leaped out toward the smaller vessels, but 
they could see the shutters working. Some of them, trained 
in visual signaling, began to watch closely, and they discovered 
that the message was' being sent in the international Morse 
code. Immediately their attention was fixed, and they caught 
these words: "O-u-r o-r-d-e-r-s c-a-1-1 f-o-r B-r-e-s-t." 

47 




Proceeding Direct to France 



This was repeated three times. Just then the guard came 
along and ordered them below, but they had seen enough to 
start a thrill of excitement in the sleeping quarters. We were 
proceeding direct to France ! 

The next morning, May 2nd, there was a fog so dense that 

those who were on deck 
early could not even see 
the destroyers. Little by 
little, however, the mists 
began to clear, and we 
caught glimpses of land 
on both sides. The news 
spread quickly and in no 
time the decks were crowded. Gradually the sun broke through 
and dispelled the fog altogether, and we found ourselves glid- 
ing smoothly in between the beautiful green hills which mark 
the entrance to the harbor of Brest. 

What a welcome sight that land was ! The city itself nestled 
at the foot of a hill ahead of us, and all around were rich green 
pasture lands and quaint cottages, with 
one or two huge windmills and the re- 
mains of some ancient fortifications. 
The striking thing about it all was the 
atmosphere of perfect peace and tran- 
quillity. Could this be the land that for 
nearly four years had been torn by the 
ravages of war ? Was this the country 
to which we had come to fight, the Hun ? 
Strange looking boats were sailing 
about, and as the ship came to anchor, 
several tugs and lighters came along- 
side. Presently we saw our baggage 
being trundled through a door which 
had opened down near the water line 

48 




Captain Doyle 



and piled on board one of the lighters. Then came the order for 
the men to roll their packs and the officers to get their luggage 
ready, and shortly after noon the regiment began to crawl down 
through the ship, and across a little gang plank to a lighter 

which lav on the port side. 
While we were debark- 
ing on one side, the 306th 
was boarding a lighter on 
the other. We were the 
first artillery regiments of 
the National Army to' 
reach France, and al- 
though nothing 1 was said 




dfesE? 



One or Two Huge Windmills 



about it at the moment, Colonel Briggs told us afterward that 
his one desire was to beat the 306th ashore, so that ours might 
be the very first one to arrive. How he did hustle and crowd 
the men onto those narrow decks ! 

Finally every one was on board, and the 
lighter moved off a good ten minutes ahead of 
the other regiment. The upper decks of the 
great Leviathan, towering above us, were 
crowded with sailors, soldiers and nurses, wav- 
ing hats and handker- 
chiefs. Then the band, 
which had been reserved 
a special place, broke out 
into music, and to the 
strains of "Good-by, Lit- 
tle Girl, Good-by," the 
304th bade farewell to the 
splendid ship which had 
brought us so safely on 
our perilous journey. One 
man was seen to kiss the 




The Ship Came to Anchor 



49 




tips of his fingers and reach out and touch the steel side as we 
moved away, and to say quietly, "Thank you !" He expressed 
what we all felt. 

As we neared the shore, the band burst into "La Mar- 
seillaise," which brought 
cheers from the sailors on 
French boats that were ly- 
ing in the harbor. And 
finally, when we pulled into 
feJ^^^^rL. >> tne dock, the soldiers and 
■ 3Wr ~ stevedores on the shore 

Kiddies Were Everywhere , , 

were brought to attention 
by the strains of "The Star-Spangled Banner." There was a 
thrill about it all that was new to most of us. 

Then the regiment was formed on the street by the pier, 
and we began a long, hard march. The men, softened by their 
eight days' confinement in close quarters, were carrying heavy 
packs, winter overcoats, rifles, a hundred rounds of cartridges, 
and canteens full of water. The road lay up an exceedingly 
steep hill through the town. The sun overhead was hot. But 
Colonel Briggs had his own idea's about the good or ill im- 
pression made by the appearance of a regiment, and he ordered 
the march to be made at attention, so with the band playing 
a lively tune we stepped off briskly and started up the road. 

Little boys and girls swarmed about our feet like so many 
beetles, running, jumping, shouting, begging for money, and 
trying desperately to keep step with the band. Crowds of 
people gathered to watch us pass, and for the first time we 
were conscious of the utter absence of young men and the pre- 
dominance of mourning. There was no hilarity of enthusiasm, 
but the faces of the people were earnest, often almost prayer- 
ful. Occasionally a woman would be seen quietly weeping as 
she watched the troops go by. It was a tremendously moving 
experience. The whole significance of our being there seemed 

5o 



to dawn on us at once, and many a man found it hard to choke 
back the tears. 

Others were troubled less with sentiment than they were 
with fatigue. The packs were so heavy, the sun was so hot, 
the overcoats were so hopelessly out of place, and the hill was 
so long and steep, that after a while men began to drop out 
of line and to sit, half exhausted, on the curb. Every one 
wished that the Colonel would call a halt, but he kept on, ap- 
parently oblivious to everything except getting to the top of 
the hill. One little urchin, after marching beside him for a 
minute, reached up and slipped his hand into that of Colonel 
Briggs. The latter looked down and smiled, and went on, 
leading the youngster along with him. He was intent, just 
then, not on the feelings of the men in his column, but on the 
feelings of the French people. He wanted them to know that 
here was a regiment, well-behaved and friendly, that meant 
business, and he intended that we should march through Brest 
as if we had come with a purpose. 

At length, the city passed, the column came out on top of 
the hill into a road that led through beautiful fields which were 
decked out in the full glory of spring. Here, at last, the wel- 
come order was given: "Halt! Fall out for fifteen minutes' 
rest." In an instant the 



packs rolled off the men's 
backs like Christian's bur- 
den at the foot of the 
cross, and every one was 
presently stretched out at 
full length on the ground. 
It had been so long 
since we had seen any 
grass or flowers that it 
seemed as if we must be 
in heaven. Camp Upton 




The Boys Were More Bold 



51 



had been a barren place at best, and when we left it was hardly 
out of the grip of a long, hard winter. But here in France 
the grass was long and luscious, the trees had put forth their 
leaves, the shrubs were in blossom, and flowers were bloom- 
ing gayly by the wayside. Little girls came up to us as we 
sat resting, and offered us tight little fistfulls of tiny flowers 
they had gathered. The boys were more bold, and promptly 
asked for cigarettes. 

"Mais tu es bien trop petit (You are much too little)," said 
an officer to a youngster of perhaps seven years. 

"Ah," replied the boy, "C'est pour mon pare (it's for my 
father) !" 

The little rascals ! They learn to. smoke as soon as they learn 
their A B C's. 

The rest at an end, packs were shouldered again and the 
regiment resumed its march. After a mile or two on a level 
country road, the column turned and proceeded up a lane 
toward a large gate which opened in the middle of a great 
stone wall. It was the Pontanezen Barracks, once used by the 
soldiers of Napoleon. We marched through the gate into a 
great yard where a throng of curious soldiers gathered about 
to see who the new arrivals were. 

"Loosen up! Give us a tune!" they yelled when they saw 
the band. 

So the band played as we came to a halt. And then, after a 
few moments' wait while the organization commanders re- 
ceived their instructions, the men were marched to their sleep- 
ing quarters and the officers went to their tents, and, glad to 
be for the present at least at the end of our journey, we pre- 
pared for our first night on French soil. 




Destroyers 

52 




CHAPTER IV 

TRAINING AT CAMP DE SOUGE 



Pontanezen Barracks was supposed to be a rest camp, and 
every one was looking forward to a chance to recuperate 
after the fatigue of the voyage and of the exhausting hike 
from the docks. But the term "rest camp" was a misnomer. 
To begin with, the men's bunks were impossible. They con- 
sisted of wooden frames with slats set about five inches apart, 
and trying to sleep on them without mattresses was like try- 
ing to sleep on some ancient instrument of torture. Then, 
cooking facilities were very poor, and the mess sergeants had 
great difficulty in preparing decent meals. Worst of all, for 
some men at least, was the order which came through requir- 
ing the 304th to furnish several hundred men for construction 
work on the docks at Brest. Those who were unfortunate 
enough to be selected for that detail spent the best part of 
their "rest period" at the hardest kind of manual labor. 

Nevertheless, those at 
the camp had considerable 
recreation. Thanks to the 
Y. M. C. A., athletic facili- 
ties were abundant, and we 
had a number of good base- 
ball games. Both officers Inside the Gates, Pontanezen Barracks 

53 




and men got up teams and played the other organizations 
in the camp. Over in front of the officers' tents riotous games 
of indoor baseball were played, in which every one, from 




Pontanezen Barracks 



Colonel Briggs and Colonel Kelly down to the junior second 
lieutenants, took part. Besides these" sports, there were hikes 
which took the men out through the surrounding country, and 
they found it a real recreation to march along the roads and 
through narrow lanes, flanked on either side by green banks, 
or to sprawl during the halts in the beautiful fields, most of 
which were enclosed by peculiar earthen fences overgrown with 
vines and shrubs. The country was fresh and green, the air 
soft and balmy, and the villages and people were new and in- 
teresting. 

On Tuesday, May 7th, our journey to some training camp 
was to begin, and at three o'clock in the morning we were 
routed out of our blankets and told to prepare to move. In 
the pitch dark, made denser by a thick fog, we packed our 
belongings and ate a hasty breakfast, and by 6:30 we were 
on the road marching toward Brest. 

Arrived at the railroad station, we found our trains await- 
ing us — trains the like of which none of us had ever seen be- 
fore. They consisted chiefly of little four-wheeled French 

54 



freight cars, so tiny that they looked like toys. On the side 
of each car was painted the legend "Homines 40, Chevaux 8, 
en longue (40 Men, 8 Horses, lengthwise)." It was hard for 
the men to believe that they were actually expected to travel 
in those "cattle cars," alongside which the ramshackle coaches 
of the Long Island seemed like. Pullmans. But such was the 
case. By crowding in on the rude wooden benches which 
served as seats, forty men were compressed into each car. 
Lying down had evidently not been taken into consideration 
by the authorities who planned the trip. A few men were for- 
tunate enough to be put into second- and third-class coaches, 
but the vast majority traveled "Hominies forty," as they called 
it. The officers, in accordance with French custom, were pro- 
vided with ancient first-class compartments. 

All that day and night, and all through the next day and up 
to midnight, the three trains bearing our regiment rolled south- 
ward. Occasionally there were stops where one could get out 
and stretch one's legs, and at two or three stations French 
coffee, horribly bitter and black, was served from huge cans 
on the platforms. The meals consisted chiefly of canned 
corned beef and "bully beef," and butterless bread. There 
was plenty of it, but the diet was one to which the men had 
yet to become accustomed. 
Sleep, for a great many, 
was out of the question, 
and although every one 
enjoyed the interesting 
and beautiful country 
through which we passed, 
it was a weary lot of sol- 
diers that responded to 
the order to detrain when, 
about midnight on May 
8th, we reached the little 




" Hommies Forty " 



55 




village of Bonneau, a few miles outside the city of Bor- 
deaux. 

There we were met by Major Sparks, who, accompanied 
by Sergeant Smart, of 
Supply Company, as in- 
terpreter, had left Camp 
Upton ahead of us and 
come over as advance 
agent to prepare the way. 
With the Major for guide, 
the regiment marched 
along the dark, wet roads 
for what seemed an in- 
terminable distance (in 
reality it was less than 
three miles) to where 
we were to undergo a 
course of training in ar- 
tillery work. A wooden arch over the entrance bore the sign 
"Camp de Souge," and for the first time we knew the name of 
our destination. 

After a few hours' sleep, the men were up and at work 
getting the barracks in order. These were low, wooden build- 
ings with concrete floors, well ventilated and equipped with 
electric lights. The bunks were solidly made wooden cots 
which, when covered with straw-filled bed sacks, were more 
comfortable than any beds the men had seen since coming 
into the army. The camp was arranged with the officers' 
quarters and mess-hall, as well as the hospital, down near the 
entrance; and then a single long street flanked by double rows 
of barracks reached straight out through a sandy plain to the 
Y. M. C. A. hut, the school buildings, and the Camp Com- 
mander's office at the farther end. A new section, occupied 



Entrance to Camp de Souge 



56 



temporarily by Chinese coolies, extended to the left from the 
end of the street. 

Those Chinese coolies 
were a novel feature. They 
were supposed to be doing 
the labor on the roads and 
unfinished buildings, but 
their method of work 




urn 

Chinese Coolies Were a Novel Feature 




was, to say the least, peculiar. They would saunter past the 
barracks in the morning carrying umbrellas, bird cages and 
musical instruments, as well as a few picks and shovels. Ar- 
rived at their place of labor, they would sit around and talk, 
while occasionally some of the more ambitious would get up 
and shovel a little dirt. 

"These Chinks," 
wrote one of our 
men in a letter, 
"can get more rest 
out of a shovel 
than I can out of a 
feather bed." 

About four in 
the afternoon they 
would come past 
again on their way 
to their quarters, 
bearing in their Some of the More Ambitious 

57 





hands chickens, bunches of onions and all sorts of vegetables, 
and singing weird songs in a shrill monotone while they made 

the most hideous noises on their 
ridiculous instruments. 

It was not until after we had 
reached Camp de Souge that we 
learned that our four-point-sev- 
ens had not arrived in France, 
and that, in place of them, our 
regiment, like the 305th, was to 
be equipped with the famous 

French 75 millimeter gun. 
Machine Gun School ' ~" 

Moreover, not only the 304th 
but the 306th as well, with their big howitzers, instead of the 
tractors and motors for which they had been organized and 
trained, were to have horses. This meant, for us, not only the 
unlearning of all the knowledge we had acquired about motor 
transportation, and the development of a school in horseman- 
ship, but the complete reorganization of the whole regiment. 
Pistols were to be substituted for rifles. Instead of three bat- 
talions, we were now to have but two, of three batteries each, 
and new tables of organization called for changes all through 
the regiment. 

Nevertheless, to overbalance these difficulties, there was the 
good news that a complete equipment of 75's was ready for 
us. At last we were to have real materiel to work with, and 
should be compelled no more to resort to the "simulation" 
which had characterized our training at Camp Upton. After 
a few days' rest, therefore, an eager lot of soldiers entered 
with a will upon the hard grind of the artillery school. 

The first two weeks were spent almost entirely in gun drill. 
Both officers and men were divided into gun sections and put 
through a rigid course in all that pertains to sighting, loading 
and firing the marvelous little piece of which the French had 

58 



been making such deadly use all through the war. Aside from 
going through the motions, every one was required to study 
the mechanism of the gun. The construction of the 75 is 
extremely simple : much of it can be taken apart and put to- 
gether without the use of a single tool, and every one was de- 
lighted to be handling so perfect an instrument, and eager for 
the time when the regiment should be considered proficient 
enough to begin actual firing. 

This time arrived in short order, for on Saturday, May 18th, 
word was given out that on the following Monday work on 
the range would commence. The batteries which had made the 
best record in the preliminary drills and tests were to be the 
first to fire, and this honor was accorded to Batteries E and C. 
On Sunday they dragged their guns by hand through the 
sand to the great champ de fir ( firing field), where, after put- 
ting the pieces in position, the cannoneers camped for the 
night. 

On Monday morning the officers piled into trucks and were 
taken out to their stations in two of the observation towers. 
From these points of vantage they could see to right and left 
of them a long series of such towers, in one of which the 
officers of the 305th were assembled. About a hundred meters 
in front stood the guns, their crews busy with preparations for 
the morning's work. Beyond lay the vast field — a sandy waste 
on which stood a few groups of pine trees and a number of 
white panels, some of which represented vaguely houses and 
a church or two, but most of which merely marked the trenches 
which had been dug for use as targets. 

Presently the instructor of the Second Battalion gave out 
the first problem, which was to adjust the fire of the four guns 
on a certain group of trees. The object was not to hit the 
trees, but by "bracketing" them, that is, by placing the shots 
first beyond them and then on this side, and by getting the 
bursts at the right height from the ground and at the right 

59 



distance apart, to determine just what steps would be necessary 
in order to demolish the target if that should be required. This 
primary information gives the "base deflection," which, once 
established, serves as a guide in solving each successive problem 
thereafter. 

Captain Perm, whose battery was to be the first to fire, 
gave his orders through a telephone operator at his elbow, 
just as he would do at the front, to Lieutenant Martin, the 
executive officer in immediate command of the guns. There 
was a moment of quick activity on the part of the cannoneers 
as they carried out the directions and slammed the shells into 
the breeches. 

"Ready to fire, sir," reported the telephone operator. 

"Fire!" ordered the Captain. 

"Fire !" repeated the operator. 

There were four flashes and four loud reports. 

"On their way!" called the man at the 'phone. 

Every officer raised his field glasses and peered at the group 
of trees. Presently four little puffs of white smoke appeared 
in a row just beyond the target, as the shrapnel burst in the 
air. The first round of our career had been fired! 

All morning long the guns of the two regiments banged 
away. Each battery commander in turn, and each battalion 
commander, had an opportunity to fire a problem and then to be 
criticized by one of the instructors. Some of the lieutenants, 
too, had their turn, and each officer tried to profit by the mis- 
takes and the good points of his predecessors. 

For the men at the guns it was, as one of the gunners wrote, 
"a red letter day. At last," he says, "after all our long months 
of 'intensive' training we have finally fired a shot. And it is 
some sensation to be seated on the gunner's seat when those 
75 's begin to roar. Most every one was a trifle nervous at first, 
but this soon wore off, and at the conclusion every one acted 
like veteran cannoneers." 

60 



The instructors agreed with this last statement, for during 
the entire morning, although the work was new and exciting, 
not a single error was made by the gun crews in carrying out 
the orders given them, and Captain Perin and Captain Bacon 
were congratulated on the fine work of their men and of the 
executive officers. 

Before another week had passed every battery was having 
its turn at the firing, and every officer was given the opportunity 
to acquire the knack of quick decision, accurate calculation and 
clearness in the giving of orders. Often they made mistakes 
— sometimes big ones — but the instructors, who were French 
and American officers that had seen service at the front, were 
very patient and very encouraging, and it was not long before 
every one was gaining confidence and skill. 

Those gun crews which were not on the range were always 
kept busy at their drills. Great emphasis was laid on this 
practice with un-loaded pieces, for it was essential that the 
men acquire speed and accuracy in shifting the guns about, 
adjusting the sights, and performing all the functions of their 
office. To stimulate competition, a contest was held every Sat- 
urday, in which all the batteries went through the same series 
of problems. Their time was kept with a stop watch, and 
after each problem the instructors would check up what had 
been done to see whether the work had been exact as well as 
rapid. General Rees promised that the battery in the brigade 
which established the best record during the training should 
fire the first shot when we got to the front. Battery E led the 
304th at the start, but Battery C climbed gradually to the top, 
and at the end of the course their cannoneers were pronounced 
champions of the brigade. 

Meanwhile the horses had begun to arrive. Here many a 
man who had not qualified as an expert cannoneer had op- 
portunity to show what he was worth. A good many of the 
last increment of recruits we had received before leaving Camp 

61 



Upton, as well as some of the up-state New Yorkers, were 
farmers and accustomed to horses. Without them the task of 
getting the regiment ready for -the front would have been 
enormous. It was often amusing to see some of the city- 
bred boys, many of whom hardly knew a horse from a mule, 
standing at arm's length trying to groom the hind, legs of a 
nervous quadruped, and ready at any moment to dive beyond 
the reach of the animal's heels. Even those who, by their ex- 
perience on farms or in livery stables, knew something about 
horses were not versed in army methods, and instruction had 
to be given from the very bottom in the elements of grooming, 
feeding, riding and driving. 

While the cannoneers were being drilled and the drivers 
taught their business, all the specialists were receiving a 
thorough schooling. One group was given a course in wire- 
less telegraphy, including not only the transmission of mes- 
sages, but the art of signaling by divers means to airplanes. 
Telephonists were taught everything connected with the oper- 
ating, construction and repair of field telephones, the laying of 
wires and the setting up of exchanges and switchboards. 
This work- is of incalculable importance in the field. Drafts- 
men were busy in the school of topography, map-making and 
the drawing" of panoramic sketches. 
Mechanics were studying the fine 
points of the guns, so as to be able 
properly to repair and 
care for them. A sec- 
tion of each battery was 
detailed to the machine 
gun school, in order that 
enemy airplanes might 
not come too close, and 
that, in the case of an at- 
tack, the men might be 




tiU./tk-Jg? 



Not Versed in Army Methods 

62 



protected while getting their guns out of position. Then there 
were the non-commissioned officers who had been designated to 
study the uses and dangers o£ poison gas : they were to serve 
as instructors to their comrades, and to have general charge of 
the gas defense at the front. An inconceivable number of spe- 
cialists such as these are necessary to every artillery regiment, 
and ours were all busy from morning till night. This included 
the ever-present buglers and drummers who made the hot 
afternoons mournful with their melancholy rumblings and 
tootings. 

The officers were even busier than the men. Out at the 
range every morning from seven-thirty till twelve, they spent 
their afternoons in studying such all-important subjects as 
orientation, which is the science of being able to locate one- 
self and to determine the exact position of one's whereabouts 
on the map. The purpose of this is not so much to keep front 
getting lost as to enable an 
officer to figure his firing 
data with a map when he 
has no means of observing 
the shots. Then there were 
classes and lectures on 
camouflage, liaison, mate- 
riel, the construction of 
gun emplacements and dugouts, 
and all the hundred-and-one 
subjects which an artillery of- 
ficer is supposed to know. Nor 
did the evenings bring them a 
rest, as it did to the men, for 
if there were no lectures in the 
school the battalion command- 
ers inaugurated little classes of 
their own, and many an evening 

63 




A Corner of Bordeaux 



found a group of weary lieutenants sitting in Major Devereux's 
room staring at a blackboard, or reclining in chairs in the moon- 
light outside Major Sanders's quarters listening to criticism and 
opinions and suggestions on the work of the day. 

Presently the gas masks arrived, and the absurd but neces- 
sary drill in the use of these inventions of the devil was inau- 
gurated. Of all the helpless, suffocating, strangling sensa- 
tions known to man, there are few to be compared with the 
first attempts to wear a gas mask. After the first day's drill 
Colonel Kelly remarked, "If ever a gas shell explodes when 
I am around, I can see nothing for it but to lie down as near the 
spot as possible, take a few deep breaths, hold my identifica- 
tion tag up in my hand, and wait patiently for the end !" Af- 
ter a little practice, however, we all got used to them, and 
soon we were having relay races and baseball games with those 
hideous things strapped to our faces. 

It was a great disappointment to us all when, early in June, 
Major Sparks was taken away from us and assigned, with the 
rank of lieutenant-colonel, to the 17th Field Artillery. In 
his command of our regiment during the absence of Colonel 
Kelly in the fall Of 191 7, he had won the respect and affection 
of officers and men, and in his work at Camp de Souge he had 
shown exceptional skill in the use of artillery. But no one 
could grudge him his promotion, especially as the regiment 
to which he was going" was already at the front. ■ 

Shortly afterwards Colonel Kelly, who was at the time away 
with a large detail of men buying horses for the brigade, was 
also transferred, and, as it happened, to the same regiment 
as the Major. He had made so many friends among us, and 
had done so much while he was in command to build up the 
esprit de. corps, that his going, too, was a great disappointment. 
The men who were with him at Montargis on that horse de- 
tail still maintain that they never had a commanding officer 
like Colonel Kelly. But he went with the full rank of colonel 

64 



to take command of a regiment, and we could not but wish 
him joy in the prospect of immediate service on the firing line. 
With all the strenuous labor of the school, some form of 
recreation was an absolute necessity. For the officers it con- 
sisted chiefly in week-end leaves to Bordeaux or to the sea- 
shore resort at Arcachon, where they found relaxation in a 
change of scene and air and in the good dinners which were 



C BF E 



SORDEAUX 



J 




Week-end Leaves to Bordeaux 



to be had at the restaurants. For the men, overnight leaves 
were forbidden, but those who earned good-conduct passes 
were allowed to go to Bordeaux in the morning and come back 
at night, while a great many spent their leisure hours wander- 
ing through the countryside, sitting in the woods, dining in 
the fascinating little inns with which those villages abound, or 
buying souvenirs in the shops. Because of the hot weather 
and the physical fatigue, athletics were not popular. The men 
preferred to spend their free time in loafing. 

In the camp itself the Y. M. C. A. had, at first one and later 
two, well-equipped huts. There the writing-tables, books and 
magazines, canteens, entertainments, lectures and band con- 
certs attracted great numbers of the men every evening. Es- 
pecially was this true when shows of our own concoction were 
on the boards. Considerable talent was unearthed which had 
never been suspected in Camp Uptpn, and all three regiments, 
as well as the Ammunition Train, contributed their share to 

65 




Dining in Fascinating Little Inns 



the enjoyment not only of onr own troops, but also of the bri- 
gade of regulars who about the middle of June replaced the 
Chinese in the east end of the camp. 

Because the 304th was midway between the two Y huts, 

both of which were 
crowded to capa- 
city, the Chaplain, 
during the first 
week of our stay in 
Camp de Souge, 
secured an empty 
barrack in the 
midst of the regi- 
mental area, where 
a recreation room was opened. It soon became known as the 
"Chaplain's joint.'' With the cordial cooperation of the Y. M. 
C. A. authorities, writing tables and benches were installed, a 
branch canteen was established, and a small library was put in 
circulation. Unfortunately no piano could be obtained, so that 
no entertainments were held there; but the band gave a con- 
cert once a week, and every evening the canteen did a thriving 
business, while the tables were always well occupied by men 
writing letters or reading or having a quiet game of checkers 
or dominos. 

In this same building a communion service was held every 
Sunday morning - . This was well attended, not only by the 
Protestants of our own regiment, but by a good many from 
the other organizations in camp. At the Y. M. C. A.'s too there 
were always morning and evening services, conducted by the 
two Protestant chaplains. For the Catholic men, masses were 
said by Chaplain Killian, of the Ammunition Train, and Chap- 
lain Sheridan, of the 305th. The latter had his services at a 
little out-door rustic chapel built by the French. The ready 
response to these opportunities for religious devotion on the 

66 



part of the men was an indication of the seriousness of mind 
which, because of the separation from home and the approach- 
ing move to the battle front, was steadily growing upon them. 
The feeling of separation from home was augmented by the 
slowness and irregularity of the mail service. Letters from 
America were few and far between. The post office, which 
occupied a small room in the front of the Chaplain's build- 
ing, was besieged with men asking questions about the probable 
arrival of mail and the causes of the delays. The mail ser- 
geant, Charles McDerrnott, who knew no more about it than 
any one else, became so unpopular that he had to close the win- 
dow in his office to prevent people from poking their heads 
in and telling him what they thought of him'. Then, at length,, 
the mail truck would stop in front of the building and dump 
off several great sacks of American letters. They would be 
seized and dragged inside, where the mail clerks, behind locked 
doors, would sort the precious cargo, and in an amazingly 
short time every battery and company would be the scene of a 
wild scramble as the first sergeant stood and called off the names 
of the fortunate. 

The scarcity of mail was 
partly responsible for a gen- 
eral feeling of homesickness 
which began to take posses- 



The Canteen Did a Thriving Business 
6 7 




sion of a great many of the men. For some strange reason the 
idea spread that we would never go to the front, that the war 
would be over in a few weeks, and men began to speculate and 
even to bet on the possibilities of our being home by early fall. 
Some of the soldiers persisted in this attitude even after the 
terrific German offensive started on May 27th. On the map 

which hung on the wall in the 
Chaplain's building was a row of 
pins which marked the battle line. 
The fact that these pins shifted 
daily, and always backward to- 
ward the Marne, opened the eyes 
of some, but there were others 
who hung about in little groups 
and talked about going home un- 
til it seemed as though something 
ought to be done to check it. 
The battery commanders talked 
with their men and pointed out 
the power of the German drive 
and the necessity for heroic ef- 
forts on the part of the Allies, 
and especially for speed on our 
own part if we did not want to 
be too late to help save the cause from defeat. The Chaplain, 
with the enthusiastic backing of the commanding officer, had a 
regimental service one Sunday in which the whole issue was put 
very squarely, and an appeal was made to the men to put aside 
their thoughts of home and to throw themselves heart and soul 
into the work of preparation. All these things had their effect, 
and the slump, which, though it had been general throughout 
the brigade, was merely a temporary reaction, gave place to a 
new spirit of eagerness and impatience to get through with the 
training and get into action. 




Captain Mahon 



The final event in the course was the firing of a night bar- 
rage by the entire 152nd Brigade. The regiments went out 
to the range one afternoon late in June, and, putting their guns 
into position, prepared their camp for the night. The line 
of the supposed infantry trenches was indicated to the regi- 
mental commanders, as well as the place in front of the trenches 
where the curtain of protecting fire was to be 
laid down when it should be called for. No one 
knew what the hour would be, but all prepara- 
tions were made to be ready to fire at an instant's 
notice. Each battery was assigned its definite 
field of fire, the guns were laid, and, supper 
eaten, the men lay down to sleep. 

Suddenly, a little after midnight, the 
peculiar shriek of a certain compressed air whis- 
tle, used at the front as a gas alarm, burst on 
the silence of the night. It was the call for a 
barrage ! Instantly every officer and man leaped 
to his feet and darted for his post. Within a 
. few seconds the first gun went off with a roar, 
and immediately the whole line was ablaze with 
the fire of seventy-two guns, while the space out 
in front of the "trenches" was lit by the bursting of shrapnel 
and high explosive shells. After a few minutes the order was 
given to cease firing, and all was silent again. Three times 
during the night this was repeated, and by morning the men 
felt almost as if they had had a taste of real war. 

By the end of June the course was finished. After that 
there were one or two hikes to give the drivers and cannoneers 
practice in handling the guns on the roads and in bringing them 
into action as in open warfare, but the great event of those last 
days was the Fourth of July parade in Bordeaux. 

In this celebration the firing batteries of the whole brigade, 
as well as a good many other troops, both French and American, 

69 




were to take part, and on July 3rd the 304th set out with horses 
and guns for the city. It was hard work, for the weather was 
hot, the roads were dusty, and, above all, the drivers were 
green. It is no small task for inexperienced men to get a 
team of six horses, with gun and limber, around a sharp turn, 
and for the first few miles it looked as if some of the guns 
might be ditched. Colonel Briggs, himself an expert in all 
that pertains to horses, waited at every corner to watch the 
batteries go by, and to make suggestions to the drivers. With 
the faults at the head of the column he would be very patient. 

"Let go your off horse, my man. Just drive the horse you're 
on; the other will follow along. That's it. Don't touch him!" 

But by the time the sixth battery came past and the drivers 
were still making the same mistakes as the first, he would be 
ready to commit murder. 

"Let go that off horse!" he would roar. The poor driver, 
terrified by this sudden command from some one he had not 
noticed beside the road, would promptly do the wrong thing, 
and dropping the reins of his own horse, would begin to be- 
labor the other. 

"Do you hear what I say? LEAVE THAT OFF HORSE 
ALONE! You've got enough to do to drive your own. 
DROP THAT REIN !" 

After a few experiences of this kind, however, the drivers 
began to learn, and on the return trip, two days later, the 
guns rounded the corners as if they had been running on 
tracks. 

At evening the three regiments came to an immense field 
which, before the war, had been a fashionable race course. 
There the shelter tents — familiarly known as "pup tents" — 
were set up and a camp was established. By the time the place 
was in order and the horses groomed, the battery kitchens had 
supper ready. Sitting on the clean turf, the men enjoyed a 
restful meal as they watched the lanterns and kitchen fires 

70 



twinkle in the summer twilight. By dark a tired lot of soldiers 
were rolled in their blankets asleep. 

Next morning at an early hour we were on the road again 
moving toward Bordeaux. On reaching the city we found the 
streets lined with people, and as we approached the center of 
town the crowds became more and more dense. The side- 
walks were jammed, and at every window and on every bal- 
cony enthusiastic men, women and children were waving flags 
and shouting their welcome. All along the line of march the 
troops were greeted with cheering: not the perfunctory hand- 
clapping of the usual Fourth of July celebration, but the warm, 
joyful welcome of a people who were thoroughly glad to see 
these new additions to the armies that were fighting in their 
behalf. Through the narrow streets, out into the square 
where, by the reviewing stand and about the great monument 
in the center, thousands of citizens were massed, the whole 
feeling seemed to be what one often heard expressed in those 
days: "There are the American soldiers who have come to 
save France !" 

After the parade the men and officers had the rest of the day 
to themselves, and they found plenty of amusement in and about 
the city until, in groups of threes and fours, they made their 
way to the tents for a good night's sleep before the long hike 
back to the training camp. The whole experience had been 
well worth while, and all who took part felt that our stay in 
Camp de Souge had reached a fitting end. 




71 




CHAPTER V 

ON THE LORRAINE FRONT 

While we were wondering 
where the brigade was to he sent, 
and whether, like the regiments 
which had preceded us in Camp 
de Souge, we should be kept 
around the base section for an 
extra month or two, the news 
somehow filtered in that we were 
to proceed direct to the front. 
It was with no little excitement, 
therefore, that we began to en- 
train at Bonneau on Tuesday, 
July 9th. 

Now that we had our full 
equipment of guns, wagons, horses, mules, rolling kitchens and 
carts of all descriptions, it was necessary to split the regiment 
up and give each battery a train to itself. On the first load 
went the regimental headquarters and the Headquarters and 
Supply Companies, while the batteries, beginning with D, fol- 
lowed on behind. When it came to getting the horses and 
mules into the box cars there was a circus. Some of the mules 
had to be blindfolded and led in circles, and then suddenly 
backed into the train. One group of stallions had kicked a hole 
through the side of their car before the train left the station. 
Captain Kempner worked for half an hour with a mare who 

72 



had simply made up her mind that she was not going. Finally 
she landed in a heap on the floor of the car, on top of Sergeant 
Cote, who had her halter. At length, however, the first train 
was loaded and on its way, and the others followed in order 
during the next two days. 

This journey was very different from the last. "We're 
traveling in comfort," says a letter written on the train. 
"There is no comparison between this and the trip from [Brest] 
to Bordeaux. For one thing they have the field kitchens 
mounted on flat cars, so that the cooks can prepare real meals 
and serve them hot. For another thing, having all the wagons 
and vehicles along makes more space — things and people aren't 
crowded together so. And then the men are more used to 
roughing it anyhow." The flat cars made splendid observation 
platforms, on which the troops rode for hours at a time, looking 
at the beautiful French landscapes and breathing deep the fresh 
summer air. "We have been climbing through hills, passing 
quaint villages, old mills with their wheels turning by beauti- 
ful ponds, one superb chateau with Maxfield Parish towers 




Getting the Mules into the Box Cars 

73 




rising out of a wood, field after field of golden wheat, ready 
for harvest, often with scarlet poppies glowing in the midst of 
the grain. Flowers everywhere — golden-rod in full bloom! 
And thistles and purple asters ! Butter- 
cups and pink clovers and daisies ! No — 
it's not New England. There's a farm 
house and a barn built wholly of gray 
stone with a mellow, red-tiled roof, and 
funny two-wheeled carts in the barnyard. 
It's Europe, after all! ... It all seems 
so far removed from war. Here we 
are, rolling toward the front (trundling 
would be a better word for the gait of 
these trains), and yet my imagination cannot see beyond this 
perfect peace of God's beautiful world. Yet, at the last sta- 
tion we passed a carload of German prisoners going the other 
way !" 

After two days' travel we found ourselves coming into French 
Lorraine. We had known vaguely that we were booked for 
that part of the front, and although we knew that it was not a 
very active sector there was a certain thrill in feeling that we 
were at last getting into a region where actual war conditions 
prevailed. As one of the 
men writes : "A spirit of 
eagerness and curiosity 
took possession of us all. 
It was so strange, so quiet, ^■^y/ 
The very air seemed to be i l|Hk| 
filled with impending ex- 
citement, but, as may have 
been expected, nothing ex- 
traordinary happened. 

About 8:30 P.M. we Captain Kempner Worked for Half an 
reached Luneville. The Hour 

74 





Entraining at Bonneau 



town was completely in darkness, and we were told that an air- 
raid occurred the previous evening. This all added to the sup- 
pressed excitement and every one was on his toes as we rumbled 
into the station." 

There was but a short stop in Luneville, for the end of our 
journey was not there but in Baccarat, a town lying a few 
miles to the south, famous in times of peace for its glass in- 
dustry. 

The first train reached Baccarat on the morning of the 12th. 
Colonel Briggs and Lieutenant Martin, who had become act- 
ing Adjutant when Captain Sullivan was sent away to the Staff 
College, at once went out to look over the situation. The in- 
fantry of the 77th Division, whom we had not seen since they 
left us at Camp Upton, were already in the lines, and we heard 
that they had even then suffered some unpleasant casualties 

75 



from gas and liquid, fire. There had been very little active 
warfare in the sector since the early fall of 1914. At that 
time the Germans had found that their easiest access into 
French territory was through Belgium, and the French, giving 
up their long-cherished hope of reconquering German Lor- 
raine by the sword, had been obliged to put their whole effort 
into stemming the tide of invasion in the north. Ever since 
then this particular part of the front had been used by both 
forces to train new troops for battle, and to give those who 
had been worn out by more strenuous work in other sectors a 
chance to rest without being actually out of the lines. Never- 
theless the Germans had a way of keeping track of what troops 
were opposing them, and when they found a new American divi- 
sion on the ground, they tried all their tricks to harass and 
discomfit them. 

Our infantry held a line which, roughly speaking, passed 
through St. Martin, Domevre and Ancerviller. The 153rd 
and 154th Brigades had each one regiment in the front line and 
one in reserve. Our regiment was assigned to support the 
153rd Brigade, whose commander, Brigadier-General Witten- 
meyer, had his headquarters in the little village of Merviller. 

Thither Colonel Briggs went and, establishing himself in the 
town with Captain Kempner, who was to be the operations of- 
ficer, Lieutenant Martin and Chaplain Howard, he conferred 
with the brigade commander and looked up the positions the 
batteries were to occupy. 

The usual arrangement of an artillery regiment in the field 
is as follows : There is, first of all, an echelon (a French term 
meaning literally "step"), situated far enough in the rear to 
be near the source of supplies and as free as possible from the 
danger of shelling. There the horses and wagons are kept, 
and the various organizations maintain their offices and their 
principal base. There the Supply Company is located, and the 
food is brought each day and put in a large dump, whence it 

76 




ALSACE-LORRAINE 



is distributed among the batteries. The post office and per- 
sonnel office are there and any other part of the regiment which 
functions for the whole body but is not immediately necessary 
to the fighting units. 

In advance of the echelon, at some central place where easy 
communication can be established with all parts of the regi- 
ment, are the regimental headquarters. Here the colonel and 
his adjutant have their office; here the operations officer re- 
ceives the orders for battle and apportions to each unit the part 
it is to play; here the central telephone exchange is set up, and 
the sergeant-major, with his force of clerks and messengers, 
handles the general work of receiving, transmitting, sending' 
and filing all orders which go in or out — a task which later was 
performed by a "message center" detail. 

The Headquarters Company is usually located somewhere 
near the regimental headquarters. They furnish the orderlies" 
and runners, telephone operators, draftsmen, radio experts, and 
whatever special details may be called for. Each department 
of the work is under the supervision of a lieutenant. 

Farther out toward the front, as near as possible to the gun 
positions, are the battalion P. C.'s, or posts of command. 
There the majors and their adjutants live and work. They have 
with them specially trained officers and men from the Head- 
quarters Company who handle the telephones, wireless out- 
fits, map drawings and the all-important messenger service. 
There is also a sergeant-major with each battalion who is, like 
the regimental sergeant-major, a sort of office executive. A 
first aid station under the charge of a surgeon is maintained 
"in connection with each battalion headquarters, so that these 
organizations are quite independent and self-sufficient. 

The battery positions are located in places which afford good 
opportunities for firing both into the enemy's lines and also im- 
mediately in front of our own infantry lines. The latter fire 
is to protect the front trenches in case of an attack by the enemy. 

77 




But in addition to a good field of fire, the gun positions must 
have what is called defilade, that is, they must be so located 
that the enemy cannot see the flash or the smoke of the guns 
when they fire. The moment a battery's loca- 
tion is definitely known to the enemy its useful- 
ness is minimized, for both men and guns 
■ "t : '#i are na bl e to be wiped out by counter-battery 
-^VM^',1^^ ^ re- Positions are usually chosen, 

therefore, on the rear slope of a hill 
or in a gully, screened if possible 
by trees, and affording an easy 
place for the construction of 
trenches and dugouts. The latter 
are important to shelter the men: 
they are absolutely essential to 
furnish a comparatively safe place 

Positions Are Chosen . , , . 

for the battery commander to 
work at his maps and firing data, and for the telephone operator 
to keep at his switchboard and maintain communications with 
the executive officer at the guns as well as with the battalion 
and regimental P. C.'s. 

Out beyond the battery positions are the forward observa- 
tion posts. These may be in a screened position on the for- 
ward slope of a hill, or up among the branches of a tree. Some- 
times they may be in rear of the guns, but always they must be 
where the observation officer can see and report the effects of 
his battery's fire, or discover new targets for the artillery to 
work upon. 

All these various places are connected by telephone lines, 
which must be laid as soon as the regiment goes into position, 
and must be kept in working order every minute of the day 
and night at whatever cost. 

The Medical Detachment maintains, as has been stated, a 
first aid station with each battalion, and in addition furnishes 

78 



a first-aid enlisted man to each battery. Its headquarters 
are wherever the regimental surgeon happens to live — some- 
times at the echelon, sometimes at regimental headquarters, 
often with the Headquarters Company. 

This brief description of the usual layout of a regiment in 
the field will make clear a good many allusions as the story pro- 
ceeds, for, save in the last great drive, where the rapidity of 
movement did not permit such elaborate preparations at each 
new position, the same general scheme was followed through- 
out all the fighting in which the 304th took part. 

In placing his regiment in the Baccarat sector, Colonel Briggs 
put the echelon in a wood some distance back of Merviller. 
The regimental headquarters and the Headquarters Company 
were in the village itself, where the Colonel was in constant 
touch with the infantry brigade commander. Major Sanders 
with his First Battalion detail was established in Reherey, a 
little to the north, with Batteries A, B and C on the hill in 
front, some distance apart. Major Devereux took his bat- 
talion still farther north, and, placing his batteries near a 
road which ran parallel to the front lines, took up his head- 
quarters in the village of Hablainville. 

The first battery to move into position was D. Before the 
last of the regiment was detrained in Baccarat, Captain Mahon 




Forward Observation Post 

79 



had received his orders, and on Saturday night, July 13th, 
his train of guns and caissons left the echelon and proceeded 
through Merviller and off to the left until they came to the 
position which had been selected. It was a splendid position, 
right in the very middle of a field of wheat. The guns were 
sunk in pits so that their muzzles barely protruded above the 
ground. There were communicating trenches and dugouts al- 
ready well started by the battery which had just been relieved, 
and the whole emplacement was covered with a single wire net 
into which had been entwined enough bits of green burlap to 
make it blend in with the wheat. From the road, only forty 
meters away, no one would have guessed, unless well versed in 
detecting camouflage, that there was a battery anywhere near. 
That first move out to the front, for each battery in turn, 
was a thrilling experience. From beyond the hills, whose 
outlines could barely be distinguished against the dark sky, 
there arose, in constant slow progres- 
sion, a series of signal lights. Now 
and then a rocket would rush up into 
the sky and bursting would mingle its 
shining fragments with the stars. Oc- 
casionally a brilliant red or white flare 
would blaze out, illuminating the land- 
scape, as the infantry, suspecting the 
presence of an enemy patrol in No- 
Man's-Land, sought to prevent a sur- 
prise. Here and there a 
chain of blue stars would 
rise majestically above the 
hills and then vanish into 
the darkness overhead. 
Rarely one could hear the 
boom of a gun or the dis- 
tant popping of rifles. 




luoiiriuiK 
Telephone Men in Action 



80 




In the Baccarat Sector 



Just as one battery was coming into position there burst directly 
overhead a white flare which lit up the scene as if a searchlight 
were being played 



upon it. The star- 
tled cannoneers and 
drivers thought that 
their end had come, 
and expected any 
minute to have a 
rain of shells de- 
scend upon them ; 
but the flare died 
out and all was 
quiet as before, and the guns were placed without accident of 
any kind. 

There was considerable excitement to know who was to fire 
the first shot. According to the agreement at Camp de Souge, 
that honor should have fallen to Battery C. But Colonel 
Briggs found that the 305th, who had arrived ahead of us, 
had already begun to register their guns, and so he decided 
that D Battery, which was the first to be ready, might just 
as well go ahead. Accordingly, on Sunday afternoon, July 
14th, Captain Mahon went to his observation post, and, select- 
ing a prominent landmark within the enemy's lines, calculated 
his firing data and telephoned his orders for laying the guns 
to Lieutenant Eberstadt, his battery executive. The first piece 
only was to fire, and the gun crew, under Sergeant Ruggiero, 
in a matter-of-fact way, but nevertheless with a little inward 
flurry, followed the directions given them and slammed the 
shell into the breech. 

"Ready to fire," announced the section chief. Lieutenant 
Eberstadt repeated it to the telephone operator, and they waited. 
Presently from the dugout came the operator's voice: "Fire." 

"Fire !" commanded the Lieutenant. 
81 




lUfMBVEOt.*! 
Lieutenant Graham Mounts His Charger 



With a quick pull of the lanyard there was a loud report; 
the gun leaped on its carriage as the "whee-you-whee-you- 
whee-you" of the departing shell sped over the hill. The 

304th had fired its first 
shot of the war! 

"What do you think 
you hit?" asked the 
Chaplain, who happened 
to be standing by. 

"Don't know, sir," re- 
plied one of the men, 
"but I hope we hit the 
kaiser!" 

If Battery D had the 
best position, Battery E 
probably had the worst. They were right out in an open field 
with practically no screen of any kind except the brow of the hill 
in front. Whoever had dug the emplacements had piled all the 
dirt in plain sight, and it was evident to any one passing along, 
let alone to the aerial observers who flew about each day, that 
there was a gun position there. Captain Perin said that his 
one hope was that the enemy, seeing so palpable an emplace- 
ment, would conclude that no one would be fool enough to put 
a battery in there ! He at once had his men begin work on a 
new emplacement farther back on the edge of a wood, but it 
was not finished until just as the regiment was about to leave 
the sector. 

However, the old one did very well, for there was little or 
no shelling. Two or three times some shots came 'over and 
struck fairly close to both E and F, but the only actual casualty 
we heard of was a cow, killed on the street in Hablainville that 
first Sunday morning. The infantry, who were constantly 
doing patrol duty, and who were called on to carry out and re- 
pel not a few raids, sustained some losses, but from their whole 

82 



stay on the Baccarat front the artillery came out scathless. 

Nevertheless the work was exceedingly profitable as a train- 
ing" for the regiment under real war conditions. The greatest 
precautions were observed, just as if we were on the most ac- 
tive front. No names of places or organizations were ever 
given over the telephone, nor any official titles used. Every 
one had to learn to guard his language, and to express his mean- 
ing in such a way that an enemy, listening in, would be unable 
to understand the drift of the conversation. 

Sometimes the camouflaged language was very amusing. 
Major Sanders one day was in Colonel Vidmer's headquarters, 
and was there told that a certain raid, which he was to have 
supported by fire from one of his batteries, had been called off. 

"I'll have to telephone Captain Bacon," he said. Then, as 
soon as he had got the connection, he proceeded, "Bacon ? This 
is Sanders. You remember those securities you were to de- 
liver this morning to underwrite 
that little deal we were going to 
put through? Well, the deal is 
called off. . . . How about what ? 




We were Learning the Game of War 




Entrance to a Dugout 



yes, that holds good. And Bacon, I believe you still have a sum 
tied up in a safe deposit vault. Better get it out — that bank's 
not safe — invest it in that lumber company we were talking 

about this morning." 

"What in the world are 
you talking about?" asked 
the Colonel, as Major 
Sanders hung up the re- 
ceiver. 

"Why," replied the ma- 
jor, "I just told Captain 
Bacon that the raid for 
to-night was called off. 
He asked me if the nor- 
mal barrage remained un- 
changed, and I told him it 
still held good. Then I 
told hiifi to get an isolated gun out of an unsafe emplacement 
where he had it and put it in the woods !" 

Camouflage discipline was very strictly enforced. Colonel 
Briggs was so pleased with D's position, on account of its 
good camouflage, that he had an aerial photograph taken to 
demonstrate how well a gun emplacement could be hidden from 
observation. To his astonishment, the photograph showed 
plainly, in front of what was known to be the position of each 
piece, a little fine line extending forward for a few meters. On 
examination, it was found that the men had once or twice gone 
out to the aiming-stakes to find out what was the trouble with 
the little electric bulbs which are used in night firing. In those 
few trips, the men's feet had worn tiny paths in the wheat 
which would never be noticed by a passer-by, but which were 
plainly revealed in the airplane's photograph. It was a good 
lesson, and the men were taught that they simply must not walk 
anywhere around the guns except in well-defined paths which 

84 



had been known to exist before. If ever a new path had to be 
made, it was continued on past the position, so as not to show, 
by suddenly coming to an end, that it led to a battery. 

While we were not often fired upon, our batteries did a good 
deal of firing on the enemy. It was much like the work they 
had had at Camp de Souge, but there was the additional inter- 
esting feature that it was intended to inflict damage on some un- 
seen foe. In one man's diary we find the following entry: 
"Last night we were roused out of bed for some harassing 
fire. We fired four rounds at 12:10 and again at 12:20, and 
finally at 12 :55 Battery F cooperated. It was all very dramatic 
waiting in the stilly darkness for the word over the phone which 
would let loose the fire of death against some unknown enemy 
that we can't even see." 

One night, when no one was expecting it, a terrific barrage 
burst loose from Battery B. Colonel Briggs could not find 
any one who had authorized the firing, and he made an investi- 
gation. Captain Doyle summoned a man who had been on 
guard, and who was reported to have seen a red rocket, which 
at that time was the prearranged signal for a barrage. 

"Did you see a rocket last night about eight o'clock?" asked 
the captain. 

"I did, sor," replied the guard with a fine brogue. 

"What color was it?" 

"Well, sor, 'twere not white; an' 'twere not red — that is, not 
so red as the rear light av a train. 'Twere more rose!" 

Further investigation proved that the guard was quite cor- 
rect: a rose rocket had been sent off at that time — but it was 
a German rocket! 

As far as real war went, our stay near Baccarat was not 
very exciting. The farms and villages were all inhabited, and 
while we tip-toed about and kept out of sight, the French peas- 
ants, both men and women, went placidly about their work in 
the fields, and hoed their potatoes or reaped their wheat right 

85 



alongside our guns. But they were earning their livelihood: 
we were learning the game of war, and what we learned 
in those three weeks was to be of infinite use to us later on 
when we got to where the fighting was heavy and the danger 
great. 

The most spectacular thing we saw was the airplane fights 
in the sky above us. Hun planes came over every day, and 
as soon as one appeared we would hear the booming of the 
French anti-aircraft guns trying to drive it away. Indeed 
that sound was usually the first warning we had that planes 
were overhead. Bloom — bloom — bloom — bloom! When it 
burst high in the air shrapnel had a 
peculiar sound which was unmistakable. 
Every one would run out to look — very 
foolishly and strictly against orders — 
and there in the sky could be seen a 
plane surrounded by an ever-increasing 
number of little white clouds where the 
shrapnel had burst. Sometimes an Al- 
lied plane would give chase, and then it 
would be like watchinsr some fascinating 




game. The two planes would swoop and dive, and there would 
be the rattle of machine guns as they pumped away at each 

86 



other, and then one would suddenly dart off and disappear 
from sight. 

In the middle of July the Germans began their last desperate 
drive toward Paris, and as the news reached us those first two 
or three days of their steady gains, we wondered whether, af- 
ter all, the Hun would not succeed in breaking through. We 
knew that he could not win the war even if he did break through, 
for American troops were pouring into the country and taking 
their places in the lines with constantly increasing force; and 
yet we feared for the Allied morale if Hindenburg should ever 
reach Paris. 

Then came the news of the French and American counter- 
attack of the 1 8th. At Chateau-Thierry they had smashed 
the apex of the German salient, and on the sides toward Sois- 
sons and Rheims they were driving in like an immense pair of 
pincers threatening to cut off the Boche if he did not withdraw. 
Then came that tremendous thrust which hurled the Germans 
back, back, away from the Marne, away from Paris, and our 
men were wild with desire to eet into the real same. 




CHAPTER VI 



HEADED FOR THE UNKNOWN 



Toward the end of July came the word that we were 
presently to be shifted to a more active sector. There were 
rumors that our destination was to be Italy, where some Amer- 
ican troops were already being sent, but every one hoped with 
all his heart that it might be our lot to go into the thick of the 
fighting in France or Flanders. 

On the night of Thursday, August ist, our positions were 
taken over by a French battalion which, worn out with ter- 
rific battles in the north, had been sent to Baccarat for a rest. 
The infantry was relieved by the 37th American Division, 
and we were glad to know that we were not again to be sepa- 
rated from them. The 77th Division had begun to feel its 
unity, and although the different branches of the service had 
by no means perfected the art of cooperation, a certain esprit 
de corps was beginning to make itself felt, and we had no de- 
sire to have it interrupted. 

On this occasion we had our first experience of taking the 
regiment on the road at night. Most of the batteries got out 
of their position without any mishap, but Battery A, just as 



the drivers were hitching the horses to the guns, was startled 
by the sudden grinding of a Klaxon : the gas alarm ! 

"Gas !" shouted the officers. 

"Gas! gas!" yelled the men, as they struggled to get their 
masks on in the dark. Soon every one was masked. Then, 
"Put the masks on the horses!" ordered the Captain, and a 
wild scramble took place to get those queer-smelling bags out 
of the cases which hung under the horses' muzzles, and to slip 
them over the animals' noses and fasten the straps. It was 
Bedlam let loose. Nobody could see in the dark through his 
mask, and they all stumbled over each other and over the guns 
and barked their shins and fell into the gun pits, until Captain 
Lyman, lifting his nose clip and sniffing the air, discovered 
that there was no gas at all ! 

"Gas masks may be removed," he cried, taking off his own, 
and presently order was restored and the guns were moved 
out in peace. 

Battery A's little farce, however, was mild compared to 
the circus parade of that first night march. To begin with, 












'Gas! Gas!' 



8 9 



the French artillery was moving in on the same road on which 
we were moving out. Our drivers had not yet learned to keep 
well to the right of the road, and the French are notorious for 
spreading themselves. One of our organizations would be 
held up for a moment, causing 



a break in the line, and in- 
stantly a French column would 
butt in and get us all tangled 
Wagons, piled high with 
boxes and bundles, got pushed 
off the road into the 
ditch. Horses stepped / 
over t h.e i r 




Men Beean to Fall Out 



seventy-five new stallions, which had been delivered to us two 
days before, squealed and pranced and backed all over the 
road, while the Frenchmen jabbered in their unknown tongue 
and our own drivers exhausted their vocabularies of profanity. 
Colonel Briggs, as usual, was everywhere at once. Riding 
90 



along the column he would see a traffic congestion, and would 
at once leap from his horse and dive into the midst of the tur- 
moil. His quick eye would soon diagnose the cause of the 
trouble, and his mind and hand never lacked for a remedy, 
and presently the mess would untangle itself and the column 
would proceed. Once he had just straightened out one driver's 
difficulty and was about to mount his horse when another, a 
few paces farther back, not knowing who he was but only see- 
ing that he was a friend in need, called out, "Hey, Buddie, 
come over and give me a hand, will you?" 

At length, after two or three hours of unutterable confusion, 
we got through the town of Baccarat and started on our way. 
The men who had to travel on foot soon showed their lack of 
training in the gentle art of hiking. Tender feet began to 
blister, and unused leg muscles became tied up with cramps. All 
along the roadside men began to fall out and sit down. There 
was a ten-minute rest after every fifty minutes of marching, 
and it was, of course, against orders to drop out without per- 
mission, but in the intense darkness it was impossible to keep 
track of everybody. The men, who believed that as members 
of a regiment of horse artillery they should either be mounted 
on wagons or on horseback, were shameless about it. They 
were tired, they were blistered, they were sore, and they didn't 
care who knew it! Eventually those who sat down joined in 
with other batteries as they came along, and some of them 
managed to beg rides on trucks 
or wagons, so that by the end 
of the hike the whole regiment was 
present. 

But it was a weary night. Shortly 
after sunrise a very tired and discour- 
aged crowd of soldiers dragged them- 
selves into a wood, and, after putting 
the horses on picket lines, sank down a Weary Night 

91 




to the ground without stopping to get out their blankets. By 
seven-thirty it had begun to rain, but few men had the energy 
to rouse themselves and put up shelter tents. They lay where 
they were, in the open, and let it rain. 

There was another night of marching, in which the order and 
discipline were much better ; but the hike was very exhausting 
and the hours dragged on interminably before there were any 
signs of the journey's end. Morning came at last, however, 
as we passed through Bayon and pulled into a splendid wood 
whose clean open fields seemed just meant for tents. More- 
over, there was a river nearby for watering the horses and 
for bathing. The news that we were to stay for several days 
was received with gratitude, and from Saturday, August 3rd, 
until Tuesday, the men really enjoyed themselves. There was 
work to be done, of course, but there were also leisure hours, 
especially on Sunday, and we basked in the sun and bathed in 
the river, and lay around taking it easy. Sunday morning 
many of the men walked to a nearby village to attend church, 
while others went to the Chaplain's service in the woods; and 
on Sunday afternoon, to our astonishment, a truck drove in 
and deposited a load of American mail. 

On Tuesday, August 6th, Colonel Briggs received orders to 
take his regiment to a place called Einvaux, where trains would 
be waiting to move the troops to their next destination. What 
that destination was he did not know: he was to start under 
sealed orders. 

That night we marched some twelve kilometers to Einvaux 
and entrained. This was a very different operation from what 
it had been at Bonneau, for the men knew now how to put 
their horses and wagons into the cars. There was little or no 
confusion, in spite of the fact that the work had to be done in 
the dark. Quietly and steadily they went about their business, 
and train after train was loaded and sent forth on its mysterious 
way. 

92 




I 



s 




HEADED FOR THE UNKNOWN 



Where were we bound ? No one knew. One thing only was 
sure: with the present state. of affairs at the front it was un- 
thinkable that our division, now fairly well schooled in the 
principles of warfare, should not be 
sent where fighting troops were nee< 
As the first train bowled along 
through the country, one man got 
out his compass 




Another Night of Marching 



to discover what general direction we were taking. All day 
long the train rumbled toward the west — toward Chateau- 
Thierry and the region where the fighting was thickest — and 
soon after dark we came to a station called La Ferte Gaucher, 
situated on one of the tributaries of the Marne River. There 
we detrained, and, marching northwest, reached a group of 
villages in the neighborhood of Rebais. Some in billets and 
some in the fields, the batteries found their stopping places, 
and inasmuch as Colonel Briggs' instructions did not carry him 
any farther, the regiment, with headquarters established at 
St. Leger, settled down and awaited developments. 

While we were in that region a new officer came to take com- 
mand of the 152nd Brigade. General Rees, who had com- 
manded us for more than six months, had been relieved just 
before we left Baccarat, and in his place came Colonel Manus 

93 



McCloskey. The latter had just led the 12th Field Artillery 
through the terrific fighting of the Allied counter-attack at 
Chateau-Thierry, where, as part of the 2nd Division, it had 
done splendid work, and it was in recognition of his able serv- 
ices that he had now been given a brigade and was to be made 
a brigadier-general. 

On Saturday, the 10th, there was a bustle of preparation 
throughout the regiment. The wagons were carefully re- 
packed, the rolling stock was all examined and put into good 
shape, such horses as needed it were shod, and finally the tents 
were struck, and the packs rolled. About sundown the various 
units came out on the roads and the long column started on 
its momentous march toward — toward what ? 

We were headed north, but just what that meant no one 



P& i '% 



J)\ I \Mll»il,R 




rV.'w 









Atj«.«, v i 



The Wagons Were Repacked 

94 



could fully grasp. We were coming to a jumping-off place 
where we must take a leap in the dark into something utterly 
unknown. There was a general feeling of curiosity and of sup- 
pressed elation. Big things lay ahead of us, and they loomed 
large in our imagination as we tried to compass with our minds 
the significance of this strange new venture. 

By this time the men had learned how to march. The 
column moved evenly along the right-hand side of the road, and 
the gaps which had been so evident on the first night hike were 
far less frequent. The feet of the unmounted men had become 
toughened, and their packs were better rolled and better ad- 
justed. The whole regiment was able now to be content with 
the ten-minute halts for rest, and to travel a considerable dis- 
tance without too great fatigue. It would hardly be true, 
however, to say that the men did not get tired. To start after 
one has been working all day, and ride a rough-gaited horse 
or drive a four-line team, or walk with a fifty-pound pack ©n 
one's back throughout the night, is quite enough to tire any 
normal man. The long waits which so often occur on the roads, 
when no one knows the reason for the delay nor how long it is 
to last, add an element of irritation which inevitably increases 
the drain on physical and nervous energy. It would seem as 
though the mounted men and drivers 
had by far the best of it, but when the 
end of the journey comes and the 
guns are parked and the wagons 
rolled into place, these men 
have to look after their 
horses and mules and 
put away the harness be- 
fore ever they can think 
of attending to their own 
needs and comforts. As 
a matter of fact, though 




We Were Headed North 



95 



each man is tempted at times to envy some one else's lot, there 
is no one who does not have his full share of drudgery and labor, 
and there is no one who is not tired out when the night's work 
is done. 







A Warm Sun Lured Many to the River 

The first stage of our journey toward the great unknown 
brought us in the intense dark of a cloudy night to a forest 
road on which, shut in by overhanging trees, the blackness 
could almost be felt. Groping their way about, the men finally 
got their horses tied up, and without waiting to put up tents, 
threw their blankets on the ground and fell asleep. 

Morning revealed the fact that we were in the grounds of a 
beautiful chateau on a hill overlooking the Marne River. Some 
of the officers had discovered the chateau the night before and 
had crept in and slept on sofas or on the soft carpets ; but most 
people were lying in the tall wet grass which grew in abun- 
dance all about the place. It was Sunday, and aside from the 
necessary work which must always be done, the day was spent 
as a day of rest. A warm August sun lured many to the river, 
where they took off their clothes and bathed and swam about. 
The 305th and 306th regiments were encamped near by, and 

96 



the stream was fairly alive with men. One can imagine the 
relief it brought to tired and dirty bodies to plunge into the cool 
water and then come out and sit in the sun. A great many lay 
down under the trees that afternoon and slept until word was 
passed around, "Everybody up! Roll your packs; we start 
right after supper." 

The march of the night of August nth was one that we shall 
never forget. Pulling out of the chateau grounds, we moved 
along parallel to the river for a while, and then turned to the 
left and went straight for the historic town of Chateau- 
Thierry. As we made our way along a wide avenue flanked 
with handsome dwellings and beautiful shade trees, it was 
hard to realize that we were actually in the place where the 
French and Americans had hurled their first terrific counter- 
attack across the Marne. Rut as we got farther into the city 
itself we could begin to see, in the darkness, the scars of battle. 
There were houses which had been wrecked by shell- 
fire ; there was a general atmosphere of disorder ; and there 
was a certain indefinable odor which we noticed there for the 
first time, and which came afterward to be associated in our 

minds with destruction and 

death. 

Arrived at the center of the 

town, we found ourselves on 




Crossing the Marne at Chateau-Thierry 

97 



the famous bank of the Marne. The old bridges had been de- 
stroyed, but a pontoon bridge had been constructed, and on 
this we crossed. Our progress through the city had been de- 
layed by a freight train which cut in between batteries as the 
column was passing the railroad and stood for a half hour di- 
rectly in the way. The result was that we were holding up 
the entire brigade on the road behind us, and Colonel Briggs 
was anxious to get over as fast as he could. He sat on his 
horse by the bridge head and urged 
every organization as it came along to 
make as great speed as possible. Some 
of the horses were frightened and 
balked, and one mule fell into the water, 
/hence it took considerable time and 
trouble to extricate him. But at 
last the regiment had passed 
over, and leaving the town 
1W X we started up the hill on 
the northern bank. 




^JV/CS^ 



Slowly We Plodded Our Way 
98 



As we reached the crest of the hill we looked to the north, 
and there, on the far horizon, was a continual play of what 
looked like heat lightning. We watched the flashes come and 
go, and gradually the significance of it dawned on us : we were 
looking toward the battle front, and the flashes were the 
flashes of guns and flares and rockets where at that very mo- 
ment good American troops were struggling with the Boche 
for mastery of the hills beyond the Vesle! 

Fascinated as we were by the sight, it was necessary to look 
sharp about us, for we were passing now over roads where 
recently the fighting had been intense, and there yawned be- 
neath our feet shell holes and mine craters which must be com- 
passed with great care by the guns and vehicles. Slowly we 
plodded on our way, through shattered villages and wasted 
fields which brought us from time to time that unmistakable 
odor of death. After toiling up a long and difficult hill over 
the roughest of country roads, we came at last to a clump of 
woods where the order was given to park our guns and pitch 
camp for the rest of the night. 

On waking up in the morning we found that we had been 
sleeping on a veritable battle field. In the thick underbrush 
about us were innumerable little pits, half covered with 
branches, where Boche machine guns had been planted to pour 
their deadly fire on the French and American troops as they 
advanced up the hill. One man found that the little mound . 
of earth he had used for a pillow was a grave. Nearby was 
another grave with no mound whatever over it, and the feet 
of the corpse were sticking out of the ground. Everywhere 
scattered over the hillside were the things which the Germans 
in their retreat and the Americans in their pursuit had thrown 
away to lighten their burdens in the furious running fight, 
— rifles and ammunition, blankets by the score, helmets, can- 
teens, cartridge belts, and every conceivable object the rid- 
dance of which might make for freer, faster movements. It 

99 



was a dismal place, and yet it had a morbid fascination for 
the men, and they spent hours rummaging through the woods 
and looking for traces of the battle. 

As we took the road about dusk that night we realized that 
we were coming close to the front, for in the gathering dark- 
ness the lightning in the sky to the north became more and more 
vivid, and we could from time to time hear the rumble of guns. 
Red flares blazed up and threw a lurid glow half-way across 
the heavens, and then died down again, leaving the sky black 




Ten Minute 



save for where that constant flicker of light showed where the 
battle was raging. 

Late in the evening we began to pass a stream of troops 
coming back from the front. They were a part of the 4th 
Division, which was being relieved by the 77th after several 
weeks of terrific fighting through the Chateau-Thierry drive. 
First came a regiment of engineers, stumbling along over the 
shell-torn road, grumbling as they went. "I don't know what 
ailed them," writes an officer in his diary, "but I never heard 
such a lot of growlers. . We all remarked it. Doubtless they 
were tired out. One man stopped right alongside my horse 
at a halt, leaned over and vomited. Then, in a matter-of- 

100 



fact, disgusted way, he 
exclaimed, 'God-damned 
gas !' and went on his 
way." 

After the engineers 
came the infantry. They 




Halts for Rest 



cursed us softly from time to time for being in the way, and 
for being mounted while they had to travel on foot. They 
overlooked the fact that at least half of our men were plodding 
along with packs like themselves. Especially were they irri- 
tated bv presence of a band. 

"Look!" they cried, one after another, as they passed. 
"These guys have got their band with 'em. You won't need 
any bands up there, Buddie — you'll get all the music you want !" 

But at our halts they stopped and chatted with the artillery, 
told them wondrous stories of their adventures with the Hun, 
and wished us joy. "Give 'em hell!" was the slogan all along 
the line. "Go to it! They'll need all the guns you've 

IOI 



got to blast those damned Bodies out of the hills across the 



Some time after midnight we passed through the skeleton- 
like ruins of Sergy, near Fere-en-Tardenois, which, as an im- 



Ajjiffi ^ ^f%& 




nwwirt. 
Klaxons Screamed the Alarm 



portant road center, had been one of the main objectives 
in the Allied drive. The streets were deserted save for an 
occasional M. P. on a corner, and the rattle of our wheels and 
the clatter of horses' hoofs on the pavement resounded with a 
ghostly racket which contrasted sharply with the deep rumble 
of the distant cannon. 

Bearing off to the east for a short distance, we turned sharply 
to the left and began a long, steady climb up into the Nesle 
Woods. Arrived at the top of the hill, the regiment halted 
while the foremost battery turned in from the road, bumped 
along under the trees for a while, and then unhitched their 
horses and prepared to camp. The other organizations fol- 
lowed in turn, and after considerable maneuvering among the 
stumps and ditches and holes, we were all settled for a sleep. 



We had hardly begun to doze when suddenly there was a 
terrific report which sounded very close, and at the same time 
an enormous white flare burst over the edge of the woods and 
floated down among the trees. A dozen Klaxons screamed the 
gas alarm. Every one was up in an instant, and the cry of 
"Gas! gas!" could be heard on all sides. Fumbling in the 
dark we pulled out our masks and put them on, and then there 
was a rush for the picket lines to get the horses protected. 
Hardly had this been done when Major Sanders's voice was 
heard above the din, "Gas masks may be removed!" Some 
of the battery commanders, before repeating the order to their 
men, despatched their gas sergeants to the Major's tent to find 
out what was up. "False alarm!" was the report. So we 
took off our masks and lay down again. 

Within a few minutes there came again the rasping of a 
Klaxon, and immediately every guard in the camp began to 
sound the alarm once more. This too was found to be false. 
Major Sanders, who was in command that night in the absence 
of the Colonel, gave orders to the officer of the guard that no 
alarm was to be sounded without an express command from 
the gas officer, Lieutenant Keller. 

But fear of this dreaded device of the Hun overcame even 
the Major's orders, and within an hour one of the guards, 
hearing a gas alarm way down in the valley, thought it his 
duty to warn the camp first and get his authority afterward, 
and turning to the tree where his Klaxon was mounted, he 
seized the handle and ground away for dear life. By this 
time every one was exasperated, and yet no one was quite sure 
that it might not be a real alarm, so for the third time the 
whole camp was roused. 

"Put that man under arrest!" shouted the Major. "Officer 
of the guard, arrest that man ! There is no gas whatever in 
these woods!" 

Then at length the alarms were at an end. The men lay 
103 



down again, and this time they slept soundly until the sun 
was well up in the heaven. 

When we looked about us in the morning, we found that we 
were near the edge of the woods on the crest of a hill. Be- 
low us in the valley lay the little village of Mareuil-en-Dole, 
through which ran the main road from Fere-en-Tardenois to 
Fismes. All about us among the trees were shallow trenches 
which had been used by the infantry when the battle passed 
that way. Machine gun emplacements were also numerous, 
and there were a few rude shacks which had once been used 
by the Germans for officers' quarters and as stables for their 
horses. The smell which we had noticed all along the way 
from the Marne was here overpowering. We had been nause- 
ated by it the previous night when we moved in, and when day 
came the cause was not far to seek : within a few yards of us 
were a number of dead horses. Indeed, the whole countryside 
was littered with them, and although our men were immediately 
started on the happy task of giving them decent burial, the 
stench they made had permeated the ground and the air, and 
during our whole stay in the sector it was part and parcel 
of the atmosphere we breathed. 

Along with the dead horses must be mentioned the flies. 
France is not noted for 
its good sanitation even 
in peace times; and dur- 
ing the war towns and 
villages abounded in filth 
where flies throve and 
multiplied. Added to 
the swarms which came 
from such places were 
myriads breeding wher- 
ever troops had lived or 
battles had been fought, 




Eating- Was Never a Pleasure 



104 



and in the Vesle sector they were so thick as to be almost un- 
bearable. Even with the best of food, eating was never a 
pleasure. The worst little railroad restaurant in America is a 
paradise of cleanliness* so far as flies are concerned, compared 
with mess time in those woods. Not until night fell was there 
any peace ; and even in the dark the slightest touch on the under 
side of the shelter tent brought down a buzzing shower of 
flies. 

After our experience with the flare on the previous night, 
and with the sound of aerial bombs which had seemed so close 
at hand, we wondered whether we were not by this time nearly 
to the front. At first we were told that we should probably 
make one more move forward, but the following day the Colonel 
brought us word that, for the present, the Nesle Woods was to 
be our echelon, and that the batteries would go into position 
immediately. On August 15th, shortly after supper, B Bat- 
tery's guns were on their way. and before the night was over, 
all the firing batteries had taken over the positions of their 
predecessors. The long-expected day had arrived: at last we 
were on the real firing 1 line ! 



105 



iFispp^jjaaKon SPffffH 





CHAPTER VII 



ON THE VESLE FRONT: FERME DES DAMES 



In order to appreciate the events of the next few weeks, 
one must understand the situation which prevailed when the 
77th Division moved into the sector. In the early part of the 
summer, the Germans, starting north of the Aisne River, had 
made a terrific drive into the Allied lines between Soissons 
and Rheims. With seemingly irresistible force, they drove 
toward Paris a wedge, the apex of which rested on the Marne 
River at Chateau-Thierry. On July 18th, the French, finding 
themselves attacked again in this vital spot, called on General 
Pershing for help, and, reenforced by a few American divi- 
sions, they hurled themselves on the front and flanks of the 
German salient, carried the Germans off their feet, and rushed 
them back from the Marne and across the territory they had 
previously taken. On August 4th they made a stand on the 
Vesle. For a while the lines were not stabilized, but in gen- 
eral, the front between Soissons and Rheims followed the course 
of the Vesle River. 

The sector we were to occupy had been held by the 4th Amer- 
ican Division. They had driven the Germans across the river 
at Bazoches while they themselves occupied the little town 
of St. Thibault on the south bank. Repeated attempts to get 

106 



across and take Bazoches had failed, because the Germans were 
not only in the town itself, but were strongly intrenched on 
the high hills beyond. There they had massed machine guns 
and artillery which completely controlled the river valley. 




Chery-Chartreuve 

At this time the fighting had been what is known as "open 
warfare," as opposed to "position" or "trench warfare." That 
is, the armies had been working through open country, and 
without stopping to construct any permanent infantry trenches 
or gun emplacements, had moved rapidly, taking advantage 
of such natural protection as was available to cover their 
maneuvers. 

When we moved into the sector, therefore, we found that, 
while the fighting had practically settled down into position 
warfare, we were expected to take over gun positions which 
were never intended to be anything but temporary. They were 
right out in the open (with the exception of Battery A's, which 
was in the edge of a wood), with no protection from shellfire 
except the flimsiest sort of dugouts, and no screening from 
aerial observation except camouflage nets on poles, which 
formed a sort of transparent tent over each emplacement. 
Thev were in full view from a half-dozen balloons which hov- 
ered above the German lines, and every man who approached 

107 



must have been plainly visible to the vigilant Huns. As soon 
as Colonel Briggs had looked over the ground with his battalion 
commanders, he asked to be allowed to select new positions for 
his guns; but for some reason it was denied him, and he was 
told to take for the time being the crude emplacements which 
our predecessors were turning over to us. 

Roughly speaking, our field of activity was a hillside, with 
woods on the west and along the crest at the north, the main 
road from Mareuil-en-Dole to Chery-Chartreuve at its base on 
the south, and the village of Chery-Chartreuve on the east. 
Well up the slope and right out in the open stood the Ferme 
des Dames, where the infantry regiment we were to support 
had its headquarters; and ranged about to the east and north 
lay our battery positions. E and F were close together, be- 
tween the farm and Chery-Chartreuve; D was a little farther 
north; B and C in front of the farm and just south of the 
edge of the woods along the crest of the hill, while A was in 
a point of woods which jutted out from the west. Major 
Devereux had his P. C. in a ravine behind his batteries, close 
by a battery of the 306th F. A.'s howitzers; and Major 
Sanders installed himself in a dugout in the woods behind 
Battery A. 

A few days were spent in improving the gun pits and dig- 
ging trenches and 
dugouts, for protec- 
tion, establishing 
observation posts 
and resristerins: the 



r^-jJKT^ guns on certain 
targets across the 
Vesle. There was 
little or no shelling 
by the enemy, but his airplanes 
were overhead nearly all the 
108 



J3£^M 




Ferme des Damesi 



time. They met with no opposition — we never did discover 
where the Allied planes kept themselves on this front — and the 
Boche aviators swooped low over our guns, took photographs, 
studied our movements, and made a thorough survey of the 
situation which boded ill for the security of our men. The bat- 
tery commanders knew that it was just a question of time be- 
fore the German artillery would cut loose. 

On the morning of August 19th, B Battery's cannoneers 
were at their kitchen in the woods west of the guns, when the 
first shock of real war was driven home. Without any pre- 
liminaries, a shell crashed into the midst of the group, and 
three men were struck — Corporal McCourt, and Privates 
Anderson and Houseman. They were given first-aid treat- 
ment by Private Prior of the Medical Detachment, and carried 
to the nearest surgeon. On the way to the dressing station, 
more shells began to fall, and Prior and Stewart, who were 
carrying Houseman, were both wounded. Houseman did* not 
live to reach the ambulance station, and Anderson died on the 
way to the field hospital — the first men to have their names go 
on our honor roll. 

The next morning, August 20th, it was C's turn. About 
nine o'clock several batteries of German artillery opened a 
concentrated fire on both B's and C's positions. The men all 
took refuge in dugouts or dodged into the woods, but suddenly 
the fire shifted from the gun emplacements right into the woods 
where a number of Battery C men, including Lieutenant Dodge, 
were located. As shell after shell whizzed and banged about 
them, they all jumped into little two-man "rabbit holes." 
Mechanics Angrisano and McConville were together in one 
hole, when Corporal Frey, who found he had not time to reach 
his own place, jumped in with them. Immediately there was 
a terrific explosion — a shell had plunged right in on top of 
them. All three were instantly killed. As soon as there was a 
lull Lieutenant Dodge, himself wounded in the chest, ordered 

109 



the men to scatter, while he walked down to the aid station 
to have his wound dressed. The battery never returned to 
that position. A detail went up that afternoon with Captain 
Bacon and the Chaplain to bury the dead, and that night the 
horses were brought^ up and the guns hauled out and taken 
over the hill to a new position in the woods on the forward 
slope. Battery B, too, moved away and found a better place 
considerably to the left. Lieutenant Gannon, on two succes- 
sive nights, returned with a single piece and fired from the 
old position — a task which required nerve on the part of the 
Lieutenant and his men. Aside from that, the place was de- 
serted. The camouflage nets were left so as not to show that 
the guns had departed, and for days a rain of shells was poured 
on them every few hours, until there was little to be seen but 
wreckage. 

The First Battalion headquarters came in for its full share 
of shelling, although there were no casualties. Directly be- 
hind Major Sanders's dugout was a battery of huge 155mm. 
rifles, and just in front of him was Battery C of the 306th 
F. A. with their howitzers. The Germans shelled both of these 
batteries consistently, and our men got the fringes of the fire. 
Shell fragments whistled through the trees and brought down 
showers of twigs and leaves, and at least one man, Private 
Hicks, was knocked down by an explosion close behind him. 
To add to the confusion, every time the great 155's, which 
towered up in the rear, let out their deep-throated roar, the 
concussion extinguished the candles in the major's dugout. 

Meanwhile the Second Battalion was having its troublous 
times. The ravine where Major Devereux's P. C. was located, 
was a center of attraction for the German artillery. Day after 
day and night after night they would begin at the lower 
end, where the 3o6th's howitzers stood, and sweep up the 
ravine with high explosives which drove everybody into what- 
ever underground protection was to be found. Particularly 

no 




THE VALLEY OF THE VESLE 




-t— * y r^* r 



disagreeable were the gas attacks every evening at supper 
time, which interrupted the meal and spoiled all the food. 

The batteries of this battalion, being farther out in the open 
than any of the others, trf'-^r 

were subjected to terrific 
fire, and the men were 
at a disadvantage in not 
having any woods at 
hand to which they could 
scatter. Moreover, the Out in the Open 

constant vigilance of the balloons and airplanes made it very 
difficult to get food to the cannoneers by day, while the hellish 
shellfire which swept the hillside every night made it extremely 
dangerous to carry anything to them after dark. Ammunition, 
of course, had to be brought, and Battery D's first casualties 
were four drivers, Yannini, Bryant, Claviter and Kalf, all of 
whom were caught under fire while bringing shells to the bat- 
tery. With several other men they had ducked under a fallen 
airplane for protection, when a shell struck the plane and ex- 
ploded the gasoline tank with terrible results : Yannini and 
Bryant died within a few hours ; Claviter, wounded in the hand, 
recovered eventually, but Kalf died in hospital. Sergeant 
Walters, of Battery F, who was with them, was killed in- 
stantly. 

While ammunition must be delivered no matter what the 
cost, food simply could not be brought in bulk to the gun posi- 
tions. The cannoneers had to watch their chances and sneak 
off to the kitchens in the woods, a few at a time, to get a hot 
meal and to carry back what hard tack and canned meat they 
could against the time when they should be unable to get 
away at all. Many a day they went hungry, and many an 
anxious hour did the battery commanders spend trying to de- 
vise ways and means of getting them fed. 

Each battery in turn had its baptism of fire, and then a re- 
iii 



baptism often repeated. One day no less than five successive 
times did the Germans concentrate a fire of gas and high ex- 
plosive on D Battery. For two of these attacks the men stuck 
to their posts, but during the other three they had to leave. 
Yet, save for the drivers before mentioned, this battery suffered 
no real casualties until September 3rd, when Sergeant Wein- 
hauer, in charge of an isolated forward gun, earned a citation 
for bravery. While he was firing on a German target, the 
Boche discovered his position and began to shell it. The enemy 
fire became so hot that the Sergeant ordered his men to scatter. 
Lying alongside the gun were some shells which had been fused, 
ready for firing. It is against orders to leave such shells about 
because they are liable to explode, and Weinhauer knew that 
to leave them there would endanger the gun. So, while his 
men obeyed orders and rushed for safety, this section chief 
remained behind alone to unfuse the shells. Disregarding his 
own danger, he performed his task; but as he turned to go a 
German shell burst at his feet, shattering' both his legs. He 
was taken to a dressing station and from there sent to a hos- 
pital, but finally succumbed before ever he knew that his valor 
, .*■ had won him a place in the nation's list of 

heroes. 

Already F. Battery had 
lost two men by shellfire — 
Sergeant Walters, killed 
with Battery D's 
drivers, and Pri- 
vate Moserowitz, 
who was felled by 
a shell explosion 
on a road near the 
guns — but worse 
fortune was to be- 

A Shell Struck the Airplane fall them. There 

112 




had just been a reorganization of the officers, due to the fact that 
Lieutenants Pfaelzer, Washburn and Watson, together with 
numerous other officers, had been taken away from the regi- 




Our Men Got the Fringes of the Fire 



ment and sent back to the States to help organize and instruct 
new artillery organizations. Lieutenant Tweedy had been sent 
to help Captain Ewell, who was now alone with his firing 
battery. That very night, while the crew of the first piece 
was preparing to shoot some harassing fire on a road within 
the German lines, the customary evening callers began to 
drop in. The cannoneers were at their posts: they were all 
so accustomed to shelling by this time that they paid no par- 
ticular attention to the Pfzzzz-z-z-BANG! of one burst after 
another which plowed up the ground and threw chunks of earth 
all about them. The gunner, LeToile, was adjusting the sight, 
and Lieutenant Tweedy was leaning over his shoulder making 

ii3 



some suggestion; Hill and Robbins were standing at the trail, 
while Fatseas was stooping over to screw the fuse into a shell. 
Suddenly, with a roar that shook the whole battery, a German 
projectile tore through the camouflage net and burst right in 
the gun pit. Lieutenant Tweedy, his head covered with blood 
and his leg bruised so that he could hardly stand, struggled 
to his feet. Before him lay, Robbins, Hill and Fatseas, dead 
at their posts. Corporal Smith, blinded, for the time being, 
by a fragment that struck his eye, was groping his way about, 
and LeToile too was in need of surgical aid. Meantime the 
shelling continued, and it was difficult work to get the wounded 
down to a dressing station. Lieutenant Tweedy, who ap- 
peared to be the most seriously hurt, insisted that he was all 
right and for a while refused to let them carry him on a 
stretcher. The task was finally accomplished, however, with- 
out any further mishap, and then Captain Ewell ordered his 
men to evacuate the position. Next morning Lieutenant Nor- 
ris and the Chaplain went back with a detail, and the three men 
who had lost their lives were buried where they fell. Eleven 
graves scattered about that hillside will make the Ferme des 
Dames forever a hallowed place for the men of the 304th 
F. A. 

A curious part of this incident at F Battery was what hap- 
pened to the gun. The explosion which killed the cannoneers 
whirled the gun right out of its pit, and dumped it on the left 
of the emplacement, facing at a right angle to its original posi- 
tion, but right side up and absolutely unscathed. It seems in- 
credible that a projectile containing high explosive of such 
tremendous power could burst so close at hand, hurl a heavy 
gun out of its place, and still not injure the mechanism, yet 
such queer occurrences are not infrequent. 

The Chaplain can testify to that out of his own experience. 
One Sunday afternoon, as he was riding through the woods 
on the forward slope of the hill, returning from a service at 

114 



Battery C's new position, the Germans began to sweep the edge 
of the woods with "H. E." Inasmuch as the shots were not 
falling on the road, he continued on his way; but suddenly the 
Boche shifted their fire to the road, and before the Chaplain 
knew what was happening, a shell burst right beside his horse. 
He felt the hot blast in his face, and a shower of dust, and 
then found himself on all fours in the middle of the road, 
while the horse trotted back down the hill. Although the shell 
had struck within a few feet and had blown him out of the 
saddle, neither horse nor rider was scratched. Such miracles 
were happening every day. 

Not the least of the miracles was that, during all this time, 
Battery A in the woods, and Battery E in its more exposed 
position had had no casualties whatever. That this was not 
due to any lack of shelling is evident from the following 
extracts chosen almost at random from the diary of one of the 
cannoneers : 

Tuesday, August 20th: With two aeroplanes to observe for 
them the Germans opened fire on us and continued, on and off, 
all day. In the morning under fire digging officers' dugout. 
Lieutenant MacDougall called for volunteers to return fire 
under direct aerial observation, and all promptly volunteered. 
A rapid fire quieted the Hun for a while. Under cover of 
darkness, Brown, Corbett, myself and a de- 
tail were sent for some logs in 
the woods and ran into 
heavy fire. At 1 1 
o'clock we com- 
menced firing at 
the Huns. At 
about 2 a. m. we 
were gassed and 
had to work with 
masks on. . . . 




-, » — r «' =£!_ 

J- * S^^ 

The Shell Had Blown Him Out of the Saddle 
US 



Brown had a shell knocked out of his hand by a flying 
fragment. 

Thursday, August 22nd: About 7 a. m. Fritzy fired on the 
road to our left and certainly made some perfect hits. The old 
planes began to fly about and hell was loose again. . . . 

Tuesday, August 27th: At 4:12 a. m. we opened a rolling 
barrage of shrapnel. . . . After 79 rounds of this a normal 
barrage was called; 131 rounds of this was fired with shells 
flying overhead. Their firing became so heavy that we were 
compelled to leave the position. After fifteen minutes we re- 
turned and cleaned up. . . . About 6 p. m. was sent to new 
positions after Corporal Morrissey and his digging detail. 
Was almost hit by a German shell. Returned to gun, counted 
out enough shells for a normal barrage and fell asleep for 
a while. A very tough night for Brown, Clark, Potter and 
myself, all having chills, fever and diarrhea. 

After that strenuous day described by the writer, E's can- 
noneers were routed out at 3 140 a. m. to fire a barrage, and it 
was that morning, during the firing, that their first loss oc- 
curred. Every artilleryman who uses the French 75 knows 
that, when firing certain kinds of ammunition, the gun is liable 
to explode at any time. Every 75 cannoneer knows that, 
whenever a high explosive shell fitted with an "I. A. L." fuse 
is slammed into the breech, the pull of the lanyard may mean 
death for any or all of the crew. It was with full knowledge 
of this that Sergeant Buehl was standing by his piece during 
that barrage on August 28th. Number Two shoved a shell 
into the gun; Number One closed the breech and reached for 
the lanyard; Sergeant Buehl, with an eye on his watch to see 
that each shot went at the proper moment, said, "Fire !" The 
next instant the gun was a wreck, and the cannoneers were 
standing over the body of their Section Chief. It was no 
one's fault : it is a part of the game. Adolph Buehl, and every 
other man who has been killed by his own gun in action, is far 

116 




FIGHTS IX THE AIR 



more a hero, just because he knows the danger and disregards 
it, than many a soldier who is killed by a shot from the enemy. 
Mention has already been made of the German supremacy 
in the air on this front. Many of our casualties were due 
directly to the fact that the Boche planes were able to come 
over any time they wished and adjust the fire of their artillery. 
Not only did scout planes hover over our lines and battery 
positions and locate the vulnerable points, with never an Allied 
plane to drive them away, but time and again battle planes 
swooped down from the skies and attacked the American 
observation balloons, forcing the observers to take to their 
parachutes and often destroying the balloons. Sometimes 
Allied planes would come out and give chase, but they never, 
so far as we could discover, brought down the enemy. On 
one occasion a Boche plane appeared high in air when there 
were several Allied planes jetygi^ tg^ss^ «w*'*m 



about. Disregarding the 
anti-aircraft guns which 
threw a barrage of shrap- 
nel all around him, and 
the Allied planes which 
pursued, the German avi 
ator made a sudden di 
for a balloon. Like 
thunderbolt he droppec 
head on, as if the machine 
were out of his control, 
while thousands of sol- 
diers looked on cheering. 
Then, with a sudden 
swoop, he shot out past 
the balloon, poured a rain 
of machine gun bullets 
into it, and sped off. The 



mm* 



hi, n^L^S^bM^ 



Changed Their Positions for Better Safe- 
Guarding of Both Men and Guns 
117 



balloon burst into flames, and as it sank slowly to the ground, the 
Boche, with several Allied planes at his heels, made straight 
for another balloon, destroyed it as he had the first, and with 
incredible skill and daring escaped from his pursuers and dis- 
appeared toward the German lines. 

But while our batteries were suffering casualties and being 
obliged, one by one, to change their positions for better safe- 
guarding of both men and guns, they were also getting in some 
effective work on the German infantry lines and machine gun 
positions across the river. The barrage in which Buehl was 
killed was fired in support of an assault our own infantry were 
making on Bazoches. The town was not taken, but both the 
artillery preparation which preceded the attack and the bar- 
rage which swept along in front of the advancing infantry 
were pronounced decidedly well executed. On one occasion 
the French division on our left was planning a raid, and their 
commanding officer requested our help in silencing certain 
enemy machine guns which threatened the success of the opera- 
tion. The First Battalion was given the job, and when the 
time came they gave the best that they had in support of their 
French neighbors. The next day Colonel Briggs received the 
following note from our Brigade Commander, General Mc- 
Closkey : 

"Headquarters, 152nd Brigade F. A. 

A. E. F. August - — — , 1918. 
"My dear Briggs: 

"The French Colonel who conducted the operation last even- . 
ing was delighted with your fire because not a single machine 
gun was in action from the place on which your fire was 
directed. "Sincerely, 

"McCloskey." 

Colonel Briggs had copies of the note made and sent them 
to every battery that had taken part in the firing, and it was 

118 



an immense source of satisfaction to the men, not only to 
realize that their heavy labors were counting for something, 
but to be assured that they were developing real skill, and that 
officers higher up were recognizing the fact. 

While the men at the 
guns were thus engaged, 
those in the stations far- 
ther back were busy at 
their own tasks. Regi- 
mental headquarters was 
in the Montaigne Farm, 
on the opposite slope di- 
rectly facing the Ferme 
des Dames, — a great 
group of white buildings 
in the midst of a green 
landscape, plainly visible 
every enemy balloon. Why 
was never shelled, no one will ever 
know. The strictest discipline was 
maintained in regard to going in and 
out when airplanes were in sight, 
and every possible precaution was taken to make the place 
appear deserted; but with the frequent visitors from out- 
side who did not understand the principles of concealment, and 
with the unavoidable activity connected with such an office, it 
is inconceivable that the Germans should have been fooled into 
thinking the farm was unoccupied. Nevertheless, the fact re- 
mains that, while the Boche occasionally dropped his shells 
very close, he never appeared even to try to hit the farm, and 
the headquarters staff had a comparatively peaceful time. 

The Headquarters Company echelon was in the woods be- 
hind the Montaigne farm, where they could furnish horses 
or messengers or special details of men as they might be needed 

119 




And Buried the Dead Ones 



by the regimental commander. Here life was decidedly peace- 
ful. It was within easy range of the German guns, to be sure, 
but apparently there were not enough troops in the wood to 
make it worth while to waste ammunition on them. The band, 
armed with grooming kits and picks and shovels, cared for the 
live horses and buried the dead ones, which our predecessors 
had scattered over the landscape. "The Dead Horse Brigade" 
these musicians called themselves, and they used to sing, as they 
went forth to their cheerless task, to the tune of Chopin's 
Funeral March, 

We are the men of the Dead Horse Brigade, 
We are the men of the Dead Horse Brigade, 

Glory hallelujah, Glory hallelujah! 
We are the men of the Dead Horse Brigade. 



Singing became a real feature of the Company's life. Five 
or six men with an ear for harmony used to make the long 
- ^ evenings tuneful, and they formed the 

nucleus for the regimental Glee Club 
_ hich, after the armistice, helped so 
much in the entertainment- of our 
^ own and other troops. It was an 
interesting study in contrasts to 
lie in one's tent at night and listen 
to the boom of cannon yonder on 
the opposite hill, while the 
~b strains of "O Sole Mio," 
^ ' sung by Private Trepani, 
) drifted out from the woods 
where the men were grouped, 
or Stange's "Mess-Kit Rag" 
brought chuckles from every funk- 
hole. 

The main echelon was back in 
120 




Through the Wicked Shell-Fire 



the Nesle Woods, where the regiment spent the first night after 
its arrival in the sector. Except for an occasional bombing 
raid on the division headquarters, which was in a nearby cha- 
teau, and one or two false gas alarms, the nights were peaceful 
and the days uneventful. There the horses and wagons were 
kept, and there lived those men who were not on actual duty 
with the firing batteries or headquarters details. Thither the 
cannoneers were sent when tired or sick, that they might have 
more sleep and better food. 

The place itself was quiet and restful, but it must not be 
imagined that the men who lived there did not have their share 
of the dangers of work at the front. Every night drivers 
from the batteries had to hitch up their horses and take ra- 
tions and ammunition over roads that were being shelled, and 
find their way through the impenetrable darkness of the woods ; 
or drive to the firing batteries and haul the guns to new posi- 
tions. Every night the wagoners and truck drivers from the 
Supply Company had to take out their big vehicles and run 
their chances of being ditched in shell holes or caught under 
fire at some cross road. It was hazardous work, but the men 
had nerve, and they were being directed by two officers, in par- 
ticular, whom they admired and trusted — Lieutenant Murphy, 
who had immediate charge of the supplies, and Lieutenant 
Bruns, who looked after the ammunition. Many a night, when 
there was a particularly difficult haul to make, Lieutenant 
Murphy went out himself with the wagons, piloted them 
through the wicked shellfire on the cross roads at Chery-Char- 
treuve, directed the unloading and brought them safely back. 
Time after time Lieutenant Bruns, routed out of his tent at 
midnight by a telephone call for more shells, would mount his 
horse, ride back to the echelon, take the wagons out to some 
ammunition dump, have them loaded, guide them through 
woods filled with gas to the battery dumps, deliver what he 
had bought, and then, after starting his convoy on the home- 

121 



ward road, would come back to his tent and crawl into bed 
for a little sleep before breakfast time. The men would not 
only follow either of these officers anywhere, but would go 
for them anywhere, willingly; and often one or two teams 
would make these dangerous trips at night without guides to 
places they had never seen before. No driver, whether in a 
battery or in the Supply Company, had either a safe or an 
easy life. 

Sundays were no different from other days, except for the 
services held by the Chaplain. It was not always possible for 
him to visit every battery, and sometimes when he arrived, fir- 
ing by our own or the enemy's guns made any gatherings im- 
possible, but usually he managed to cover on his rounds most 
of the regiment. There would be services at many of the gun 
positions during the day and another in the evening at the 
echelon. The response on the part of both officers and men 
was genuine. 

Arrived at a battery position, the Chaplain would go to the 
P. C. 

"How about a service to-day?" 

"Is to-day Sunday? Fine!" would be the usual response. 
And then, provided there was a lull in the firing, the Captain 
would say, "Sergeant, tell the men the Chaplain is here for a 
service. They can stop all work. Just leave a guard on the 
guns." 

Then men would gather — sometimes ten, sometimes thirty — 
and sitting on the ground in the woods, or even under the 
camouflage nets or in a gun pit, they would listen attentively to 
the Scripture readings and the Chaplain's brief talk, and enter 
reverently into the prayers. 

Occasionally the services were interrupted. One Sunday at 
Battery A's first position, about twenty men, including Captain 
Lyman, were sitting before a communion table — an empty box 
covered with a white tablecloth, on which stood the silver plate 

122 



and cup. Suddenly, in the midst of the service, a shell whistled 
overhead and burst in the woods behind. Then came another 
and another, and still others, shrieking and banging and mak- 
ing such a racket that the Chaplain could hardly make him- 
self heard. Presently one landed rather close, and splinters 
crackled through the leaves overhead. The Chaplain stopped 
for a moment and spoke to Captain Lyman. 

"If you think it better not to keep the men together," he 
said, "don't hesitate to interrupt." 

"They seem to be going over us," replied the Captain. "Go 
on. I'll tell you if I think it is getting too hot." 

The Chaplain proceeded for a few moments, but then there 
came a terrific crash, and a chunk of , .J'tM 

steel, glancing from a tree, 
dropped beside the communion ta- 
ble. The Chaplain looked at Cap- 
tain Lyman, who said, 

"I guess it isn't very safe here. 
Suppose we move further up the 
hill." 

The men got up 
quietly and walked a 
couple of hundred 
meters through the. 
woods. There 
they met a group 
of cannoneers on 
their way to re- 
lieve some tired 
gun crews. These 
were invited to 
join in the serv- 
ice, and, thus 

augmented, the A Shell Whistled Overhead and Burst in the Woods 

I23 




little congregation sat down again and the service proceeded. 

In these meetings Catholics, Protestants, Jews, and men who 
professed no religious faith whatever participated. Common 
work and common danger broke down barriers and created a 
spiritual bond in which denominational differences were for- 
gotten. Whatever their creed, men learned that they could 
worship God together and find the strength and peace which 
they needed in those days of toil and hardship. Of course the 
Catholics craved the ministrations of one of their own priests, 
and efforts were made to provide them with opportunities for 
going to confession and to mass. This was comparatively 
easy in the echelon, but rather difficult at the gun positions. 
At least once on the Vesle front, however, a Catholic Chaplain 
named Ronan, who was attached for a while to division head- 
quarters,- gave us two whole days, during which, piloted by 
Chaplain Howard, he visited every gun crew and heard con- 
fessions, and at one battery, with his altar set up on the tail 
of a ration cart, he said mass in the woods. 

One of the principal factors in the splendid spirit of the 
men was the leadership of Colonel Briggs. Tireless, eager, 
enthusiastic, his personality dominated the regiment. Those 
who worked closest to him and saw him every day — his 
adjutant, the operations officer, the sergeant-major, the chauf- 
feur who drove his car, the orderly who looked after his 
personal needs and took care of his horse — these knew best 
what a remarkable combination he was of driving energy and 
good humored kindliness, of stern justice and sympathetic ap- 
preciation. But his influence reached out far beyond those 
who ordinarily come in contact with a regimental commander. 
Officers and men of all ranks found in him a personal leader 
and friend. He would appear, a'lone and unattended, in the 
most unexpected places: at the gun positions, at the echelon, 
in the woods, on the roads, in a telephone dugout or an 
observation post. And always he had a word for whom- 

124 



ever he met, be it a battery commander or a buck private. 

Sergeant-Major Zeller, of the Second Battalion, tells of 
meeting him in the woods one day when he was out looking 
for a -possible water supply for a new P. C. 

"What are you doing up here?" asked the Colonel. 

The sergeant-major explained his mission, and added that 
he had found a spring. 

Colonel Briggs looked at him intently for a moment, and 
then said, with a smile, "A spring would come in handy for a 
clean-up and a shave, wouldn't it?" 

Zeller remembered that he had not shaved for nearly a week. 

Seeing his confusion, the Colonel felt of his own face and 
said, "Sometimes I don't get a chance myself to shave for two 
or three days at a time." 

This kind of instinctive 
courtesy put men at ease in 
their intercourse with him, 
and it fostered a 
sense of comrade- 
ship between the 
soldiers and their 
regimental com- 
mander. The of- 
ficers felt it too. 
A lieutenant, 
had just had 
very narrow 
capes under 
was standing 
morning in 
headquarters 
fice, and the colonel was " "^ 



certain 




asking him about what 
had happened. 



Lieutenants Lillibridge and Graham 



125 



"I think they're after me, Colonel," he said with a laugh. 

Colonel Briggs laughed too ; but suddenly, as the real signifi- 
cance of it dawned on him, he laid his hand on the officer's 
shoulder and said earnestly, "I hope they won't get you!" 

One can readily understand with what mingled feelings of 
pride and disappointment the regiment received the news, on 
August 25th, that Colonel Briggs had been promoted to the 
rank of brigadier-general. His own feeling is best expressed 
by what he said, two months' later, to the Regimental Associa- 
tion in New York: 

"When I received my promotion I was pleased, of course. 
It came as a surprise to me, and I had only to thank the regi- 
ment for it. It was their work which brought it to me. I 
wanted to stick with it and to stay with it. But the promotion 
meant that I had to go elsewhere. Nevertheless, I did hang on 
even longer than the law permitted. I stayed with them almost 
ten days. . . . 

"I have been in the service for twenty years, but the enthu- 
siasm in that regiment is wonderful. It seems as if I never 
could stop thinking about it. . . . 

"I never had to give an order about anything. All I had 
to do was to express a wish, a desire, and the first thing I 
knew it would be attended to. 

"... I say 'my regiment' ; it is 119 longer mine, and I have 
no right to talk that way. But it was mine once, and I shall 
always think of it as mine, because I enjoyed it so much, and 
became so fond of the men in it." 



126 





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CHAPTER VIII 

ACROSS THE VESLE : VAUXCERE 

All this time the 153rd Infantry Brigade, which we were 
supporting, had been trying to cross the river and obtain a 
foothold in Bazoches. Every attempt had failed, because of 
the superior position of the German forces and the extreme 
skill with which they used their artillery and machine guns. 
It became evident that no frontal attack either in the 77th Divi- 
sion's sector or in that of the 28th on our right could succeed. 
Our only hope for an advance was that continued pressure by 
General Mangin's French army on our left around Soissons 
would force a retirement all along the line. Every day we 
could hear the French guns thundering, sometimes in terrific 
barrages which lasted for hours, and little by little news began 
to reach us that they were slowly forcing the Germans back. 

Toward the end of August it became apparent that the Huns 
would be obliged to straighten their front and that retirement 
across the Vesle was imminent. General Alexander, in com- 
mand of our division, began preparations for taking his troops 
forward. Vigilance in every observation post was doubled, 
and although actual troop movements were never seen until 
the very last day, great fires were visible behind the German 
lines, and we knew that the enemy was preparing to with- 
draw. 

127 



On September 4th came the order to advance, and the next 
evening our regiment, following a course parallel to the 305th 
on our right, moved forward over the hill and down into the 
valley of the Vesle. 

There was a thrill of excitement about the fact that we were 

now actually in pursuit of the 
retreating enemy, but there 
proved to be little romance 
about it. It meant the labor- 
ious work of breaking camp, 
packing and moving the wag- 
ons, bringing horses and lim- 
bers out to the firing batteries 
and hauling the guns from their 
emplacements, and finally, for 
most of the men, trudging along 
an up-hill road under full packs in a 
drizzling rain. 

The Germans had destroyed the 
bridges across the river, and while 
the infantry got over on a hastily con- 
structed foot bridge, the artillery had 
to wait for the engineers to build 
something a little more substantial. 
Accordingly we halted south of St. 
Thibault, and after . considerable 
stumbling and crashing about in the 
pitch dark in a wood which no one had 
had a chance to reconnoiter, the 
horses were tied up and the men 
stretched themselves on the ground 
for a little sleep. 

Next morning, while the engineers 
were laboring with the bridge and the 
128 




3^ 

Vigilance Was Doubled 




Great Fires Were Visible 



road, we got a glimpse of what our infantry had been experi- 
encing. St. Thibault was in ruins, and in among the debris 
of fallen buildings were the dugouts and shelters where 
the doughboys had lived. 
The road leading into 
the town was in full 
view of what had 
been the enemy po- 
sitions on the hills 
across the river. 
There were open spaces in 
the streets on which Boche machine 
guns had played a murderous rain of 
bullets every time a soldier had showed 
himself. In the field that sloped down 
from the village to the river lay a great many American dead, 
killed in some of the early attacks. They had lain in No-Man' s- 
Land for several weeks, because no one had been able to reach 
them. 

At length the bridge was finished, and we crossed over to 
Bazoches. There we had an opportunity to observe some of 
the results of our own fire. The town was reduced to a heap 
of crumbled stone, largely by the powerful shells from the 
howitzers of our neighbors, the 306th F. A. On the hill be- 
hind the town were innumerable machine gun nests. These 
had been our special targets, and there was a grim satisfaction 
in seeing how the ground around them was pockmarked with 
shell holes. In one abandoned nest sprawled four dead Huns : 
a silent testimony to the accurate shooting of one of our guns. 

Meanwhile the Germans, closely followed by our infantry, 
had covered the ground between the Vesle and the Aisne, and, 
leaving a thin line of resistance along the bank of the latter 
river, had taken up strong defensive positions on the high hills 
beyond where lies the famous Chemin des Dames. (The 

129 



French had lost hundreds of thousands of men in this same 
spot in 191 5.) With their artillery mounted on the almost im- 
pregnable height, the Boche now controlled the whole valley be- 
low them. 

The American infantry advanced to the forward slope of the 
hill south of the river, facing the enemy, and the artillery's 
task was to go into position on the rear slope whence their 
fire could be directed over the heads of the infantry to the Ger- 
man lines along the Aisne and on the hills beyond. 

Once more the enemy had us at a disadvantage, for he was 
fighting a defensive battle from carefully prepared positions, 
while we were attempting offensive warfare in territory of 
which he, having just moved out, knew every inch of the 
ground, and would be able in a short time to locate our every 
battery. 

As we moved forward through Bazoches, the regimental 




What Was Left of the Village of Perles 
130 




The Church in Perles 



headquarters and the First Battalion swung to the left and 
reached Vauxcere, while the Second Battalion took the right 
hand road to Perles. These two villages lay on a plateau which 
had no woods and 
hardly any trees 
where guns could be 
hid. Little hollows 
in the open fields, 
and some old Ger- 
man gun pits (which 
faced the wrong way, 'rfjj 
of course) were the 
only positions at first 
available. Captain Lyman did manage to find a grove for 
Battery A, considerably to the rear, but far enough ad- 
vanced to enable him to fire effectively. Captain Doyle and 
Captain Bacon took their batteries right to the crest of the-hill, 
with no cover except camouflage nets which were spread over 
the hastily dug gun pits. D and E went into what had been 
German emplacements, the former in a sunken road, the latter 
in the side of a bank that was honeycombed with abandoned 
Boche dugouts. Major Devereux with his battalion head- 
quarters and Captain Ewell with Battery F found a ravine 
just outside what was left of the village of Perles. 

Vauxcere was built on a very steep slope, and just below the 
crest, on the side away from the Germans, were a number of 
caves. Into one of these General Briggs moved the regi- 
mental P. C. Outside the cave was a courtyard, and into 
the buildings which formed it went the kitchen and the clerks' 
office and a horse or two. Captain Doyle and Captain Bacon 
also used caves, both as P. C.'s and as sleeping quarters for 
those cannoneers not actually on duty at the guns. Major 
Sanders moved into a house on the main street of the town. 

The place was full of troops. Besides our own, there was 
L3i 




Perles 



one battery of the 306th, their heavy guns perched on the hill 
immediately over our headquarters cave, so that every time they 
fired the whole place rocked. Then there were infantry and 
-^Vi _ engineers a-plenty, 

not to mention Gen- 
eral Wittenmeyer 
with his brigade 
headquarters. 

The enemy soon 
discovered how pop- 
ulous the town was, 
and he systemati- 
cally shelled it every 
afternoon. Those 
who were in caves 
could afford to laugh at the explosions they heard, but any 
one who happened to be on the streets or in one of the houses 
was likely to have a lively time of it. Major Sanders and his 
adjutant, Captain Perrin, in their first-floor rooms used to have 
tea about four o'clock each day, and invariably the shells 
loegan to fall just at tea time; but although the blinds often 
rattled and occasionally neighboring houses caved in, no shell 
•ever succeeded in breaking up one of the Major's tea 
parties. 

Not only the town, but the whole hill top was subjected to a 
deadly harassing fire every day. The night Battery C moved 
into position, just as the third gun had left the road and was 
being hauled around to the place prepared for it, a shell burst 
right beside the lead team. The driver, Owen Pierson, and 
both his horses were killed outright, while on the swing team, 
just behind, Private Gaughn was mortally wounded and both 
horses were killed. The wheel driver, Akvick by name, dis- 
played remarkable courage and presence of mind. Although 
the shell which had played such havoc had struck right in front 

132 




Went to the Aid of His Fallen 
Comrades 



of him, and others were falling all about, he went to the aid 
of his fallen comrades, helped carry them to a trench where 
they could receive medical attention, unhitched the dead 
animals, moved the gun into posi- 
tion with the two horses that re- 
mained, and drove his limber back 
to the echelon. 

Battery D, in their sunken 
road position, were soon located 
by the German artillery. One 
morning about dawn, when every 
one was asleep except three men 
on guard. Captain Mahon heard 
the familiar sound of in-coming 
shells. He looked out of his dug- 
out to make sure that his men 
were all under cover, and seeing 
no one about took it for granted that all were safe. Calling 
out that every one should lie low until the shelling was over, 
he went back into his dugout. A few minutes later, when the 

fire had ceased, Lieuten- 
ant Thomas came out 
and started along the 
road. Suddenly, from 
one of the little hol- 
lowed-out places in the 
bank, covered over with 
corrugated iron, in 
which the men slept, he 
heard a cry for help. 
Darting to the place, he 
found the three guards, 
McDevitt, Lincoln, and 
Pessalano, buried under 




,_f'dV &$* 



Looked Out to See if His Men Were Under 
Cover 

133 



a mess of debris. They had all taken cover there when- the 
shelling began, and a projectile had made a direct hit on the 
dugout. McDevitt alone was still alive. The other two were 
buried that day within a few yards of the spot where they had 
fallen, while the wounded man was sent away in an ambulance. 
He, too, died within a few hours after reaching the field 
hospital. 

Battery F, in their ravine on the edge of Pedes, were sub- 
jected to what most men are agreed is the most terrifying form 
of hostile fire, namely night bombing by airplanes. The 
machines can be heard very distinctly overhead, yet it is impos- 
sible in the darkness to tell where they are. One listens tensely 
to the Zzzz-Zzzz-Zzzz of the motor, and then suddenly the 
noise stops: the aviator is releasing his bombs. Bang-bang- 
bang-bang-bang-bang-bang ! they fall in quick succession, and 
once again the motor resumes its Zzzz-Zzzz-Zzzz as the plane 
sails off. 

On this particular night, Battery F was preparing to move 
into a new position, and the horses had been brought up 
and were being hitched to the pieces. A plane was heard 
in the sky, and all at once a brilliant flare of white light 
burst overhead and floated gently down across the 
ravine. 

"Drivers, stand by your horses!" shouted Captain Ewell. 
"Everybody keep still ! Don't move !" 

■ It was an awful moment. Every man and horse stood out 
in bold relief, the men with their faces upturned, the horses 
with their ears alert and eyes staring. No one stirred. Then, 
as the flare died out, the plane swooped down and crossed 
diagonally over the ravine, releasing as it passed a set of six 
bombs. With a deafening racket they burst, scattering frag- 
ments through the ravine, and startling the horses. 

"Is anybody hurt?" called the Captain. No one answered; 
but presently, as he made his way to where the teams stood, 

134 



he heard a groan, and stooping over, found Private Rosner 
with his arm badly shattered. It was a miracle that there were 
not more casualties. 

While the firing batteries were having these harrowing ex- 
periences, some of the men at the rear were getting their share 
of excitement. "Life at the echelon" is a by-word among 
those whose work takes them forward into the danger zone. 
The echelon must be near the source of supplies, and it is sup- 
posed to be free from danger — a place of comfort and ease. 
The following extracts from a cannoneer's diary show the at- 
titude. 

The writer had been having a strenuous time at the front: 
"Guard duty from midnight to I a. m. Up at 7 o'clock. Bar- 
rage from 7:15 to 1 p. m. At mess time the Huns sent over 
several shells which clipped off two Battery E men and others 
from other organizations. Helped carry up Private Shannon, 
who was badly wounded." 

Then comes a change: "Ordered back to echelon. After 
a difficult trip arrived there about up. m. Sergeant Dunphy 
treated us to stew, bread, coffee and prunes. This is the 
echelon life." Next day: "Washed socks and towels, good 
face wash and wrote letters till noon mess. Rest all p. m. and 
good sleep through a rainy night." Next day: "Up at six — • 
pancakes for breakfast — 5 packages M elachrinos — life of Riley 
— biscuits galore for supper." 

This is how the cannoneers feel about the echelon; and yet 
the place is always within easy range of the enemy artillery, 
and it was this same Battery E echelon which was treated one 
morning to one of the severest shellings that the regiment has 
known. 

A wagon had just driven in with a load of supplies and 
with mail from home. The mail clerk, George Seiber, was 
sorting the letters and a group of eager soldiers were standing 
about, when suddenly Pfzzz-Bang! — a shell crashed right in 

135 



among them. Pfzzz-Bang — another, and another, and still 
they came. Seiber was killed outright. Seven others were 
wounded and had to be evacuated, three of whom — Grace, Still- 
inger and Ormstadt — afterwards died in hospital. As soon as 
there was a pause, Sergeant Stine, who was in charge at the 
time, ordered the men to get ready to move at once; but first 
it was necessary to bury poor Seiber. The burial squad were 
interrupted time and again by shells before they could finish 
their work. There was not time to get the Chaplain, who was 
in Vauxcere, but Private Brown, who had a prayer book in 
his pocket, read some Scripture and a prayer when the grave 
was finished. 

Emphasis has been placed on these shellings which the regi- 
ment received, because for a while to many men that seemed 
to be the principal part of our existence. General Briggs, in 
his speech to the Association, explained the reason: 

"The Germans knew that they had strong positions here, 
and put some of their very best troops in front of us. They 
were Prussian divisions — well-known divisions — that had been 
through the game, and they knew something about fighting. 
We were just a little bit new. At first they had us at a disad- 
vantage. We never saw them, hardly. We heard them and 
felt them, but they knew how to take advantage of cover. It 
was like fighting in the dark. But it wasn't long before our 
men had learned the same game, and we gave them a little bit 
more than they had bargained for." 

One day Lieutenant Boyd, of A Battery, who was represent- 
ing our First Battalion as liaison officer with the 306th Infantry 
(for each battalion of artillery keeps an officer and several 
men on duty at all times with the infantry it is to support) tele- 
phoned to Major Sanders that two platoons of German artillery 
were giving the infantry a very uncomfortable time by system- 
atic and accurate shellfire. Careful observation had given the 
exact location of the guns in question, as well as a house where 

136 



apparently their kitchen was stationed, and the infantry wanted 
us to try and silence them. 

Instead of the usual harassing fire, Major Sanders tried a 
different method. Each of his battery commanders was given 
the necessary information and told to calculate his data for 
firing on these two platoons and on their kitchen, designated 
as targets number one, number two, and number three. 

The order was then given to lay all the guns on target num- 
ber one. Presently each battery commander, connected by 
phone with the major's P. C, reported "Ready to fire." Then 
the command was given, "Fire!" and in an instant all eleven 
guns (the twelfth was out of action at the time) went off with 
a roar. As quickly as they could be reloaded, a second round 
was fired. The whole volley lasted just seventeen seconds, and 
during that time twenty-one shells crashed in upon the German 
battery. 

"Lay on target number two," ordered the Major at his phone. 

"Battery A ready, sir," came Captain Lyman's voice after a 
moment. "B Battery ready to fire." "Battery C all ready." 

"Fire!" And the second Hun platoon was smothered like 
the first. 

After two rounds, the same method was used on the house 
where the kitchen had been reported as doing business. 

The effect at the other end can be imagined only by one who 
has himself been under fire. It must have been overwhelming. 
At any rate, the infantry reported later that half of the house 
was torn away; and as for the two platoons of artillery, one 
of them was not heard from for thirty-six hours, and the other 
was never identified again. The same method of fire was 
used subsequently on many occasions by the First Battalion 
on villages, farms, and crossroads, and whenever observation 
was possible, the shooting was proved to have been tremen- 
dously effective. 

The Second Battalion also had its full share in important 

L37 



operations. The battalion commander had a peculiarly satis- 
factory experience during a big attack on the morning of Sep- 
tember fourteenth. 

In the advance from the Vesle to the Aisne, the 153rd Bri- 
gade, which we were supporting, had pushed right up to the 
river itself. On their right the 154th Brigade, and the 28th 
Division which adjoined it, as well as the French division be- 
yond, had met heavier resistance made possible by the nature 
of the terrain, and had been brought to a standstill some dis- 
tance short of the Aisne. The result was that the troops di- 
rectly in front of us were exposed to a flank attack and to 
dangerous enfilading fire from Boche artillery. 

The higher command, therefore, ordered a general attack 
along the whole front in order to advance the entire line up 
to the river, and our regiment was ordered to shift the direction 
of its fire to the right, so that the 154th Brigade, supported 
by our guns as well as those of the 305th F. A., might attain 
its objective. 

For several hours on the night of the 13th every battery 
was hard at work pouring a fire of preparation into the Ger- 
man positions, and then at the zero hour in the early morning, 
our guns, worked by tired but dogged cannoneers, began a 
rolling barrage that crept forward in front of the advancing in- 
fantry. 

The hours wore on with no let-up in the fire. The guns 
were so hot that more than one gunner, leaning over his piece 
between shots to adjust his sights, had his face scorched. The 
men could have cooked their dinner on the gun barrels. 

Major Devereux, who had taken the precaution to run a 
direct telephone wire to the headquarters of the 308th In- 
fantry, of the 154th Brigade, became impatient and called up 
Colonel Prescott, who was in command, asking for any informa- 
tion he might have about the progress of the attack. The 
reply was not encouraging. The troops had not been able to 

138 



keep pace with the advancing barrage, and were being sub- 
jected to a deadly flanking fire of artillery and machine guns 
which had, for the time being, blocked their entire progress. 

"Can you suggest any change in my fire which would be more 
useful than this barrage?" asked Major Devereux. 

"Just a minute, and I'll let you know," replied Colonel Pres- 
cott. 

While the Colonel was 
investigating further, 
Major Devereux was en- 
deavoring to gain permis- 
sion from his regimental 
commander to slacken his 
fire so as to save ammuni- 
tion. 

Presently the telephone 
rang. It was Colonel 
Prescott. It seemed that 
there was a column of 
German infantry ap- 
proaching a crossroad on his flank, apparently massing for a 
counter attack. This might wreck the entire advance of the 
154th Brigade, and Colonel Prescott would like to have the 
Major open fire on the crossroad as soon as the Boche got there. 

"Can you give me the coordinates?" asked Major Devereux. 
The exact location was given. 

With Colonel Prescott still on the wire, the Major called up 
Captain Perin of Battery E and explained the situation. He 
wanted him with two guns to fire high explosive shells fitted 
with instantaneous fuses on that column of Boche infantry. 

While Captain Perin was calculating his firing data, the 
telephone connection was extended to include the commander 
of the threatened infantry battalion, and he gave the informa- 
tion that the Germans were almost at the crossroads. 

139 




The Germans Were Almost at the 
Crossroads 



Just then Captain Perin's voice announced, "Ready to fire." 
"Fire !" ordered Major Devereux. 

"Direction good — fifty meters over," came the infantry ma- 
jor's report a few moments later. 
Another round was fired. 

"A little too far to the right; range good," was the report. 
"Left ten," said Captain Perin. "Fire!" 
Again the two guns banged. 

"One shot plumb on the crossroads, and the other very 
close!" came the excited observer's report. 

With that, Captain Perin let loose a withering storm of shell 
that plastered the crossroads and wrought havoc with the 
troops as they came up. 

"Good — that's great !" cried Colonel Prescott. 
Then another voice broke in: "Who are all these people on 

this line?" It was Gen- 
eral Wittenmeyer, and 
how he managed to get 
on the wire no one ever 
knew. 

"Just. wait a minute, 
General," said Colonel 
Prescott. "I have a pla- 
toon of 75's from the 
304th shooting up a road 
full of Boche. We are in 
the midst of the firing." 
"Fine!" said the Gen- 
eral. "I'll get off the 
wire." 

Then Colonel Prescott 
asked the Major to 
sweep northward along 
The Counter Attack Had Been Broken Up the road, and Captain 

140 




Perin shifted his aim, drenched the whole region with a concen- 
trated rain of fire until word came that no more was needed. 
The counter-attack had been broken up before ever it began. 

This incident is interesting, not only because of the work 
accomplished, but because it had furnished a rare opportunity 
for demonstrating to the infantry we supported the effective- 
ness of artillery when it is given exact information as to what 
is wanted and immediate reports as to what is being accom- 
plished. Nothing is more satisfactory to the artilleryman, and 
nothing more encouraging to the infantryman, than to know 
that the enemy is actually being demolished, and that every shot 
is counting for victory. 

To mention all the events in which our batteries took part 
would be tedious. Enough has been told to show something 
of what the regiment was doing, and to indicate what the men 
were going through. It was a terrible strain on them. They 
were working night and day. They were dirty, and there was 
no chance for a bath or for clean clothes. Above all, they were 
tired. The lack of sleep, the never-ending labor, the continued 
nervous strain of being under fire, had brought many of them 
to the point where they did not see how they could hold out for 
another day. "If we could only get some sleep!" was the re- 
mark heard at every battery position. 

The officers were as tired as the men. They did not have so 
much manual labor, of course, but they had more responsibility, 
and just as little sleep. Night after night the regimental com- 
mander and his adjutant would be routed out by a message from 
the infantry, or from the brigade commander. Captain Kemp- 
ner, in charge of operations, would have to get up and lay out 
the work for the battalions. The battalion and battery com- 
manders would be called up and given new orders, and they in 
turn would have to rouse their weary cannoneers for more 
firing. Lieutenant Bruns' endurance was taxed to the limit 
trying to keep everybody supplied with shells and fuses. The 

141 



runners were on the go with messages night and day. The 
telephone linemen were driven to distraction by the orders for 
new connections, and by the continual breaks in the wires 
caused by shellfire. To the battery drivers it seemed as though 
the guns were never allowed to stay in any one position for 
more than a few hours, so often were they called upon to take 
out their horses for moving the pieces. 
The Supply Company men had to 
bring their wagons up every night 
across that bridge in Bazoches which 
the Germans were doing their best to 
destroy, and 
:Mv ¥fe If over roads which 

fa. 



were targets 
for expert 
Boche artil- 
lerymen. 

Moreover, 
General 
Briggs had 
now left the regi- 
ment, having been 
to return to the 



ordered 

United States to bring over 
a new brigade, and the lack 
of his presence was distinctly felt. He had been replaced by 
Lieutenant-Colonel McCleave, who, although he was an artil- 
lery officer of some years' standing, had yet to win the confi- 
dence of the regiment. He was cool and deliberate, and we 
missed the eager interest in every detail to which we had been 
accustomed in our former commanding officer. 

Other shifts among the officers had also taken place. Cap- 
tain Ewell had gone to the Supply Company to replace Captain 
Garrett, who had been recalled for duty in the United States. 

142 




Runners Were on the Go with Messages 



Battery F was given a new commanding officer — Captain Eber- 
stadt, who, up to this time, had been Captain Mahon's execu- 
tive in D Battery with the rank of first lieutenant. With him 
were assigned First Lieutenant Hunter, from Headquarters 
Company, who had just received his promotion, and Lieutenant 
Thomas, from D. Lieutenant Amy had gone from Battery 
A to Battery D. All these changes were necessary, but they 
involved a certain amount of readjustment and added to the 
general feeling of uncertainty. 

In short, there was a universal longing for relief. More 
than four weeks of strenuous labor under conditions that 
were far from ideal had told on the spirits of our inexperienced 
troops, and they felt that they had earned a rest. 

At last the longed-for day 
came. On September 14th, 
the very day of the attack 
just described, the order was 
received that we were to be 
relieved by an Italian divi- 
sion, and on the 15th, detach- 
ments of these troops began 
to move into the sector. 

They were a queer lot ! 
They had no telephones, 
no fire control instruments, 
no anything, except guns 
and ammunition ; and they 
strolled in in the most casual 
sort of way, as if they were 
engaged in a play war. We 
wondered how they would 
fare at the hands of the ex- 
perienced troops across the 
river. The Germans Began to Shell the Town 

1 43 




Night came, and the relief began. 

Italian officers had installed themselves in our headquarters 
cave, and our guns and wagons were moving out onto the roads 
for the hazardous march to the rear. The men in the court- 
yard around the cave were packing up their belongings and the 
office equipment, when, to our consternation, the Germans be- 
gan to shell the town. 

Not content with raking the streets, they began to drop 
shell after shell right into our courtyard. One struck the 
door of what had been the clerks' office, and burst into the room, 
wrecking a typewriter and tearing some officers' bedding rolls 
to tatters. Another landed just outside the kitchen, and the 




cook, Peter Anastas, and 
Captain Kempner's orderly, 
Oscar Johnson, were both seri- 
ously wounded, (Johnson died 

There Were Some Narrow Escapes r , , . , ., n ^i 

afterward in a hospital), the 

cave, crowded with officers, both American and Italian, bustling 

about giving orders and attending to a hundred final details, 

while the two wounded men lay stretched on the floor waiting 

for an ambulance, and a third, slightly shell-shocked, sat staring 

blankly at the confusion about him, presented a scene which no 

one who was there will ever forget. 

144 



To add to our discomfiture, the Italian infantry had come 
into the town, and with an utter disregard for the precau- 
tions in which we had been so carefully trained, were massed 
in the streets, laughing and talking and lighting cigarettes with 
matches which flared up in the darkness, giving ample evidence 
of their presence to any aerial observers who might chance to 
be overhead, and blocking up the roads in front of our wagons. 

Our route lay along the hilltop, through Perles, and then 
southward into the valley of the Vesle, not at Bazoches, where 
we had crossed before, but at Fismes. Every kilometer of the 
road was fraught with danger, and our convoys were inten- 
tionally broken up so as not to have too many troops in 
any place at once. Overhead we could hear the frightful 
scream of the high-velocitv Austrian shells (familiarly known 
as "whizz-bangs"' on account of the noise they make and be- 
cause the explosion follows so quickly on the sound of the shell 
as it passes). Luckily there was no moon, and our movements 
were screened in a pall of thick darkness. 

How the regiment ever got through unscratched no one 
knows. There were some narrow escapes. The head of the 
column was caught under fire at a crossroad where it had halted 
to make sure of the direction, and shell fragments whistled 
about. Some of the batteries reached Fismes just as it was be- 
ing shelled, and had to pass through the ghostly ruins of the 
town while walls were tumbling into the streets. 

E>ut no one was hurt, and as mile after mile was passed, the 
sounds of battle grew fainter and fainter, and gradually died 
out altogether; and at length, after an interminable march, 
the regiment drew into a wood near the village of Gussancourt. 
There, in the broad daylight of a Sunday morning, a tired lot of 
soldiers stretched themselves on the ground for the first peace- 
ful repose they had enjoyed in nearly six weeks., 



145 




CHAPTER IX 



A TEN DAYS MARCH 



That was a happy Sunday we spent in the Bois de Munier. 
A warm sun overhead, soft turf under foot, ample water near, 
at hand for the horses and for washing, and, above all, the 
knowledge that we were out of the battle for a while and on our 
way to some rest camp for a clean-up and fresh clothes, made 
it a day long to be remembered. There was a sort of holiday 
feeling among the men. Mr. Dolphini dug into the baggage 
wagons and got out his band instruments, and about sundown 
there was a concert. The band was sadly out of practice — the 
players' hands were stiffened by manual labor and their lips 
had lost their skill — but their music seemed a thing divine! 
The Chaplain held a service in the woods, and although the 
fact that it was watering time for the horses interfered some- 
what with the attendance, a goodly number of the men joined 
reverently in the worship and thanked God heartily for His 
goodness. 



Night brought a welcome opportunity for more sleep. The 
lighting of fires or of cigarettes after dark was still prohibited, 
but there was a sense of security that no one had enjoyed for 
weeks. 

Monday was spent in getting the wagons and horses, as well 
as a few blistered feet, into 
shape for the march that 
lay ahead, and that eve- 
ning, after a hot supper, 
the regiment swung out of 
the woods and took the 
southward road. 

That night we crossed 
the Marne again, this time 
in no feverish haste, but 
slowly and easily. The 
beautiful valley, bathed in 
moonlight, lay before us as 
the column wound down 
the hill to the bridge, and 
presented a picture that 
lingered in the minds of 
the most unpoetic. Then 
up a long slope on the 
southern bank, made easy 
by the fact that we could 

see where we were going, and by the evenness of the well- 
paved highway. Eastward then we turned, following the 
valley of the Marne, until, about daybreak, we reached our 
camping ground in a sweet-smelling pine wood. 




JKS 



mm 






m 









■m::. 




H7 



The next night it rained. One who has never traveled on 
foot at night cannot realize what a difference the ability to see 
makes in the amount of fatigue one feels. In the moonlight, 
when the road lies ahead like white ribbon, and the surround- 
ing hills and valleys and woods and 
fields stand out clearly and lend 
variety to the scene, marching is 
comparatively easy. But when 
the sky is overcast, and no 
moon nor stars give their 
>iit, and the darkness is 
like a wall shutting 
the travelers in, the 
feet grow tender and 
stumble over pebbles, 
the pack becomes 
heavy, and every 
step is an effort. Or, if 
one is mounted, sleep at- 
tacks the rider with a 
sort of vindictive per- 
sistence, and will not 
leave him alone. He 
nods and droops, and 
then, beginning to fall, catches himself with a jerk, only to 
lose consciousness again and be jerked once more into a half- 
intelligent realization that he must keep awake. Then he dis- 
mounts and tries walking, and at every halt leans against his 
horse and dozes anew with an overpowering drowsiness that 




The Next Night It Rained 



W4 Ml wm. 



brings no rest. And when it rains, these conditions are aggra- 
vated by the water that gradually soaks through one's clothes 
and filters into one's shoes and turns the road under foot into 
a series of muddy pools through which horses and pedestrians 
splash and ooze their way. 

Yet the men bore it patiently, because they were headed 
away from the front and toward some unknown haven of 
rest; and when, with the morning light, the regiment pulled 
into a broad 
meadow, near the 
town of Epernay, 
and the sun, peer- 
ing through the 
breaking clouds, re- 
vealed a fair hillside 
covered with vine- 
yards, and streams 
of water near at 
hand, and cordial 
villagers coming up 
with eager offers of eggs for sale, and wine, and good French 
bread, every one was content. 

When, at evening, the regiment was preparing to resume its 
march, an unusual thing happened. Let a corporal's diary 
tell the story : 

"About n p.m. ... all the canonneers were given two 
days' rations and marched off through a drizzling rain to a 
neighboring town where we were hustled into trucks and on 




Eager Offers of Eggs 




149 



*CT 



our way. What distance we traveled and what route we fol- 
lowed that evening will always be a mystery to us. Suffice it 
to say that the trucks were loaded to suffocation and sleep was 
of course impossible. We rumbled and rocked along through 
the mud. The morning, though, was clear # and bright. We 
passed scores of villages, all of which were well behind the 
lines, but which all had their quota of American troops. About 
10 o'clock a. m., we arrived at the little town of Braux St. Remy. 
The battery was split up and billeted in different places, our 
section faring the best. We were assigned to a long stable, 
and here we enjoyed the luxury of cots, keenly reminiscent 
of Camp Upton days. The town itself is utterly devoid of any 
attraction, save for the one wine shop where John Barleycorn 
reigns supreme. For two days and a half we stayed here, led 
the simple life, with no drills and no formations — quite a con- 
trast to what we had undergone at the front." And, one might 
add, quite a contrast also to what the rest of the regiment was 
undergoing in the meantime. 

For while these cannoneers, some four 
hundred strong, were being conveyed 
across the country in trucks, the rest of us 
made our way on foot. We wondered 
vaguely where the cannoneers had gone, 
and why. Our answer came within a day 
or two. 

One afternoon (we were marching by 
day now, and sleeping at night) the regi- 
ment came down into the valley of the up- 
per Marne. We had been follow- 
ing a general south-easterly direc- 
tion now for five days, and we were 
beginning to wonder where that rest 
camp was and when we should 
reach it. But when we saw the 
150 




A Familiar Figure 



broad, green meadows of the river valley, with the stream 
meandering through them ; when we parked our guns and 
wagons on the beautiful turf, and pitched our tents on the 
rich carpet of soft grass, we decided that, if only they would 
let us stay there, we could easily be content without any rest 
camp, for we could rest where we were and be happy. Men 
sprawled on the ground in utter abandon. The horses and 
mules were turned loose to graze, and some of the weariest- 
looking nags kicked up their heels and raced about like colts. 
It required considerable skill in stalking them to gather all 
the animals in when it was time to picket them for the night. 
There was a restfulness about the place that surpassed any- 
thing we had ever known in France, and our sleep that night 
was deep and dreamless. 

The next day baseballs were produced, and although there 
were no set games there was considerable exercise for all who 
wanted to indulge in it, and the exhilaration of a real ea*rly 
fall day made everybody feel fresh and active. Several neat 
villages near by served as an attraction for some of the men, 
and they explored them at will and sought vainly for eggs or 
poultry. Alas, the 305th had got there before us, and there 







The Picket Line 
151 



was not a thing to be bought! It was fun to wander around, 
however, and the desire to stay in that spot grew as the day 
wore on. 

But about four o'clock a messenger dashed up on a motor- 
cycle and delivered an order to Colonel McCleave which brought 
surprise and consternation to the whole camp. We were to 

pack up and be on the 
road, ready for a march, 
within twenty minutes! And 
we did it, too. Such a bustling 
of preparation as there was 
during those next few min- 
utes, such a buzzing of 
tongues, such a wild 
spreading of rumors ! What was 
up ? Where were we going? Why 
all this haste? Why another night 
march ? 

Presently we were on the 
)^T\ road. Colonel McCleave rode 
along the column and spoke a 
few words to each organization 
commander, and as he passed down the line the ominous or- 
der was given out. "Gas masks and helmets will be worn." 
We were going back to the front ! 

What a gloom spread through the regiment! No rest, no 
bath, no clean clothes? Do they think we are fit for front line 
duty without them? Aren't there enough American troops 
in France to hold the lines without calling on regiments that 
have been doing their share for two months without a let-up? 
These were the thoughts that sped through men's minds as we 
crossed the Marne at Vitry le Francois and turned northward 
toward the front. Little was said, but a feeling of indignation 
ran high. 




The Men Were All Under Cover 



Perhaps the only man who was really happy was Mr. New- 
berry, the Y. M. C. A. secretary who had joined us the day 
after we had quit the Aisne, and who was eager for service 
at the front. Colonel McCleave rode up alongside the supply 
wagon on which he sat beside the driver, Bill Hawkins. 

"Newberry, I've got some good news for you. We're go- 
ing back into the lines, and I guess you're the only man here 
who will be thoroughly glad of it!" 

The next day's march brought us to a little place called 
Busy le Repos. The very name was a mockery ! It was Sun- 
day, and a great crowd of the Catholic men thronged the little 
church, where Chaplain Sheridan, of the 305th, said mass. 
Chaplain Howard had arranged for a Protestant service in the 
afternoon in an old Y. M. C. A. hut, but when the time came 
the regiment was busy getting ready for the march again. 
In a driving rain that turned the roads into a morass the 
dreary column started on the worst hike in our whole history. 

Mention has already been made of the difficulty of night 
marching in the rain. On this occasion the hardships were 
augmented by the fact that the route lay, for the most part, 
up hill, and by the depression which reigned among the men 
when they started. 

How it poured ! Within an hour every one was drenched to 
the skin. Up and up we climbed, until it seemed as if we 
must be reaching the top of the world. The horses were tired, 
and no one not absolutely needed for driving or working the 
brakes was allowed to sit on a vehicle, or even to take hold of 
a wagon or caisson. The packs on the men's backs grew 
heavier and heavier as the rain soaked into the blankets. 
Their shoes oozed with water. The riders, who must dis- 
mount at every halt to rest their horses, had to climb, when 
they started again, into wet saddles that gave a fresh chill 
with every mounting. 

We passed through woods that cast additional darkness on 
153 



the road, and made it utterly impossible to see where we were 
going. Each man followed the one in front of him with a 
blind, dogged monotony of compulsion. 

Then the column emerged from the woods and, still climb- 
ing, came out on a high plateau that was utterly bare of trees, 
save for an occasional row of thin poplars that swayed mourn- 
fully in the wind. There was nothing to offer any protection 
from that steady gale which drove the beating rain right 
through to the marrow of our bones. 

As we took our way on this interminable march, still in a 
north-easterly direction, evidences that we were nearing the 
front began to make themselves felt. Military traffic began 
to appear on the roads. A's we turned into a great highway, 
there loomed in the darkness long trains of camions. Some 
hurried past us toward the rear, empty, but most of them were 
rumbling along in our direction, loaded with French and Amer- 
ican infantry. Something unusual was afoot. A bewildered 
M. P. on a crossroad, questioned by one of our officers, said 
that troops had been pouring through for hours, and we could 
well believe him, for from every road that we passed new 
columns of men and guns and wagons streamed in to swell 
the volume of the mighty river of war traffic that moved on 
toward the front. 

At last we turned aside into some black and wet and unin- 
viting woods. After crossing a bridge and pushing along a 
little farther in the darkness, the column halted, and the fore- 
most wagons were directed to turn in to the left. One by one 
they bumped down a steep incline, wallowed for a moment at 
the foot, and then creaked their way into the blackness and 
disappeared. As each organization moved up to the place 
it was piloted into the woods by a drenched reconnoissance of- 
ficer, and told where to put up for the rest of the night. No 
one could see his hand before his face. Not a light could be 
lit, not so much as a single flash from a pocket lamp. The 

154 



men had to feel their way around, and what they felt chiefly 
was mud. The ground under foot was nothing more than a 
marsh, and it was becoming more swampy every moment as 
the rain poured in and saturated the soft loam. 

That was our camp. There the men pitched their tents, and 
there they crawled into their wet blankets and drowsed in a 
fitful, uncomfortable sleep until 
daylight. 

With the dawn came another 
day of rest as the artilleryman 
on the march knows it. No 
reveille nor drills, but horses to 
be fed, watered, groomed, 
and perhaps shod, harness 
to be overhauled and 
mended, wagons to have 
new wheels put on or 
springs repaired, wood to 
be fetched, blankets to be 
spread out in a vain at- 
tempt to dry them, and 
then the feeding and watering all over again until at last the 
order is given: "Roll your packs; harness up!" 

During the day we tried to piece together the bits of in- 
formation which had been picked up along the way during the 
march of the previous night. There were many conflicting 
stories, but on one point they seemed to agree: a great Amer- 
ican offensive was in preparation, and all the available troops 
in our army were being rushed into it. 

Before nightfall our higher officers, at least, had some defi- 
nite information as to our movements. The 77th Division 
was to take its position in the heart of the Argonne. The in- 
fantry had gone in ahead of us, and were already concealed in 
deep ravines behind the front lines. The French, who had 

155 




'• : '"':. ; .vc:',. v ' fr"W 

Lieutenant Welling. 



niuitaf n 

"Lay on Me !" 



been holding this sector by strongly fortified entrenchments 
for nearly four years, were to leave a thin garrison in the 
front line trenches, in order that the Boche might not suspect 




The Village of Les Islettes 



the presence of 

American""" 

troops. Ever since the 

Crown Prince, in 1915, 

had been baffled in his attempt 

to force a passage through this 

forest, the two opposing armies 

had lived in comparative peace 

and quiet, each secure in the 

knowledge that the other could not possibly break through. 

Now the Americans, making their assault simultaneous with 

a general Allied attack along the whole front from Verdun to 

Rheims, were to try, by a sudden surprise, to rush the Germans 

out of their elaborate fortifications, and hurl them back 

out of the forest and into the open country beyond the Aire 

River. 

The rank and file, however, knew nothing of this. They 
knew only that here were more troops than they had ever seen 
before, and, tired and discouraged as they were, they could not 
suppress a feeling of elation that our regiment was to have 
its share in some great operation. 

It was with a sense of growing interest, therefore, that they 
156 



took the road again on the night of the 24th, and, passing 
through the trim little town of St. Mennehould, "Queen City 
of the Argonne," moved eastward along the Paris-Metz high- 
way. 

On reaching the village of Les Islettes, our column turned 
sharp to the left and started due north along the road that 
led into the forest; and at Le Claon the headquarters and sup- 
ply detachments, and all those who go to make up the echelon, 
turned aside. After toiling up a frightfully long and steep 
hill, thev pitched their camp in a grove of superb beeches, while 
the firing batteries, joined once more by the cannoneers who 
had gone ahead in trucks, moved up the valley into the Forest 
of Argonne. 

What a beautiful place it was. Lofty beech trees towered 
above the road, their smooth trunks gleaming in the moon- 
light, their tops lost in the darkness overhead. Deep ravines 
stretched away on either side, cradling soft blankets of mist. 
"Little wonder," writes one of the officers, "that the Argonne 
should have been from time immemorial the scene of tales of 
romance and of the supernatural. Indeed, our imagination 
refuses to connect these charming scenes with the modern 
offensive soon to start in their midst. It seemed as if the op- 
posing forces in this great forest, after making futile attempts 
to destroy each other, had long since succumbed to the magic 
spell cast by these proud woods over the unseemly activities 
of warring human beings." 

But there was enough of the actuality of war to keep one's 
thoughts from soaring too far. At one of our halts we saw 
tired doughboys lying all about by the side of the road, their 
packs still strapped to their backs, sleeping. Replacement 
troops they were, sent in to fill up the depleted ranks of our 
own infantry. Most of them had never been in the lines be- 
fore. 

Skirting the edge of the forest, the batteries proceeded 

157 




Captain Ewell 



through several ruined hamlets, whose crumbling walls gave 
evidence that heavy shelling had once taken place in the now 
quiet region. Great shell craters yawned by the roadside, 
filled with water from the recent rains. 

Presently they came to La Chalade, shell torn and deserted 
save for a few soldiers on duty. One of 
the latter proved to be a marker left there 
by Captain Bateson, who had gone ahead 
to find positions for the guns of his bat- 
talion. He furnished the in- 
formation that the batter- 
ies were to turn 
aside here and pro- 
ceed up the steep 
road that led off 
into the. forest. 

The difficulties 
experienced by both 
battalions in getting into position are well set forth in the fol- 
lowing description written by Major Devereux : 

"My route lay up a winding, narrow, and terrifically steep 
road flanked by high banks. It was necessary to clear and 
keep open this road before the battalion started up, otherwise 
we should be in a nasty jam. 

"Urging on my horse, I had just reached a sharp turn, when 
my worst fears were realized. Down the hill in a steady 
stream came a column of motor trucks, swaying, skidding, and 
giving forth all the squeaks and noises peculiar to their breed. 
I yelled at the first driver to stop, but he paid no attention, 
and I narrowly escaped an ignominious death at his hands. 
Finally I obtained a hearing from one of his followers. He 
was one, he said, of a great many more behind that had just 
delivered ammunition to the gun positions and were going 
back for more. I inquired about the width of the road, and 

158 



learned that it widened out about a quarter of a mile farther 
on. 

" 'But there's a hell of a tie-up ahead of you,' said the driver. 
'The road is covered with tractors.' 

"Sending a mounted messenger back to hold the battalion 
until a clear passage was assured, I hastened up the hill and 
soon encountered the tractors. Looking like giant lizards of 
prehistoric times in the night mist, they literally sprawled all 
over the road, and with them a battery of eight-inch howitzers, 
covered with hugh fish nets and boughs. 

"After much questioning, I found the lieutenant in com- 
mand of these monsters. His temper was at the breaking 
point, for he had been ordered to be in position before morning, 
and here he was on the wrong road, with dawn threatening to 
break at any moment, and movement over this road in daylight 
strictly forbidden. But if he and his pets started down the hill, 
as he threatened to do, it was good-by to my own plans. In 
the most honeyed tones I could command, I reasoned with him, 
and he finally agreed to move to one side of the road and remain 
there. With much growling and snarling both by his men and 
by the monsters, a pathway was cleared. 

"Meanwhile from up the road another truck, in trying to 
'turn on a ten cent piece,' had performed the feat of the Vin- 
dictive in Ostende harbor, and beyond it were blocked a 
motley column of camions and motor ambulances. The 
drivers, dozing on their seats, awaited developments. Coax- 
ing, cursing, ordering, pleading, I rallied a sufficient force to 
attack the truck, and, by overwhelming it with superior num- 
bers, we soon had it turned about. 

"Just as the trucks had moved far enough to leave a pas- 
sage for the on-coming batteries, there suddenly appeared 
from nowhere an ammunition officer, who announced in no 
uncertain tones that he was from some army or corps ammuni- 
tion park with orders to deliver many thousands of rounds of 

159 



Frenchman would have permitted the beautiful Bois de la 
Chalade to be thus laid waste unless great things were to come 
of the sacrifice? Ha, this was something worth being in — 
'the great offensive,' and perhaps, with the help of Providence, 
the last of the war !" 

So the Second Battalion hauled its guns off the road and 
pointed them to the north, ready for whatever might come. 

Meanwhile, Major Sanders, with his battalion, had come up 
behind, and, groping his way in the darkness, had gone into 
position a little farther to the west, not on top of the ridge, 
but well down the forward slope of the northerly ravine. 

The stage was set, the troops were ready, and with eager 
curiosity we awaited the plan of operations for the Argonne 
drive. 




161 




CHAPTER X 

THE ARGONNE DRIVE : "d DAY" 
AND "H HOUR" 

Great operations like the one 
in which we were about to 
engag"e were planned, of course, 
by the supreme command of 
the Allied Armies. Each sepa- 
rate army was given its definite 
task in the general scheme, and 
each commander wa's respon- 
sible for working out the plan of attack for the various corps 
under him. The corps commanders in turn laid out the work 
for the divisions, and the division commanders planned in the 
minutest details just what each brigade had to accomplish. 
From the brigade headquarters the regiments received their 
orders. which stated the precise method and schedule of every 
move that was to be made for days in advance. Thus the 
whole battle was conducted in accordance with a vast and in- 
tricate scheme in which every officer in command of a unit knew 
exactly what was expected of him. The infantry had certain 
definite objectives which must be reached within the time pre- 
scribed, and beyond them second and third objectives, all of 
which must be taken according to schedule. The artillery's 
work, some of which was controlled by the corps commanders, 
and some, like our own, by the division of which the regiments 
were a part, was all related to what the infantry was to do 

In this particular operation, the artillery was to prepare 
the way for the infantry, first by pouring a fire of preparation 
for several hours on specified targets, so as to harass and de- 

162 



moralize the enemy as much as possible, and then when the 
hour for attack arrived, by laying down a barrage in front 
of the infantry as they advanced and thus clearing the ground 
before them. Every conceivable detail, including the length 
of time for each phase of the work, the kind of ammunition 
to be used and the number of rounds per minute for each gun, 
was all carefully worked out and given to the battery com- 
manders a day or two beforehand. The only information 
lacking was the day on which the attack was to be launched, 
known as "D Day," and the hour at which it was to begin, 
called "H Hour." Shortly before the offensive was to be set 
in motion, a message would be delivered to the regimental com- 
manders giving them these two all-important facts, which 
would be transmitted to the battalion and battery commanders 
in time for them to comply with the orders. 

The 77th Division, for the Argonne drive, was assigned to 
the 1st Corps, under the command of Major-General (after- 
ward Lieutenant-General) Hunter Liggett. There was at 
that time but one American army — the First — of which Gen- 
eral Pershing himself took command. Our division occupied 
the extreme left of the American sector, and its lines' extended 
from the western edge of the forest about two-thirds of the 
way across the Argonne. The eastern part was held by the 
28th Division (Pennsylvania National Guard), who had al- 
ready been our neighbors on the Aisne. Our task was to ad- 
vance through the heart of the forest, clear the enemy out of 
his strong concrete defenses, and shove him out into the open 
ground at the north where the Aire River flowed through St. 
Juvin and Grand Pre. His troops were not very numerous, 
but, in addition to his heavy fortifications, he had the advantage 
of a series of thickly wooded ravines which offered admirable 
cover for machine guns, and he had interlaced the underbrush 
with a vast network of barbed wire. The initial attack was to 
be made across a veritable wilderness of shell holes, mine era- 

163 



ters, abandoned trenches, wire entanglements and blasted trees 
— the No-Man's-Land of four years' position warfare — and 
against a series of trench fortifications which had been con- 
stantly improved year by year. 

September 24th and 25th were busy 
Mi >\\ J $','/) days ^ or our regiment. The gun posi- 
tions were prepared, arrangements 
for ammunition supply were per- 
fected, a liaison system was 
installed with runners and 
telephones for quick com- 
munication, and the firing 
data were calculated and 
checked. Reconnais- 
sance officers and non- 
commissioned officers 
went forward, in 
French uniforms, to the 
front lines to lo- 
cate observation 
posts. The most 
novel feature of 
the work was the 
preparation of the 
trees for felling in 
order to clear a 
field of fire for the 
guns. For two 
days the sound of saws and axes rang through the woods. 
Every tree which in any way obstructed the passage of shells 
was cut through so far that a few more strokes would bring 
it down. All along the ridge where the artillery was massed 
the splendid beeches which furnished such perfect conceal- 
ment before the battle were to be demolished. They were 

164 




Every Tree Was Cut Through 



like a drop curtain on a stage: the audience looks at the forest 
scene; then the stage is darkened for a moment, and when the 
lights are turned on the forest had disappeared, and the guns 
that have been hidden are revealed. 
There was with the regiment a 
man who had never yet been in ac- 
tion at the front, Mr. Newberry, 
the regimental Y. M. C. A. 
secretary. He had joined 
us the day after we left the 
Vesle sector. An account 
he has written of his ex- 
periences at the 
beginning of this 
drive will help 
here to give a 



of the 





he 
my 
the 



Beside the Road Was 



fresh and vivid picture 
events which took place. 

"It was my first battle," 
writes. "For three nights 
sleep had been broken by 
creaking and grumbling of guns 
and caissons hauled up the 
ong hill past the echelon. I 
had heard that there were 
hundreds — some said thou- 
sands — of cannon being 
placed in positions beyond us. 
"On the afternoon of 
the 25th Chaplain How- 
ard asked me if I wanted 
to go with him to the 
front. 'Bringalongyour 




Almost Hub to Hub 



money-order book,' he suggested. 'The men always want to 
send their money home when they are going into action.' 

"We walked through an autumn wood, calm and peaceful 
in the afternoon sun. Beside the 
road was a shrine and a little chapel 
which had been used by 
French troops, and 
we stepped inside 
for a few moments. 
Farther on was a 
graveyard behind 
stone walls, its gar- 
lands of artificial 
flowers old and 
broken. All was 
quiet. Even the 
road was deserted 
save for an occa- 
sional truck or wagon or a passing group of soldiers. 

"It did not seem possible that battle was imminent in this 
great grove of beech and pine. The nets of camouflage that 
stretched across the road overhead (a device for preventing 
accurate observation of the highways by aviators) moved 
gently in the soft wind. Birds flitted through the trees or 
sang from the bushes. 

"As we turned into the road that led up from La Chalade 
there was another and grimmer aspect before us. Here were 
the guns in position, French and American cannon of all sizes 
from 75's to siege guns. Almost hub to hub they stood among 
the trees, above and below the road. Their crews in khaki 
and horizon blue, an occasional group of red tufted French 
sailors to add variety, sat or lay about the guns or worked with 
ax and saw in the woods. . . . 

"Arrived at the batteries of our Second Battalion, I ex- 
166 



changed receipts for the money our men were anxious to place 
in less hazardous situation, and dusk had fallen before I real- 
ized it. The Chaplain, returning from a visit to the P. C, 
suggested that we spend the night at the guns and hear the 
battle's opening. 

' 'The battle starts at dawn?' I asked. I had heard the 
rumor. 

" 'H Hour is 5 130,' the Chaplain confided. 'The artillery 
begins at half-past two. We might be of use,' he continued. 
'There may be wounded.' 

"I was willing if I would not be in the way, so together 
we walked on in the gathering darkness to the First Battalion, 
where, after a hasty supper in Captain Doyle's dugout, I was 
escorted to the first-aid station of the battalion, which was in- 
stalled in the same dugout as Captain Lyman's P. C. The 
Chaplain, saying there was no need for us both to be in the 
one place, made his way back through the night to the Second 
Battalion. 

"I felt woefully big, awkward and obstructionable in that 
little square hole in the earth. It was too small to cover its 

needs even with- 
out me. In one 
corner, at a crude 
table under a win- 
dow double-cur- 
tained by a blanket 
was Captain Ly- 
man with his ex- 
ecutive, Lieuten- 
ant McVaugh. 
They were figur- 
ing and checking 
the data for the fir- 
mer which was to 




In a German Dugout 



167 



be done in the morning. A telephone on the desk buzzed fre- 
quent irritating interruptions which necessitated the intrusion 
of orderlies and runners through the curtained doorway of 
the cave and the further crowding of the room. I wondered 
how so tiny a place could possibly house a hospital. 

"But the surgeon, Lieutenant Sams, was establishing one. 
In the farther corner, on a bunk, he had laid out his instruments 
and rolls of gauze and bandages, and the stretchers were leaned 
ag'ainst the wall. Then he sat down on a blanket in his cor- 
ner and began conversation. Lieutenant Sams was from 
Georgia and was a hunter, and we compared experiences in 
low voices that might not interfere with the Captain's calcula- 
tions or his executive's check. 

Lieutenant Sams was young; so was Lieutenant McVaugh; 
but Captain Lyman seemed nothing but a boy. He called in 
his four section leaders to hand them the written orders for 
fire. One of these non-coms on whose shoulders so much re- 
sponsibility was placed was apparently still in his teens, so I 
asked his age. 'Twenty-one' was the answer, 'older than any 
of these others.' It was not a reassurance as to wisdom or 
profound judgment, as I remarked to the Captain. The latter 
added his own age to my indictment — twenty-three ! 'A young 
man's war.' So it has been called, and so I admitted it that 
night. We men of mature age and experience were too slow 
of decision and action — we must sit in the corner of the dug- 
out and try to keep out of the way. 

"The sound of shell fire, always in evidence at the front, 
became brisker and nearer. 'Incoming,' remarked McVaugh, 
reentering from above after a look outside. 

"A moment later they were bursting over us. A peculiar 
odor began to creep in, and instinctively, even before the warn- 
ing word 'Gas !' I was fumbling into my mask. It was adjusted 
and I had begun smothered breathing before the Klaxon out- 
side confirmed the alarm. When I had cleared my eye holes 

1 68 




NO MAN'S LAND— ARGONNE FOREST 



and looked around every man was a glaring gargoyle. I would 
have smiled at the grotesque faces if I had not been afraid of 
losing my mouthpiece. Captain Lyman was leaning over his 
desk, his mask almost touching it, still calculating deflections 
and ranges. Lieutenant Sams, his helmet perched over his 
mask, was burning bits of paper close to the floor. McVaugh 
had gone out again, pulling the curtain carefully shut behind 
him. The runners stood against the wall and breathed slowly 
through the respirators. 

"Captain Lyman lifted his mask and sniffed. Then he re- 
moved it. 'Safe enough now,' he said, and we cautiously lifted 
and sniffed. McVaugh breezed in. 'Nobody hurt,' he de- 
clared, and began the checking of the captain's data. 

"I looked at my watch. It was twenty minutes past twelve. 
'Crack! Crack! Crack!' Seemingly just outside our door 
three shells broke. Then a number more distant. I reached 
for my mask, but neither the captain nor his lieutenant glanced 
up from their work. The Boche was sending them over _in 
quantities now. Their crashing explosions sounded like a bom- 
bardment, and I was certain that our surprise plans had become 
known to the enemy and that he was anticipating our attack 
by a couple of hours. I expected a show of excitement, hur- 
ried orders brought and given, a certain tenseness of dramatic 
crisis, but Captain Lyman went on reading: 'Target number 3 
— base deflection left fifteen, range two seven hundred, twelve 
rounds sweeping — ' and McVaugh would reply, 'Check.' 

"Again the Klaxon sounded and we held our breaths while 
we adjusted masks. On the tail of its mournful sound an or- 
derly burst into the room. 'A shell in the gUn pit, sir, and a 
man badly wounded,' he reported. Captain Lyman and Lieu- 
tenant McVaugh hurried out while Lieutenant Sams, gas mask 
on, prepared for action. 

"In a few moments the stretcher bearers brought in the 
form of Private Clarence Manthe, wounded so seriously that 

169 



one glance told me the only issue. Captain Lyman knelt be- 
side him and soothed him by words of well-earned praise, while 
the surgeon worked to make the last hour of the lad less pain- 
ful. 

"There were other wounds now to be dressed and a gas case 
to be doctored. I sat beside Manthe to ease his passing, press- 
ing my canteen to his lips when the fever burned. 'You are 
going over, boy,' I said softly. 'Is there a 
message I can take ?' 

" 'My mother — tell her I died like 
soldier,' he whispered. 

"I voiced a prayer, the captain 
kneeling alongside, and Manthe 
closed his eyes for the last 
sleep, A few minutes t 
later I nodded to the J 
surgeon. He felt for 
pulse and heart, then 
placed a tag with penciled date and hour upon the breast and 
drew a blanket over the dead. 

"Sergeant Young had been wounded in the wrist by a shell 
fragment but insisted on going back to his gun. 'Stay here,' 
his captain ordered, and the sergeant could but obey. The 
wound seemed slight, but the surgeon saw that it was a danger- 
ous one with the possibility — afterward an eventuality — of 
serious complications ; yet when, later in the day, I rode with the 
boy on the ambulance I was forced to use argument and finally 
diplomacy and coercion to make him go to a hospital. 

"The gas case, Private Broderick, was apparently much more 
serious, for he was an extremely sick man with blinded eyes, 
a hacking cough and a nausea which was pitifully ineffectual 
of relief. But he improved rapidly under treatment and af- 
terwards recovered quickly at the hospital. We all absorbed 
too much Boche gas that night. I picked up a cough which 

I/O 




lasted me several months. There were weak and watery eyes 
for days afterwards."' 

While these things were taking place in A Battery, the other 
organizations were having a more peaceful time. Nowhere 
else was any one hit with incoming shells. The German fire 
was evidently laid down somewhat at random, the gunners 
aiming for the road without any exact knowledge of where 
the guns were located. At the Second Battalion the Chap- 
lain paid a visit to the aid station which Lieutenant McCaleb 
had established in a deep dugout, and asked to be called if any 
wounded should be brought in. Then he went to the only 
place where there was room for him — the dugout shared by the 
three battery commanders — and while the officers figured their 
data he went to sleep on Captain Perin's bunk. 

About ten o'clock in the evening the order was given to fell 
the trees doomed to sacrifice. Details of men went out with 
axes to give the final blows. There was a grating, crunching 
sound, then a terrific crash, and the first great monarch of the 
forest plunged head foremost down the hill. From that mo- 
ment on, the woods reechoed with the swishing and crashing 
of falling trees, until the roar was so great it seemed as if the 
enemy must hear it. Toward midnight the work was all but 
finished and the sound died down ; and then for some time, save 
for the hit-or-miss shelling by the Germans, the quiet was un- 
broken. 

About two o'clock there was a stir all along the ridge as the 
gun crews, alert for the hour for attack, busied themselves with 
their final preparations. 

While our men were thus engaged, there began a rumble 
of guns far off to the left. Nearer and nearer it came, as bat- 
tery after battery all along the line received the command to 
fire. Then the heavy guns all about us burst forth with a roar 
that echoed down the ravines and rattled the doors and win- 
dows in the dugouts. The whole forest seemed to rock with 



the concussion, and the sky was ablaze with flashes of light. 
At their guns our cannoneers stood eagerly waiting, while 
the section chiefs, watch in hand, counted the minutes as the 
hands moved toward two-thirty. Then, at a nod from the sec- 
tion leader, each number two picked up a shell and shoved it 
into the breech of his gun. Number one closed the breech with 
a bang and took hold of the lanyard. There was a tense mo- 
ment of waiting. Then, 'Fire!' In an instant every gun in 
the regiment leaped on its carriage and sent its shell hurtling 
over the tops of the trees in the valley below. Now the whole 
mass of artillery was crashing forth its storm of destruction 
into the trenches and dugouts and ravines on the other side of 
No-Man's-Land. The roar of the 
guns, the tinkling of the empty shell 
cases as they were tossed aside, the 
voices of the officers and section chiefs 
as they gave their commands, the 
whizz of the departing shells all mingled 
in one vast racket and 
confusion of noise that 
no pen can describe. 

While the opening of 
the battle was dramatic 
enough for those who 
were actually at the 
guns, in the dugouts of 
the battalion and battery 
commanders the mo- 
mentous hour came and 
passed almost unheeded. 
Mr. Newberry was disap- 
pointed. "I expected excite- 
ment and movement," he 
writes. "Certainly the Cap- 




A Shell on Either Shoulder 



172 



tain and his executive would bestir themselves and shout orders 
either directly or to messengers or over the telephone. This 
dramatic moment of a great battle's open- 
ing- must have its setting on martial com- 
mand. However, 
those last few sec- 
onds before two- 
thirty ticked away, 
while Cap- 
tain Lyman 
and Lieuten- 
a n t M c - 
Vaugh fig- 
u r e d and 
checked, and 
the surgeon 
cleaned "his 
instruments and the gassed 
men coughed. . . . 

"When the guns had been busy 
for some time I went up the stairs 
to breathe deep of the sweet fresh 
air. Lit by the flash of the guns, 
there was a narrow trench through 
which men were hastening with a shell on either shoulder, a 
string of busy ants. There in the shallow pits worked the 
gunners, three or four to a cannon, throwing shells into the 
breech with incredible rapidity. But again I felt in the way — 
me with nothing to do when every one else had more than 
enough — and I started back to the dugout. Day was dawning, 
— a dawn through clouds of smoke. 

" 'All going out, nothing coming in,' laughed McVaugh be- 
side me. I noticed that this noise was all our own. No Boche 
shells were bursting over or about us. 

173 




Our Fire Increased in Intensity 




" 'We've silenced them !' I exulted. 

" 'More likely they've turned them all on the infantry,' he 
replied. 'They know by now that something big is coming.' 

"I glanced at my watch: 5:20. 'Nearly time for the start,' 
I said. 

" 'The barrage begins in ten minutes. 
Come and see what has been done by 
our fire.' 

"We made our way through 
fallen trees to the brow of the 
hill to find that heavv smoke 
and fog in the val- 
ley made any ob- 
servation impossible, _,^^ '(-^(^J^bb}^ 
and came back to the /<<J^feigSii 
dugout. Captain Ly- * "'^^r^^^isJ^-u 
man, hatless and smil- ^^^mm^i 

ing, stood on the stairs . ™ **^' „ 

,,,.., A Chance to Get a Little Rest 

breathing in the morn- 
ing. 'Any view over there?' he asked. The lieutenant shook 
a negative. 

"There had been no perceptible cessation in our fire, but now 
it increased in force and intensity. It was a monstrous ket- 
tle-drum with sticks in the hands of the god of war who rattled 
out noisy death. 

' 'They'll go over now," yelled McVaugh above the roar. 

" 'God help 'em !' answered the Captain. 'Let's get break- 
fast.' " 

While these officers refreshed themselves with bacon, bread 
and coffee, and others, tired out with their night's labors, lay 
down for a snatch of sleep, and the cannoneers, working in 
shifts, continued their toil, the infantry went over the top. 
There was no wild charge with flashing bayonets and yelling 
fighters. Out of their trenches they filed through the fog and 

174 



smoke as, led by guides, they picked their way among the 
treacherous holes and ditches of No-Man's-Land to the gaps 
which had been made in the intricate tangles of barbed wire. 




Prisoners Began to Appear 



Moving single file in small groups they crossed that awful 
wilderness while the shells from their artillery screamed over 
their heads. They were greeted by the German cannon, which 
dropped high explosive and gas in their way, and, as they pro- 
ceeded toward the enemy trenches a rain of machine gun 
bullets spattered about them. But the resistance was slight, 
for most of the Boche had either taken shelter under ground or 
fled before the murderous barrage. 

Everything went according to schedule on this first day of 
the drive. As the infantry advanced, our guns slackened their 
fire and finally ceased altogether. Groups of prisoners began 
to appear as the morning wore on. Save for occasional firing 
by the big guns, the day was quiet on the Chalade road. Our 
men had a chance to get a little rest and to clean and grease 
their pieces. Toward evening word was brought that the divi- 
sion had obtained all its objectives. So far the drive had been 
a success, and yet we knew that beyond the positions which 

175 



had been captured lay several, miles of unbroken forest where 
the Germans, now fully awake to the magnitude of the offen- 
sive, would undoubtedly reenforce and fortify themselves 
anew in their well-prepared positions and settle down for a 
stiff resistance to anv further advance. 




176 




les were packing 



CHAPTER XI 

THE ARGONNE DRIVE: 
THROUGH THE FOREST 

On the evening of 
September 26th the ar- 
tillery was ordered to 
advance and take np 
new positions in support 
of the infantry. By 
eleven o'clock the batter- 
up and moving out along the dark roads. 
Forward they went, through ravines, across brooks, picking 
their way in the night among rocks and stumps and trees. 
Sometimes the hills were so steep that six horses could not pull 
up a gun, and it was necessary to unhitch other teams and add 
them to the haul. Then, while the drivers urged and coaxed 
and swore, the cannoneers would put their shoulders to the 
wheels and heave, and the gun would lurch its way to the top. 
After many hours of labor all the batteries were in position in 
a ravine near what had been the front line the night before, at 
Le Four de Paris. There they stayed for two days, firing al- 
most constantly in a pouring rain. 

One of the cannoneers, who had been left behind with a 
detail to bring up ammunition, gives some interesting bits in 
his diarv: 



"At 7 a. m. when limbers came back, loaded same and ad- 
vanced to positions. . . . Was pretty well drenched. Huns 
tried to counter attack at 5 p. m. and we sent over a barrage 

177 



which foiled them. After mess was put in charge of two G. S. 
limbers with Bill and told to go to old positions and draw ra- 
tions. Very dark night, raining, muddy and hard to see. Got 
in barbed wire entanglements, ran into trees, 
and feet in slop over shoe tops. Returned at 
2.30 A. M." 



While the batteries were firing 
on the 27th and 28th, a few 
officers and men had gone 
forward to reconnoiter 
in the direction of 
Binarville and Abri 
du Crochet, and 
the follow- 




ing the guns 
dered to move 



daybreak 
ing morn- 
were or- 
f orward 
toward the latter 
ace. This advance 
took us out across 
had been No-Man's- 
and our men got their 
first sight of the hideous desola- 
tion of that awful wilderness. 
The roads had long since ceased to 
[I be roads, so torn and mangled were 
they, so full of treacherous holes and 
miry bogs. Save for a few engineers 
working at a task which seemed about as 
hopeless as baling out the ocean, the only 
sign of life was an occasional crow perched 
on a skeleton tree, in raucous notes calling attention to the ruin- 
ous domain of which he was left in undisputed possession. 
The Second Battalion went into position on the side of a deep 
178 



Put Their Shoulders 
to the Wheel 



ravine near a place called Barricade Pavilion, which had been 
a point of strong resistance for the Germans in their line of 
defense. The First Battalion, tempo- 
rarily under command of Captain H. 
B. Perrin, pushed on farther and 
reached Abri du Crochet. 
(Major Sanders had been 
called away to Division Head- 
quarters the previous night, 
and had gone, leaving his ad- 
jutant in command. He did 
not rejoin the regiment until 
November fourth, so that for 
a considerable period the op- 
erations of the battalion were 
directed by Captain Perrin, 
with Lieutenant Boyd act- 
ing as adjutant.) For a 
day or two there was little 
firing, because of uncer- 
tainty regarding the exact 
location of the infantry's 
front lines. This was also 
the reason for the fact that the Second Battalion, in its next ad- 
vance, moved so far forward that the guns could not be used at 
all, for they were too close to the infantry to be able to fire over 
their heads without landing far beyond the targets they wished 
to hit. Indeed, enemy machine-gun bullets, intended for the 
infantry, spattered right in among the cannoneers, one of 
whom, Private Busch, was wounded. 

It was in that position, on October 3rd, that two privates in 
the Medical Detachment earned a citation for bravery. Cor- 
poral Mack, of Headquarters Company, who was with the 
Second Battalion wireless detail, had been seriously wounded 

179 




An Occasional Crow 



by a shell which wrecked the wagon in which the apparatus 
was packed. He was lying in an exposed position, and the 
two medical men, Robinson and Warns, went to his assist- 
ance. Disregarding the shells which were bursting all around 
them, these two men dressed the corporal's wounds, put him 
on a litter, and carried him to shelter. Probably the only rea- 
son they were not killed or wounded was the softness of the 
ground, which allowed the shells to sink in before they burst 
and prevented to some extent the deadly flying of broken frag- 
ments. Both men were covered with mud thrown up by the 
explosions. 

The battalion remained in that position only for one day. 
The infantry, meeting heavy resistance, did not advance as 
rapidly as had been hoped, and Major Devereux decided to 
move his guns back to Abri du Crochet where he could do some 
effective firing. There, with the two battalions only a few 
hundred meters apart, the batteries remained until October 
8th. While frequent reconnaissances were made to prepare 
for further advances the guns were busy, firing for the most 
part on machine gun nests which, cleverly concealed in 
the thick underbrush and skillfully manned by expert gun- 
ners, were making the progress of the infantry extremely 
difficult. 

During this period a battalion of the 308th Infantry, off to 
our left, after advancing and capturing a hill, . found their 
flanks dangerously exposed. On attempting to withdraw far 
enough to reestablish a connection with the troops on either 
side, their commander, Major Whittlesey, found that his bat- 
talion was surrounded by the enemy. In spite of all the Ger- 
mans' attempts to annihilate his men or compel him to sur- 
render, Major Whittlesey held out until, on October 7th, the 
enemy was obliged to withdraw. Our guns took part in a big 
attack which was planned to relieve this battalion on the morn- 
ing of the 7th. The attack itself was not successful, "but [to 

180 




ifcftk 



E ADVANCE HROUGH E ARGOXXE 



quote General McCloskey's report] the artillery fire caused 
such losses to the enemy in men and material as to compel his 
withdrawal" the following night. 

While the batteries were firing from these positions, Colonel 
McCleave was established close by in a dugout alongside the 
one occupied by General Wittenmeyer and his 153rd Infantry 
Brigade headquarters. The various officers and men con- 
nected with our regimental headquarters were living in dug- 
outs in a ravine behind the Second Battalion. Some of these 
places were very interesting. They had been built for per- 
manent quarters by the Germans, and were fitted up with 
conveniences such as we had never dreamed of. Five of our 
officers slept in a dugout which had belonged to a German 
battery commander. It was nothing less than a little house, 
built of concrete, in the side of the ravine. The door opened into 
a sitting-room about twelve feet square, wainscoted in dark 
wood and equipped with comfortable chairs, tables, closets and 
built-in bookcases. In the corner was a brick stove. The ceil- 
ing was made of steel I-beams, painted white. The bed room 
adjoining was finished like the sitting room, and contained a 
wash-stand and a brass bedstead. Both rooms were equipped 
with electric light fixtures, and both had glass windows with 
heavy steel shutters which, when closed at night, prevented 
any light from escaping. Outside was a little terrace on which 
stood a rustic table and chairs and several urns in which palms 
were growing. In another dugout near by was a vast quantity 
of bottles of excellent mineral water. They had lived well in 
the Argonne, these Germans. So had the French. And why 
not? For nearly four years these dugout villages had been 
their winter and summer homes. 

A little farther to the rear, in a ravine occupied by a battery 
of the 306th F. A., was a good example of what our infantry 
was having to contend with in their advance through the forest. 
The side of the ravine, which sloped at an angle of some forty- 

181 



xp"^^ 



five degrees, was covered with underbrush and trees. At the 
top of the hill was a mass of barbed wire, so thick that even 
now it was difficult to find an opening through which to pass. 

Behind the barbed 
' s-JS wire were deep 
trenches, and scat- 
tered along at inter- 
vals of a few meters 
were machine gun 
emplacements. Here 
the German rear 




Impatient Horses and Exasperated 
Drivers 



guards had made one of 
their stands, and the Ameri- 
can infantry had scrambled up 
that hill in the face of a wicked 
fire and driven them out. 
Many unburied dead of both 
armies told how bitter had been the struggle. 

The frequent moves made by our batteries made it neces- 
sary to keep the horses near the guns. Each battery there- 
fore maintained a forward echelon at some place where the 
problem of water would not be impossible. In spite of the 
heavy rainfall, which was becoming a matter of almost daily 
occurrence, good watering places were scarce, and the few 
ravines where springs were found were cluttered morning and 

182 




evening with long lines of impatient horses and exasperated 
drivers. In the course of a few days the watering was ar- 
ranged in some sort of order by the battalion commanders from 
the various regiments, but at first it 
was a wild push and scramble to see 
who could get first to the meager 
troughs. 

The main echelon was still on 
the south side of the old No- 
Man's-Land, for the roads were 
in such a terrible state and traf- 
fic was so congested that the 
division supply trains could not 
get through. Our own Supply 
Company, therefore, had its regi- 
mental dump at the echelon, and 
the drivers were obliged to 
take their escort wagons up 
daily by roads which were well- 
nigh impassable. New divisions were coming in — the 82nd 
was relieving the 28th on our right, and the 78th was moving 
in behind us — with the result that trucks and wagons and guns 
and men were pushing and crowding along in unutterable con- 
fusion. There was a traffic jam near a crossroad at Abri 
du Crochet one evening which blocked the passage of every 
vehicle during the entire night. The accumulating congestion 
extended back for miles, and it was not until daylight that the 
tangle was unraveled. 

The unceasing toil was beginning to tell on our men. They 
were tired, dirty, ragged, lousy. They had not had a bath 
(save, perhaps, with an occasional bucket full of water) for 
two months. They had had no change of clothes, not even 
underclothes, for more than five weeks. Nearly every one, 
both officers and men, had lice, and some had fleas. And they 

183 



Tired, Dirty, Ragged, and Lousy 



were worn out. "When are we going to get relieved?" was 
the question asked a hundred times a day. 

Then news began to reach us of the great Allied successes 
on every front from the English Channel to the Holy Land. 
We heard that the Turkish armies in the East had been shat- 
tered, that Bulgaria had caved in, that the British were driving 




Roads were in Terrible Shape 



the Boche hard in Flanders, 
and the French were crowd- 
ing them back toward Laon. 
Then came the word that Ger- 
many and Austria had asked 
for an armistice ! The war was not over, but surely the 
end was in sight, and that thought wrought a miracle in the 
morale of the regiment. The men forgot that they were tired, 
forgot that they were dirty, forgot that they needed new 
clothes, forgot everything except that the enemy was in front 
of us, that our heroic infantry were advancing through diffi- 
cult and dangerous terrain and needed our support, and that 
the one important thing in the world now was to fire every 
shot so that it should count toward bringing the whole 
wretched business to a speedy end. In that spirit the men at 
the guns went on with their laborious work. In that spirit 
the drivers brought up the ration wagons, the cooks prepared 
the meals, the linemen ran their miles of new telephone wires, 

184 



the messengers carried their despatches at night through the 
inky blackness of the forest. Every man did his work", what- 
ever it might be, with an amazing willingness ; and .when, on 
October 8th, the order came to advance again, the whole atti- 
tude was, "Come on: let's go to it and finish the job!" 

The advance which followed was a long one. The German 
lines had been driven almost clear of the forest. With only 
one or two stops for firing, the First Battalion went away off 
to the northwest and took up a position on a hill just east of 
Malassise Farm, across the river from Grand Ham, while the 
Second Battalion went equally as far and established itself near 
La Besogne. Regimental headquarters was located in the Bois 
de Taille, and the main echelon was set up not far from 
Lancon. These positions were taken by October ioth, and 
on the nth our guns began to fire on German troops beyond 
the Argonne Forest across the River Aire. 

All this time we had been keeping four of our guns forward 
with the infantry. They had not been called upon to do much 
firing during the progress through the forest. The infantry 
commanders, under whose direct orders they were placed, 
found it difficult, with observation rendered impossible by the 
nature of the ground and the woods, to use them. But now 
that the Germans were out of the woods, direct observation 
was easy, and the "pirate pieces" did great execution on the 
machine gun nests across the river. Moreover, the artillery 
observers could now establish O. P.'s on the heights south of 
the Aire, from where the fire of all the batteries could be ac- 
curately adjusted. 

The division had reached the enemy's line of resistance 
known as the Kriemhilde Stellung, and for the first time since 
the drive started we were confronted with a large quantity 
of heavy artillery with which the Germans hoped to prevent 
our further advance. This called for a kind of work we had 
not done since we left the Aisne, namely the smashing of Boche 

185 



batteries in an attempt to put them out of action. It was 
a great relief to fire at such definite targets after the uncer- 
tain work in the forest, and the observers in their O. P.'s 
and the battalion and battery commanders at their guns en- 
joyed the test of real skill in directing and adjusting their fire. 
The rain was still constant, and the men were soaked a good 
part of the time and their blankets at night were laid in mud ; 
but they worked with a will, knowing that their shots were 
telling. The American heavy artillery attached to the Corps 
had not yet been able to come up, so that for a while all this 
counter-battery work had to be done by the field artillery, 
and every gun had its full share of important work. 

On the morning of Sunday, October 13th, we were greeted 
with the news, telephoned down from corps and division head- 
quarters, that Germany and Austria had agreed to President 
Wilson's terms for an armistice. That they had asked for 
terms we knew, and also that the President had replied that 
no armistice could be granted so long as their troops occu- 
pied invaded territory and their submarines were engaged in 
unlawful practices at sea, nor so long as their governments 
were responsible to any one except the people themselves. To 
this the two Central Powers had now replied that they would 
withdraw their forces from France' and Belgium and recall 
their submarines, and pointed out that such changes had 
taken place in the governments that those in control were now 
answerable to the people. This looked like the beginning of 
capitulation, and hopes ran high that an armistice might be 
proclaimed which would, at least, give the army a chance to 
rest. Some grew so hopeful as to place bets that an order 
to suspend hostilities would be forthcoming within twenty-four 
hours. 

No such order came, however. Rather were we told to in- 
crease our efforts to crush and break the German lines. That 
very day preparations were begun for an attack on Grand 

186 



Pre, and, while most of the preparatory fire was conducted 
by the 305th F. A., backed up by the heavier guns of the 306th, 
our own batteries 
took some part in 
the destruction of 
fleeting targets and 
in protecting the 
302nd Engineers 
while they were 
constructing bridges 
across the Aire. 
On the 15th, the at- 
tack was carried 
out, and the 154th 
Brigade of Infantry 
captured the town. 

Another impor- 
tant engagement in 
which our regiment 
had a larger part was the attack on St. Juvin, on October 14th. 
This place was at the extreme right of our sector, where the 
lines of the 77th Division joined those of the 82nd, and it was 
a strategic point in the Kriemhilde Stellung. A general ad- 
vance was to be made by the entire First Corps, but the particu- 
lar objective assigned to the 153rd Infantry Brigade, whom 
we were still supporting, was the town of St. Juvin. There 
was to be some preparatory fire by the artillery, in which all 
our batteries took part, and at 8 130 A. m. the infantry was to 
attack from the east of Marcq, which was really out of our 
sector. 

The most exciting part of the battle for our regiment was 
that played by a pirate piece under command of Lieutenant 
Richard, of Battery D, who had been, since October 9th, on 
dutv with the infantry. About midnight on the 13th he re- 

187 




Juvin 



ceived orders to take his gun out beyond where the infantry's 
front lines were located and go into position where he might 
be able to do whatever firing should be required by the in- 
fantry battalion commander. It was necessary for him to start 
at dawn, move out along the La Besogne-Marcq road, which 
was in full view of the enemy, pass through the town of Marcq, 
which was daily being subjected to heavy shell fire, and reach 
the front lines by 7:30. 

What this experience meant to the men is vividly described 
by the section chief in charge of the gun. Sergeant Grandin, 
in a letter written shortly after the battle. "The Lieutenant 
called me into his dugout," he writes, "and showed me where 
we were to go. ( Imagine ! For a full kilometer in plain view 
of the Boche and headed straight for the enemy lines.) It 
looked like certain death for some of us, but in the army orders 
are orders, and it was up to us to carry them out. . . . 

"Away we went about 5 a. m., none too confident, but will- 
ing. It was raining like the dickens and the 
mud was ankle deep. Nature was with us, 
for as we came to the open part of the 
road there was a dense fog, and we got 
along finely until we 
reached the town." 

Upon arriving in 
Marcq, Lieutenant Rich- 
ard left Sergeant Grandin 
in charge of the gun while 
he went forward to re- 
connoiter. The Sergeant 
started his gun up the hill, 
but found the six horses 
unable to make the haul, 
so that he was obliged to 
wait for one of the 




Telephone Men Establishing Connections 



wagons, which for the sake of precaution was keeping a re- 
spectful distance behind, and take an extra team to put on the 
gun. He then went ahead to make sure of the position selected 
by the Lieutenant, and, after being nearly picked off by snipers, 
found him in the only available place — behind a clump of 
bushes, in front of which the ground sloped away unbroken by 
woods or cover of any kind toward the German lines. There 
were a few trees near by, and in one of these Lieutenant Rich- 
ard established his O. P., while the telephone men set about es- 
tablishing connections with the infantry P. C. 

The Boche had started to fire, and was dropping shells 
on the road and near the gun position, but time was pressing. 
The Sergeant went back to the road and signaled to the driv- 
ers to bring up their gun. "With the men riding like jockeys, 
they fairly flew up the hill, dropped the gun, and got away 
again without a scratch. The Boche shells seemed to just miss 
them each time. 

"We had about twenty minutes to get set before the in- 
fantry was to go over. The latter and the machine gunners 
were all dug in, some in front, and some just behind us. There 
were an awful lot of machine guns there, each of which, we 
were told, was to fire at the rate of a hundred rounds a minute 
for a while before the advance was to start. One of their 
officers advised us to lie flat on our bellies, as their bullets 
would pass about two feet above the ground. We got things 
ready and lay flat on the ground or in shell holes and waited. 
Lieutenant Richard was up in his tree. 

"About quarter past eight the machine guns let loose, and 
what a racket ! It would have been impossible for us to fire 
even if we had been able to stand up, for no one could have 
heard the commands. Some of the bullets clipped leaves from 
the tree where the Lieutenant was sitting. 

"The machine guns had just finished their barrage when I 
heard a voice cry out, 'On your feet; load rifles; fix bayonets; 

189 



gas masks ; keep cool and give 'em hell !' Where they all came 
from I don't know, but here were the infantry, going over 
the top. Such a sight! The expression on their faces — I 
can never forget it! The big and small guns were all ablaze 
by this time and the shells were flying over our heads. ' The 
attack was on. 

"As soon as the doughboys had passed, we jumped to our 
feet and got into the party ourselves. Telephone communi- 
cation had become impossible, owing to the fact that the wires 
were being continually cut by shells. Every time the line- 
men went out they found three or four breaks. Our orders 
were therefore brought by a runner: 'Open up on any suit- 
able target.' Lieutenant Richard picked out a party of Boche 
near St. Juvin, and we blazed at them. We had fired just 
four shots when the Hun spotted us — the flash of our guns 
had given us away. We managed to get off three more under 
terrific shell fire, but then it became too hot." 

Lieutenant Richard was about to move his piece to a healthier 
position when the enemy guns shifted their fire to another 
target, and he decided to try again. After a half a dozen 
shots had been fired, however, there poured in a rain of high 
explosive and gas, and the men were ordered to take shelter. 

A change of position was imperative if the piece was to do 
any effective work. Accordingly, during the next lull, the 
drivers and cannoneers, led with great coolness and skill by 
Corporal McDonough, dashed up to the gun with the horses 
in record-breaking time, and limbered the gun. Then, while 
the cannoneers scooted on foot, the drivers lashed their horses 
into a gallop, and away they went, bumping and lurching over 
rocks and holes, across a railroad track, and into a sheltered 
place behind the crest of the hill. The Boche saw them going 
and opened fire. Gas shells which necessitated the putting on 
of masks complicated the move, and two men, Privates Tansey 
and Johnson, were wounded; but the crew got the gun safely 

190 



to its new position, and during the rest of the attack they fired 
without further accident. They had the satisfaction of know- 
ing that they were repaying the Boche for all the trouble he 
had given them, for the observers, watching the bursts of their 





lUUWMiljO- 

Our Echelon Was Subjected to 
Annoying Fire 



shells, saw them working havoc 
in the German lines. 

The whole attack, in which 
this forward piece had a small 
but interesting part, was a splen- 
did success. St. Juvin was cap- 
tured, and with it a considerable 
number of prisoners, and the entire front of the First Corps 
was advanced as the Germans were compelled to fall back to 
new positions in the rear. 

Meantime Colonel McCleave, taking with him a minimum 
number of officers and men on account of the danger, had ad- 
vanced his P. C. to La Besogne. There both the regimental 
headquarters and the batteries were subjected to considerable 
heavy shelling, in which several men were wounded and a 

191 



number of horses killed. Some of the infantry of the 
78th Division, who were moving in to relieve the 77th, were 
in the same ravine with our battery kitchens and horse lines, 
and they suffered heavy casualties. The First Battalion, in 
their positions at La Malassise Farm, did a great deal of firing, 
but came out practically unscathed. Our main echelon, near 
Lanqon, was subjected to some annoying enfilade fire on several 
occasions, but no real damage was done. All things consid- 
ered, the 304th was remarkably fortunate throughout this 
whole Argonne drive. 

The news that our division was to be relieved was received 
with enthusiasm by a weary lot of soldiers. Tired as they 
were, our men knew that the infantry had suffered far more 
heavily in their steady advance through what General Pershing 
in his official report has called "the almost impenetrable and 
strongly held Argonne Forest," and they were as glad for the 
doughboys' sakes as for their own that relief was in sight. 
The Division Commander had not asked for it: he preferred 
to leave that decision to the higher command, who knew the 
circumstances and should be able to judge when our services 
could be spared. Nevertheless, both officers and men were glad 
when, on the nights of the 14th and 15th,' the infantry of the 
78th Division took over the lines held by our 153rd and 154th 
Brigades respectively. Our own guns remained in position 
until the change was effected, and then, one by. one as their 
places were taken by fresh troops, our batteries moved out. 
By the afternoon of the 16th the last organization to leave the 
front lines was on its way to the rear for a rest, a bath, a 
chansre of clothes and a new lease on life. 



192 








CHAPTER XII 



THE FINAL PUSH 



We had a long but easy march. The roads had been put 
into fairly good shape by labor battalions brought up from the 
rear, and there was little congestion of traffic. When, at 
nightfall, we reached our destination, it seemed as though, we 
had arrived in the promised land. Not that the place was at- 
tractive. We were in a very flat part of the valley of the 
Biesme, into which seeped all the water from the steep hills 
on both sides, making it soggy under foot — too wet for com- 
fortable camping. But at least we were free once more from 
the strain and toil of the front, and we had in prospect a bath 
and a complete outfit of new clothes. Between La Hazaree and 
Le Four de Paris the Sanitary Corps had erected a bath tent, 
with shower baths and hot water; and in the adjoining tent 
was a huge pile of good, warm, woolen underclothes and socks, 
new flannel shirts, and winter-weight uniforms. 

While the men were being bathed and clothed, word came 
that the officers were to be allowed a three days' leave at the 
discretion of the regimental commander, and a dozen or more 
promptly availed themselves of the opportunity and started 
for Nice {via Paris, of course — in going from any place in 
France to any other place, it is always necessary to pass 
through Paris!). 

193 




C&M.J. 



Clean once more, and com- 
fortably dressed, the troops 
found that their spirits rose, 
and they were quite willing to 
forego any further move to- 
ward a real rest area if only they 
might be let alone for a while. Some 
one discovered a piano in an old recrea- 
tion room at the foot of the hill, and, hear-, 
ing that part of the 306th was to be bil- 
leted there, our men carried the piano off bodily 
and deposited it in the shed which Captain 
Ewell had taken over for a supply room. There for an even- 
ing or two music and song and laughter sounded hour after 
hour. 

Then we found that the military au- 
thorities had what seemed to many of 
the men to be original ideas about rest, 
for, after giving us two days in which 
to clean up and get the guns and wagons 
and harness into good shape, they issued 
a training schedule a mile long which pro- 
vided close order drills and gun drills, 
equitation and radio schools, and all the 
old stuff that we had agonized over for 
two months at Camp de Souge. Every 
experienced officer will see that this was 
necessary to restore the discipline which 
had been relaxed during 
the fighting; but a feeling 
of gloom spread through 
the regiment and all the 
troops around us. Why 
Air Activities couldn't we be let alone ! 




^ST" 



IQ4. 



Suddenly, out of a clear sky, came an order which changed 
everything. The whole division was directed to pack up and 
be ready to move. The officers who had gone on leave were 
wired to report to their organizations at once — the telegrams 
were awaiting them when they arrived at Nice. On October 
25th the regiment was again on the road in march order. No 
one could imagine what was up. It seemed incredible that 
the 77th Division, especially the infantry, who had suffered 
such terrible hardships and lost so many men through wounds 
and exposure, was to be sent back again into battle. 

Yet such was evidently the case, for our route lay directly 
across the forest toward the northeast. After one night spent 
near our old positions at Abri du Crochet, we turned into the 
valley of the Aire and marched northward to Chatel Chehery,. 
where the whole regiment halted and pitched camp. There- 
we had a good view of the main road, and day after day as we 
waited on the edare of the forest we watched an ever-increas- 







Shower Baths and Hot Water 
195 



Ing stream of troops, guns, trucks, and wagons pouring past 
us. Another drive was in preparation ! 

If any one had doubts on the subject, they would have been 
dispelled by a trip out to the point where our guns were ordered 
to take up their positions. The narrow sector assigned to 
our division was already so crowded with artillery that we 
were obliged to go over into the territory of the 8oth Division 
on our right, and our batteries therefore crossed the Aire and 
proceeded through the town of Fleville, and then off to the right 
to the high hills overlooking the village of Sommerance. Our 
men thought they had seen massed artillery when the Argonne 
drive started, but that was as nothing compared to the vast 
array of cannon that now blocked every road and covered 
every hillside throughout the entire region. There were great 
naval guns, and the long and powerful 155mm. rifles; there 
were enormous 9.2 inch howitzers that had to be hoisted on 
and off their carriages by cranes; there were batteries of 120's 
and 90's, 155mm. howitzers like the 3o6th's, and finally an 
abundance of 75's like our own, manned by both French and 
American gunners. Surely, here was an operation worth be- 
ing in. Perhaps — who knew? — it might prove to be the final 
drive which, coupled with the terrific British offensive in 
progress up in Flanders, and the aggressive onslaught of the 
French north of Laon, would break the German armies and 
force them back to the Rhine ! 

There was no mystery about this drive, as there had been 
about the start of the Argonne offensive. There was no forest 
to cover us, and the troops in double and even triple columns 
were streaming along the great arteries of traffic in broad day- 
light. Division after division crowded in: marines, regular 
army, national army, national guard, and all (save for a con- 
siderable number of French batteries of artillery) were Ameri- 
can troops. 

Here, for the first time in our experience, vast squadrons of 
196 



American airplanes soared overhead. They seemed to come 
in droves, some sailing, in their peculiar V-shaped formations, 
toward the German lines, some circling about to protect the 
observation balloons, some swooping down from high up in 







Taps for Private Brad}' 



>t& 



the clouds to pounce upon an occasional Boche plane that ven- 
tured over to pick up information. Fights in the air became 
a matter of daily occurrence. Sometimes there would be two 
or three going on at once, and we were distracted trying to 
watch them. 

Once, when the sound of machine guns was heard overhead, 
and our men rushed out of their tents to see what was going 
on, the air was so filled with planes that no one knew where to 
look. It was on that occasion that some one called out, "Get 
your official programs here! You cannot tell the individual 
players without a program!"' It was like trying to watch a 
three-ringed circus. 

There were several days of anxious waiting. They were 
197 



anxious because the gun positions, where only a few men were 
on guard, were being shelled every night, and we were having 
some casualties before ever the real battle began. One shell 
struck in A Battery's kitchen, riddling pots and pans with 
holes and wrecking the dugout where the cook slept, and an- 
other burst beside one of B's guns and killed one of their most 
loyal and trustworthy soldiers, Private James Brady. 

At last, after several false alarms, the order came on Oc- 
tober 31st to send the full gun crews out to the positions. 
The battalion commanders had established their P. C.'s on a 
very high hill behind the guns, from where, if the weather was 
clear, they could see far into the German lines. Colonel Mc- 
Cleave moved his headquarters to Cornay where he had quick 
connections both with his batteries and with the infantry. 
Lieutenant McVaugh, of Battery A, and Lieutenant Mc- 
Dougall, of Battery E, were sent forward with pirate pieces 
to the infantry lines, and everything was ready. 

The plan of battle for our sector was for the 77th Divi- 
sion, after the usual artillery preparation, to send forward its 
infantry from St. Juyin and on the first day to capture the 
town of Champigneulle. As soon as the town was in our 
hands, the artillery was to rush forward and take up new posi- 
tions to support a further advance. "D day" was announced 
as November 1st, and "H hour" as 5 130 a. m. 

As the evening wore on, every one who could do so lay 
down for a little sleep, but there was a tenseness of expectation 
.^-^, ( that made rest difficult. 

~^jTj^Lt.l, \a Soon after midnight, the Ger- 

man guns began their usual sere- 
nade. All over the slope where 
our batteries were across the val- 
ley and up toward the battalion 
P. C.'s they plastered their rain of 
shells. It seemed impossible that 
198 




no one was being hit, but, at the aid stations the surgeons 
waited in vain for any reports of trouble. 

After about a half hour the shelling ceased, and then began 
the answering barrage from the American big guns. Heavier 
and heavier grew the fire, with ever-increasing intensity as 
more and more batteries let loose their awful roar. The air 
shook with the concussion, the hills seemed to rock, and the 
sky for miles around was lit by the flashes that belched from 
the mouths of a thousand cannon. So mighty was the volume 
of sound that when, at 3 130, our own little guns joined in with 
their vicious bark, men back on the hill behind them could 
not tell when their fire began. 

Yet without doubt the Germans knew ! Every gun had its 
definite target, and by accurate registering the previous day 
each battery commander had been able to calculate perfectly 
his range and direction. One platoon was sweeping back and 
forth along a road which the Boche must use to shift their 
troops. Another was pouring its rain of death into a wood 
where Huns were camped. Another was smothering a trench 
where machine gunners were hidden, while a fourth was blast- 
ing to pieces an infantry battalion's P. C. There was not a 
gun in the whole vast array but had its definite part in turn- 
ing the enemy's lines into a living hell. 

Five-thirty came, and as the infantry went over the top, our 
fire increased in its intensity. Day was breaking, but a heavy 
mist obscured the scene so that we could not tell just what was 
going on. Moreover, our own infantry, it will be remembered, 
were considerably to our left, quite out of our line of vision, 
so that we were compelled to wait impatiently for news of their 
progress. 

By 7:30, groups of Boche prisoners began to appear, driven 
along by Marines. The latter were on the right of the 80th 
Division and they seemed to be living up to their reputation. 
All day, in gradually increasing numbers, their captives 



marched past our positions. Some one counted those that went 
by along one road: there were fifteen hundred and sixty-three. 
We went out and spoke with some of them as they halted at 
a crossroad. A miserable lot they were, for the most part, 
pale and worn and dirty, and apparently glad to be out of the 
fight. 

"When do you think the war will end?" we asked several. 

"In about a week," was the usual reply. 

Now and then an officer marched, grim and defiant, with 
his men. One of these was standing by while the privates 
were hustled into a truck to be taken to the rear. 

"Now then, you get aboard," ordered the driver when the 
men were all in. The officer started to climb up into the seat. 

"No, not here. Get in with the rest," said the driver. 

"Do you mean to say," said the officer, in perfect English, 
"that you expect an officer to ride with privates?" 

"O, so that's bothering you, is it? We'll 
soon fix that." Ripping out his knife, he cut 
the shoulder straps from the officer's uni- 
form. "Now," said he, "you're a private. 



age by this time had slackened 
and finally died out altogether 
and there was nothing for the 
batteries to do but wait. 
The hours dragged by inter- 
minably with no news from 
the front. At last, how- 
ever, the Second Battalion 
received the order to ad- 
vance. The pursuit was 
on! 

Moving off to the left, 
our batteries proceeded to 




Doughboy Bringing in Boche 



200 



St. Juvin. There they were told that the infantry, meeting 
with a withering fire from the machine guns at Champigneulle, 
had failed to take the town, and it was necessary to halt for 
the night. The next morning, however, the doughboys re- 
newed their attack and rushed the Hun defenses, and Major 
Devereux's battalion following as closely as possible, pushed 
ahead and came that night to Verpel. 

Meantime the First Battalion, still commanded in Major 
Sanders' absence by Captain Hervey Perrin, had 
received orders to advance, and pulling 
out their guns they started forward on 
the afternoon of November 
2nd. The battalion and bat- 
tery commanders rode 
ahead to locate the infan- 
try and to find suitable po- 
sitions for the guns, leav- 
ing guides at the various 
crossroads to pilot the 
batteries as they came 
along. 

By the time the guns 
were on the road if 
seemed as though the 
whole American Ex- 
peditionary Force had 
crowded into our sector in 
a mad rush to overtake the 
fleeing Huns. The few 
roads leading north were 
literally jammed with 
troops and trains. 

There were huge trucks, 
piled high with ammuni- 




A Miserable Lot They Were 



201 




Supply Wagon Under Fire 



tion and supplies, snorting through the mud and trying desper- 
ately to avoid the shell holes and ditches that hampered their 
progress. Now and then one would get stuck, and the entire 

column, reaching back 
for miles, would be 
blocked. Chains, ropes, 
horses and man-power 
would be applied in an 
endeavor to persuade it 
to move ; and then, if no 
other means could succeed in re- 
moving the vehicle, a hundred men 
would lay violent hands on it and 
heave it over bodily into the ditch. 
Amid the shouts of men, the creaking 
and rumbling of wheels and the 
purring of motors, the endless procession would start again, 
only to be halted a few rods farther on by some other acci- 
dent. 

Long lines of escort wagons, with their prairie schooner 
tops, bumped over the rutted roads. The drivers, from their 
lofty seats, coaxing and cursing by turns, urged on the long- 
suffering mules that strained at the traces. Horse-drawn 
wagons, too, were crowding along with the rest, — ration carts, 
limbers, water carts, baggage wagons, fourgons and blacksmith 
carts, in endless profusion; but always the great army escort 
wagons loomed above the rest, giving the column the pic- 
turesque appearance of an emigrant train in the early days of 
the western plains in America. 

Here would be a vehicle one of whose wheels had caved 
in — probably a fourgon, for those French wheels were 
notoriously weak — tilted at an angle which prevented any 
team from passing. If it could not be mended, or if no extra. 



202 



wheel was available, it would share the fate of the truck and 
be thrown into the ditch. 

Yonder could be seen an emaciated horse that had given way 
under the strain. There was no time to waste over him! If 
he could stand, he would be unhitched and led oft" the road, 
and put under the care of some disgusted soldier. If the horse 
were completely exhausted, he would be dragged to one side 
and shot, and once more the column would move forward. 

There were little two-wheeled machine gun carts, each 
drawn by one quick-stepping mule. There were rolling 
kitchens that rattled and banged over the rough roads. 
There were despatch bearers on motor cycles threading their 
way through the traffic, singly mounted riders trying to get 
ahead, and irate generals in automobiles, impatient at the de- 
lays. There were batteries of artillery struggling to move 
forward where they could go into firing positions, — light field 
pieces like our own, their cannoneers trudging along, wearHy 
carrying their packs so as to save the horses, and huge rifles 
and howitzers that lumbered behind the coughing, panting 
tractors which pulled them. 

All mixed in with the vehicles, sometimes walking alongside, 
often taking to the fields to escape the mire and confusion of 
the roads (and finding it just as muddy there as everywhere 




The Roads were Jammed with Troops and Trains 
203 



else), marched the infantry. With packs on their backs and 
rifles in their hands, with hatchets and shovels and trench 
knives and bayonets hampering their movements, that con- 
tinuous stream of doughboys toiled along, weary and footsore, 
in a kind of dumb, uncomprehending monotony of effort. 

In the fields as they passed sprawled the dead, both Ger- 
mans and Americans, who had fallen in the previous day's 
fighting. Here and there a shattered wagon lay, its load 
strewn about in disorder, its horses and driver lying where 
they had fallen, in a pool of blood — a sickening tribute to the 
accuracy of some American gun crew. 

Frequently at the crest of a hill would stand one or two 
deserted German cannon, whose crews had worked them until 
the last, and then had fled or been captured. Nearby, and at 
every available place, lay huge piles of empty shells and un- 
used ammunition. All along by the road lay the stuff which 
had been thrown away by pursuer and pursued to make travel 
easier: helmets, rifles, packs, blankets, shovels, overcoats, 
pistols, harness, cartridge belts, saddles, reels of telephone wire, 
canned food, mess kits, shoes, — everything that could possibly 
be discarded was strewn about in wild disorder. . 

The villages through which we passed were mere skeletons. 
Pounded by shells and gutted by fire, their streets a labyrinth 
of mine craters and wreckage, they added but one more detail 
to the vivid picture which stamped itself on every man's 
memory. 

Through such scenes and in the midst of that vast throng 
our regiment made its way on that memorable second day 
of November. The batteries which got farthest ahead and fol- 
lowed closely on the heels of the infantry escaped some of the 
traffic confusion, but for about six days the bulk of the regi- 
ment forced its way along in the thick of the turmoil. When 
it is remembered that the supply companies and the ammuni- 
tion trains had to bring every ounce of food and every round 

204 



^ 




PIRATE PIECE IN ACTION 



of ammunition forward to the men in the front lines, take 
their wagons back again and repeat the whole trip day after 
day, the wonder grows that we had anything to eat or to shoot. 

On the night of November 2nd the First Battalion over- 
took the Second at Verpel. They had had a long, hard march 
of some fifteen kilometers, most of it in a drizzling rain. The 
battery commanders, who had gone ahead with Captain 
Perrin to reconnoiter, spent some anxious hours of waiting in 
Verpel before the batteries arrived, for the roads were being 
shelled, and the town itself was under fire. But at length, long 
past midnight, the last battery pulled in and camped in the 
muddy fields just outside of the village. 

The next morning we were all astounded by an unheard-of 
order from the Brigade commander; on account of the short- 
age of horses, one battalion in each regiment was to be de- 
mobilized, in order that the other might have the animals 
needed! Major Devereux, being for the present the senior 
battalion commander, was given the privilege of taking his 
batteries forward as the pursuit battalion, and he was presently 
on his way, reenforced with a new equipment of horses and 
one extra gun, under Lieutenant Graham, of C Battery. Re- 
luctantly Captain Lyman, Captain Doyle, and Captain Bacon 
parked their guns in Verpel, and settled down with their men 
to that most difficult of all tasks — doing nothing! 

Meanwhile Colonel McCleave, with his staff and the head- 
quarters detachment of telephone and radio men, orderlies, 
runners, and a cook or two, and Major Devereux with his three 
batteries, "started (as Lieutenant Welling's song has it) hell- 
for-leather riding over France." 

Each day a new P. C. was established, as close as possible to 
the advancing infantry lines, in order that we might keep con- 
stantly informed of their exact positions and the location of 
the enemy's points of resistance on which we were to fire. At 
one place, La Besace, our headquarters were in the town be- 

205 



fore it was really in possession of American troops. Going 
forward in the morning to reconnoiter, Colonel McCleave and 
Captain Martin had found the bridge across a stream de- 
stroyed, and had been obliged to leave their car and walk to- 
ward the town. Finding that the infantry had not yet taken it, 
they returned. In the afternoon the colonel with several of 
his staff proceeded by another route, but coming to a place 
where the road had been blown up, Colonel McCleave got out, 
and taking with him Major Sanders and Captain Kempner, 
walked into the town while Captain Martin and Lieutenant 
Cunningham, with one messenger, went back with Corporal 
Moran, the chauffeur, to find a road by which the guns could 
be brought up. They were caught under shellfire, during 
which Corporal Moran showed his nerve by remaining in the 
car — the most dangerous place conceivable — while the officers 
continued their reconnaissance on foot. By evening practically 
the whole staff was in Besace, and a P. C. was established 
while enemy machine gun bullets were still whistling through 
the streets. 

The main firing batteries never got quite so near, but they 
were continually on the move, and frequently went into posi- 
tion very close behind the infantry's front. Fortunately they 
were not often shelled. The Boche was so busy withdrawing 
his artillery that he used but few of his guns. Every after- 
noon he would open fire on crossroads, bridges and suspected 
gun positions, and several times we had occasion to realize 
that our enemy still knew how to shoot. But by midnight his 
guns would be silent, and we would know that he was with- 
drawing again, and that our guns would presently have to be 
advanced in order to keep him within range. 

Lieutenant Graham and Lieutenant McDougall, however, 
with their forward pieces, had to keep right up with the in- 
fantry itself. The former had relieved Lieutenant McVaugh 
when the First Battalion was demobilized at Verpel ; but Lieu- 

206 



tenant McDougall had been on this difficult duty ever since 
the night of October 31st, and had already taken part in sev- 
eral attacks and had suffered one or two casualties. In the 
assault on Champigneulle he had fired, with open sights, about 
a hundred rounds into the Germans in the town. 

On November 4th, he was with an infantry battalion com- 
mander, Captain Newcomb, on a hill near St. Pierremont. 
The infantry and some machine gunners were deployed in 
funk holes along the side of the hill. From the opposing hills 
to the north the Germans were pouring a heavy machine gun 
fire toward them, and for the infantry to cross the valley for 
a frontal attack was out of the question. Captain Xewcomb 
said that several companies were attacking the Germans' hill 
from the east and west, and suggested that if Lieutenant Mc- 
Dougall could drop some shrapnel into the woods it might shut 
off some of the machine gun fire and enable him to advance. 
Apparently the only way to accomplish this was to take the 
gun around the left end of the hill, right out in the open in 
front of the American lines. 

This Lieutenant McDougall did. Driving around the 
shoulder of the hill he moved across an open field and, get- 
ting the gun into position, opened fire directly on the Boche 
lines before him. It was a daring move, and it might have 
succeeded had not a German battery on the left suddenly begun 
to fire on McDougall's 
gun. Evidently he was 
at the point of a salient 
protruding into the 
enemy's lines. 

Looking in the direc- 
tion from which the fire 
came, and seeing the flash 
of a gun, he quickly or- 
dered the gunner to shift This Lieutenant McDougall Did 

207 




his aim and lay the piece on the spot where the Boche battery 
was located. He was just about to fire when a shell burst 
close by, dropping- three of the crew. The shelling was now 
so heavy that it was useless to try to do anything further, 
and our men were ordered to retire with their wounded to the 
cover of the woods. All three men were badly hurt, but only 
two could be carried at once. There was no time to discrim- 
inate. Privates Clark and Schoenberg were picked up and 
borne away, and Capasso was left for the second trip. It 
looked like certain death for any one to go back to where he 
lay, for the Germans had calculated the range perfectly and 
shell after shell was dropping within a few feet of him. Two 

men volunteered — Corporal and Private Fromm — and 

with splendid heroism they ran out boldly, picked up their fallen 
comrade, and brought him safely back. He had not suffered 
any further injuries, but the original wound was mortal, and 
Capasso died that afternoon at the' first aid station. 

Meantime our main batteries had opened fire on the Huns, 
and in a short while their guns were silenced and the hill was 
taken. When Lieutenant McDougall went back for his piece 
he found both gun and caisson hopelessly smashed. 

During - the advance 
through this region we had 
begun to meet French civil- 
ians, released after four 
years of virtual captivity 
within the German lines. 
Some had been living in their 
homes in the villages all dur- 
ing the enemy occupation, en- 
during" the tyranny of an un- 
feeling and brutal invader. 
Others had been carried away 
early in the war to the region 




Middle Aged People Grown Old and 
Haggard 



208 



around Sedan and kept there as laborers until the approach of 
the American army, when they had been sent forward to where 
the rear guards were fighting and then left behind when the 
Boche retreated, with white flags flying from the housetops to 

$7 







iltPl-,- - 



Released After Four Years of Captivity 

announce their presence. They were a pitiful lot : old men and 
wi mien who had seen their precious property seized and de- 
stroyed; middle aged people grown old and haggard from 
terror and hardship ; young girls who were soon to become 
the mothers of children begotten by German fathers, and little 
boys and girls who had been denied the rightful joys of home 
and childhood. They appeared dazed by the sudden change 
when they found themselves among friends. Some of them 
wrung our hands with delirious joy as we entered their towns. 
Some talked freely of their experiences and expressed their 
opinion of the Boche in no uncertain terms. Many dug into 
their scanty stores and brought food and hot coffee to the men 

209 



who dropped into their houses. Others there were who could 
do nothing except stand in their doorways and look on in dumb 
amazement as the Americans poured through the streets. 

The German retreat had now taken an easterly direction, 
and on November 6th, closely followed by the whole American 
First Army, they withdrew across the River Meuse. The 77th 
Division pushed right up to the west bank of the river, and 
the 153rd Brigade in front of our regiment established itself 
in the vicinity of Autrecourt. Our headquarters accordingly 
moved to Raucourt, where they were bothered every night by 
a harassing fire from the long range guns across the river. 
One shell crashed through the roof of the house where our men 
were billeted, and it was indeed fortunate that 
none of them were there at the time. Our 
French interpreter on one occasion took to the 
cellar during a bombardment, and when he 
went back to his room he found the whole 
wall of the house piled up on his bed. 
The firing batteries passed around 
Raucourt and took up their 
position on the high hills be- 
hind Autrecourt, overlook- 
ing the Meuse valley. With 
admirable liaison estab- 
lished with the infan- 
try, they did effect- 
ive work in demol- 
ishing dugouts and 
trenches across the 
river. The two 
forward pieces, 
one still under 
Lieutenant Gra- 

Dazed by the Sudden Change ham and the 

210 




other under Lieutenant Richard from D Battery, were located 
well down toward the foot of the forward slope, where they 
fired directly on the German positions. 

By this time rumors began to reach us concerning a new 
German appeal for an armistice. We had been misled so often 
that for a time we gave no credence to these reports, but on 
Saturday, November 9th, word was handed down officially 
that a German commission had actually had an interview with 
Marshal Foch and had received at his hands the Allies' terms, 
and that their answer was due in a very short while. Far 
from slowing up the Americans' efforts, this news served only 
to make the men more eager to deliver all the blows they could, 
in order to make the final catastrophe as complete as possible. 

On the afternoon of the 10th, our guns, directed by Cap- 
tain Kempner, and Lieutenants Graham and Tunney, who were 
in an observation post with the German lines in full view, 
fired round after round of high explosive shell into a series 
of Boche trenches. Those who were observing could see that 
the Huns were much disconcerted, for pandemonium reigned, 
and the Boche could be seen running about and ducking for 
cover in all directions. 

But the final stroke of artillery genius ( at least, so the in- 
fantry believed) was made late that 
afternoon by Lieutenant Richard. 
He had been relieved from his for- 
ward position, and was back again 
with D Battery, when the telephone 
buzzed. Captain Bateson was on the 
wire. "Richard," he said, "I've got 
a job for you. The infantry re- { 
ports a German dugout located iy_vi 
across the river, with smoke com- ~~- 
ing out of a stove pipe. They 

want it demolished." Talked of Their Experiences 

211 




"Have you got the coordinates?" asked the lieuten- 
ant. 

"That's just it," replied Captain Bateson. "They want us 
to put down this fire, but they could only give us the hecto- 
metric coordinates (i. e., approximate location) of the posi- 
tion. I told them we'd fire four shots. They could observe 
the fire, and if they thought it was worth while we would con- 
tinue. They cautioned me to be careful, because the place is 
pretty close to their own lines." 

Lieutenant Richard took down the coordinates. "All right," 
he said. "I'll figure my data and then add a couple of hundred 
meters to the range for safety!" 

Presently four shots rang out. Then there was a few 
minutes' silence, while Captain Bateson awaited the infantry's 
report. 

"I don't believe they can see anything," he said. "It's 
almost dark." 

Just then the telephone rang. It was the infantry head- 
quarters. 

"What did you see?" asked Captain Bateson. 

"Here is the observer's report," was the reply: "one direct 
hit, one ten meters left, one a trifle to the right, and one just 
over. Please continue the fire !" 

Fifteen rounds were promptly pumped into that dugout, 
and although the darkness prevented further observation, we 
had the satisfaction of knowing that these, our last shots of 
the war, had convinced the infantry that their supporting 
artillery knew how to shoot. 

On Sunday evening, November ioth, there was heavy can- 
nonading away off to the right, but at our own gun positions it 
seemed strangely quiet. An occasional whizz-bang came over, 
and we could hear the "Bow !" as the German gun fired, then 
the short, wild shriek of that peculiar shell as it rushed over 
our heads, and finally the "Bloom!" of the projectile's burst 



somewhere behind us in the valley. Aside from that, the night 
was very still. 

After supper the men of the battalion headquarters detail 
gathered for a service in the center of their little encamp- 
ment. They sat on a huge log, and some of the officers brought 
chairs and joined the gathering. There in the darkness, while 
the Chaplain recited some Scripture and offered prayer and 
gave a brief talk, there was an atmosphere of peace which in 
an undefined way prepared men's minds for the present cessa- 
tion of war. 

Monday morning came, and while preparations for the usual 
activities were under way, we wondered vaguely what was 
taking place at the headquarters of the Supreme Allied Com- 
mand. The most credible rumor was that the Germans were 
to reply on that day to the terms which had been offered them, 
and most men believed that the end was near. 

Then suddenly the telephone buzzed in the Major's P. -C. 
Captain Bateson took down the receiver. 

"Captain Martin? . . . Yes. . . . Yes. ... All right." 

He turned to the group of officers standing about, and in a 
matter-of-fact voice announced, "By command of Marshal 
Foch, all hostilities on this front will cease at n a. m. to-day." 

The war was over! 




CHAPTER XIII 



AFTER THE ARMISTICE 



At first we could not believe that the great task was finished. 
Somehow it was impossible to realize that the proud enemy, 
who for more than four years had overrun all Europe and set 
at defiance practically all the armies of the civilized world, 
had laid down his arms. The news spread rapidly among the 
batteries, and while there was a feeling of universal relief, 
there was little exuberance of joy such as might have been 
expected. Officers and men discussed the situation, and some 
doubts were expressed as to whether this were not, after all, 
only a temporary suspension of hostilities. 

Down in Raucourt, however, there was a holiday atmosphere 
abroad. The streets were thronged with soldiers, walking 
about and talking in groups. Presently a band struck up, and 
with colors flying marched past our headquarters to the town 
hall. There the French and American flags were hoisted, and 
while soldiers of both armies stood at attention and the few 
civilians bared their heads, the band played "The Star-Spangled 
Banner" and "La Marseillaise." 

The people most moved were the French civilians. All along 
our line of march during that. last drive we had met these 
released captives in the villages and on the roads, and as 
soon as the fighting ceased more and more of them ap- 

214 



peared from nowhere as if by magic. Old folks with bent 
backs and slow of foot and young mothers with their children 
were pushing in wheelbarrows or carrying on their backs all 
that was left of their earthly possessions. They wanted to go 
back to their old homes and start again to build their lives 
on the pitiful ruin that was left them, ready to eke out a pre- 
carious existence in that land of wasted fields and desolate 
villages, if only they could be left alone. 

On Tuesday, November 12th, a genial French commandant 
arrived with his battalion to take over our positions, and that 
afternoon our whole artillery brigade was on the road that 




In Raucourt There Was a Holiday Atmosphere Abroad 
2 *5 



led southward, away from the front, on the first stage of what 
we all believed to be the journey toward home! 

We went back along- the same route we had traveled be- 
fore. The traffic congestion was as bad as ever, and the mud 
was just as deep; but how different were the circumstances of 
that march! Were we held up at a crossroad? There would 
be impatience about getting ahead and reaching the end of the 
hike, but there was none of that desperate fear lest, if we did 
not move on, the Germans might open fire on us. Was there 
a jam in the darkness? Hitherto no lights had ever been per- 
mitted on the roads or in camps, but now a dozen flashlights 
gleamed and the trouble was soon located. Were there shell 
holes which threatened the safety of the trucks? Headlights 
were switched on and the whole road was illuminated. And 
wherever the regiment encamped there blazed great roaring 
fires around which the men gathered to warm themselves and 
to dry their clothes. 

Our first stop was at Sommauthe, where, in the empty houses, 

sheds and stables, the men 
were billeted. The First 
Battalion, which had 
moved forward from 
Verpel in order to get 
nearer their source of sup- 
plies, had taken up their 
abode at a large farm not 
far from the town, so that 
the whole regiment was 
once more united, and we 
were looking forward to 
a congenial time. But 
within a day or two the 
Second Battalion was pr- 

All Their Belongings on Their Backs dered to proceed to a front 
2l6 




line position to the east near Stenay, and there for nearly a 
week they lived once more under what would have been battle 
conditions if there had been a renewal of hostilities. Even- 
tually, however, they were brought back, and presently the 
whole regiment moved southward 
to the little town of Briquenay. 

Just before leaving Sommauthe 
we were joined by a new regi- 
mental commander. Colonel Cop- 
ley Enos. A West Point graduate 
and an old cavalry officer, he had 
been with an artillery regiment in 
training when he was sent to take 
command of the 304th. The or- 
der assigning him had reached us 
on November 4th, while we were 
in the midst of our mad pursuit 
of the retreating Huns. For a 
while we had vaguely expected 
him, but inasmuch as he had not 
appeared we thought that he was 
probably not coming. He him- 
self, however, did not receive the order until after the armistice, 
and he made what speed he could in getting to us, and finally ar- 
rived on November 20th. It seemed a little hard on Lieutenant- 
Colonel McCleave, who had led the regiment through two 
months of hard fighting, to have an officer who ranked him come 
and assume command when the war was all over ; but he showed 
a fine spirit, and Colonel Enos was soon at home with his new 
regiment. 

Of Colonel McCleave we saw but little after that, for he went 
away shortly on sick leave and was gone for several weeks. 
He rejoined the regiment for a while later on, but on January 
21, 1919, he was transferred as an instructor to the Field 

217 




Col. Copley Enos 



Artillery School at Valdahon, and we were obliged to part 
for good with the officer who had brought us successfully 
through the great Argonne-Meuse campaign. 

Meanwhile all our horses, except the few absolutely neces- 
sary to move the rolling stock, had been turned over to the 12th 

Field Artillery as the lat- 
ter proceeded on its way 
to join the Army of Oc- 
cupation. The Band, re- 
leased at last from stable 
duty, went to work at 
making music, and every 
one enjoyed their con- 
certs. Musician Stange, 
who already had a good 




Aubepierre 



quartet that had been singing together since the days on the 
Vesle, gathered in more singers from other organizations and 
soon had a glee club that was in constant demand. 

Thanksgiving found us still in Briquenay, and preparations 
were made to celebrate. Captain Ewell took a truck to Cha- 
lons and brought back a supply of veal and lamb — a welcome 
change from the everlasting army beef — and with various 
extras secured by numerous foraging parties, the mess ser- 
geants cooked up splendid dinners. There was a service of 
Thanksgiving held in the church that morning which was at- 
tended by as many men as could crowd into the building, and 
then each organization celebrated the day in its own way. It 
is safe to say that the band and the Glee Club ate more dinners 
that day than they had ever eaten in one day before, for they 
were welcome guests at every entertainment. 

Soon after this, the order came to move the 77th Division 
to the Ninth Training Area, with headquarters at Chateau- 
Villain, a few miles south of the American General Head- 
quarters in Chaumont. The 304th was to entrain at Autry, a 

218 



little town on the western edge of the Argonne, near where 
some of our hardest fighting had taken place. After a billet- 
ing officer had been despatched to arrange for lodging the 
troops in the new area, the regiment started to move on De- 
cember 2nd. The guns and baggage, which had been kept at 
the now historic village of Grand Pre, were hauled to the rail- 
head by trucks, and the men marched on foot. At Autry 
both officers and men were piled into American freight cars 
and shipped to Latrecy, where they detrained on December 3rd 
after an uneventful journey. 

The atmosphere, ever since the armistice, had been sur- 
charged with rumors about going home. We were to be home 
by Christmas; we were to sail on December 14th; we were to 
go about the first of January; we were not to stop at the 
training area at all, but go straight to Bordeaux and embark 
at once. There was no end to either the number or the in- 
genuity of these reports which circulated at their face value 
among the men. When the regiment detrained at Latrecy 
and marched to the villages where we were to be billeted, there 
seemed to be ominous preparations for a prolonged stay. 
Nevertheless, during the whole time of our occupation of that 
area, we lived from day to day on "the latest rumor,'' and the 
constant rising and falling of spirits with the 
waxing and waning of every report created 
an atmosphere of uncertainty and discontent 
which was hard to combat. 

Two villages were as- 
signed to the 304th. 
Regimental headquarters 
was established in Aube- 
pierre, a little town of 
several hundred inhabi- 
tants lying in a fertile 
part of the valley of the 

219 




Captain Lyman 



Aube. It was a quaint little place, built mostly along a single 
street. The billets were fairly comfortable, the inhabitants 
were hospitable, and had it not been for the overwhelming 
desire to get home, the men would have been very happy there. 
The Headquarters and Supply Companies were among the or- 
ganizations assigned to the town, together with Batteries A, 
B, C, and F, and with Major Sanders' headquarters. 




Lisrierolles 



The rest of the regiment, including Batteries D and E and 
Major Devereux's headquarters, were stationed at Lignerol- 
les, a smaller village about five kilometers away. This was 
also on a little stream, but because the town was built with more 
open spaces and not crowded all on one or two streets, it was 
freer from the mud with which Aubepierre was always filled. 

There was some question as to just what the term "training 
area" might mean. We knew that during the war troops had 
been instructed there, but what had .that to do with an outfit 
that was through with fighting and ready for demobilization? 

220 



We were soon to know, for the higher command issued an 
elaborate training schedule. Drills every morning, radio and 
telephone schools, equitation (enough new horses had been is- 
sued to equip one battery at a time for drill purposes), sig- 




Built with More Open Spaces 

naling, observation, map reading, and maneuvers, in which 
we attacked imaginary forces of the enemy and wrested from 
them farms and villages. New methods of liaison were 
evolved, and every one was schooled in the various means of 
communication between infantry 
and artillery, and between the 
commanding officers of all the 
units involved in military opera- 
tions. "The axis of liaison" be- 
came a by-word among officers 
and men. Just what it all signi- 
fied no one could tell. There was 
more truth than poetry in the joke 
perpetrated in B Battery's min- ^jf^^v:^ : *s*^X 
Strel show: Captairi Bateson 

22 I 




"Say, Mr. Interlocutor, can you tell me what in the world all 
dis yere drillin' is for?" 

"Why, yes. It's a sort o' hardenin' process. It gets harder 
and harder every day for the officers to know what it's all 
about." 

Meanwhile Christmas was drawing near, and with no pros- 
pects of spending it at home, we set about making the most 
of it over in France. A check for two thousand dollars from 
the Regimental Association in New York opened alluring pros- 
pects of a glorious dinner, and a council of officers decided that 
nothing would contribute more to the atmosphere of Christmas 
than some turkey. It was very expensive, but money was the 
least of our worries just then, and we sent to Langres and or- 
dered enough turkey and goose for the whole regiment — a 
pound to a man. 

Then, to keep alive the childhood spirit, as well as to show 
our appreciation of the hospitality of the townspeople, it was 
arranged that all the children of the two villages should be en- 
tertained. Through the efforts of Mr. Newberry, two Santa 
Claus outfits were procured, and enough toys and knick-knacks 
to provide every child with some sort of gift. 

On the 23rd, we borrowed two little Ford trucks and sent 
them to Dijon to get the turkeys which the dealers in Langres 
had ordered for us. When they arrived, and the mess ser- 
geants gathered to see that their organizations received a full 
allotment, it was discovered that the birds had been packed 
without being cleaned and without waiting for them to cool off, 
and the result was that nine-tenths of them were not fit to eat ! 

In spite of the gloom which was cast by this misfortune, the 
men did their best to make the children's parties a success. 
In Lignerolles, the celebration took place on Christmas morn- 
ing. The band was imported for the occasion, and as it came 
into the town, an impromptu procession formed, headed by 
Santa Claus in full regalia, with all the children and all the 



soldiers in town following. They marched to the mess hall, 
where a beautiful tree was decorated and aglow with candles, 
and there the presents were given out to the youngsters. In 
Aubepierre there was no place where all could assemble at 
once, so the children were divided up among the various or- 
ganizations. Each one in turn had the use of the Y. M. C. A. 
hut with its Christmas tree and Santa Claus costume, and each 
in turn not only gave presents to the children, but entertained 
them and their parents with songs and recitations. 

Battery C alone was absent on Christmas day. They had 
been chosen to represent the artillery of the 77th Division in 
the grand review held for President Wilson near Langres. 
When the day arrived, it was too muddy on the review ground 
to have the guns parade, but they had the honor of firing the 
salute of twenty-one guns when the President, accompanied 
by General Pershing and various other notables, arrived on the 
field. This event brought forth a song, written by Corporal 
Beveridge, which the battery sang when it returned to Aube- 
pierre: 

Battery C boys, Battery C boys ! 
We never had a chance to see Paree. 
It was hike, hike, hike, and fire awhile, 
Then make up your packs and hike another mile. 
Battery C boys, Battery C boys ! 
We'll soon be going home across the sea. 
Although we never had a 

chance to see Paree, 
To have some fun and get 

run in by some M. P., 
President Wilson heard our 
guns, that's good enough 
for me ! 
Battery C boys, Battery C^ 

boys, 
Oh, the Hoboken pier is 

where we want to be ! Yearning for Home 

223 




'mB 








A Monster Minstrel S'how 



This was the season for new songs, and every event which 
happened produced one. Especially was this true among the' 
officers, who all ate together in the little hotel and sang on all 
occasions. Was some one reported for overstaying his leave 
in Paris ? Promptly a song commemorated the event. Was a 
battery commander taken to task for leading his men into a 
field where winter wheat was sprouting? That evening the 
story was told in song. The little waitress, Louise, who, oc- 
casionally assisted by her small sister, but usually alone, served 
all those tables full of officers, added much to the enjoyment 
of everybody by her unfailing brightness and naive sense of 
fun. She, too, was immortalized in song: 

I want to go home, I want to go home ! 

The children and chickens get under your feet, 

The cows go strolling all over the street ; 

The mud is almost to your knees, 

And the only bright spot is Louise ! 

I'm too young to drown in this hell of a town, 

I want to go home! 

When it came to furnishing entertainment for the men, there 
224 




was considerable difficulty. For a long time we could get no 
piano. Then, when we did succeed in borrowing one, the 
owner presently discovered that the case was 
getting banged up and the keys were all out 
of tune, and he took it back to his house, only 
to be loaned on special occasions. Then 'the 
Glee Club, eight of whom had gone on leave 
together, taking along Corporal Hagan, of 
Battery F, one of our few star pianists, were 
detained at Aix-les-Bains to amuse the sol- 
diers, and we had to get along without them 
for a solid month. While they were gone 
G. H. Q. sent down a special order for Bugler 
Reed, of C Battery, our versatile and inex- 
haustible accompanist, and he departed to play 
for them there. 

Nevertheless some clever shows were pro- 
duced. Battery F led off with an admirable vaudeville per- 
formance, featuring original battery songs. Then Headquar- 
ters Company went still 
further and put on a pro- 
gram which included a 
one-act skit, all in costume. 
These two had the advan- 
tage of the Glee Club's 
presence, but after the 
singers had gone, B Bat- 
tery, not to be outdone, got 
up a monster minstrel 
show — one act of straight 
minstrels, with a costumed 
chorus of twenty-eight 
men, followed by a scream- 
ingly funny courtroom 

225 




Out of Drill Hours 



scene, in which the "specialties" were introduced as 
prisoners. By that time we had a piano, and, more 




Chateau Vauloge 



than that, an orchestra. "Tobacco money" from the Associa- 
tion had been diverted to buying violins and music, and twelve 
musicians, under the leadership of Cor- 
poral (afterward Sergeant) Hahn, of the 
band, added immensely to 
the effect of the show. 

Besides these more elabo- 
rate performances, there 
were boxing contests and 
amateur nights, and what- 
ever entertainments could be 
thought up by the ingen- 
ious mind of Private 
Hicks, of Headquarters 
Company, who had been 
detailed as master show- 
man. 




A Corner of the Chateau 



226 



In Lignerolles the proposition was more difficult. They had 
no piano, no electric lights (there was a scarcity even of can- 
dles), and, until rather late in the game, no hall except the tiny 
village school house. For a while the men made few attempts 
to get up entertainments. There was a christening, at which 
Sergeant Pons of D Battery- stood as godfather to a French 
baby, and, with the band, and speeches, and a gift to the in- 
fant, this was made an affair of some importance. But aside 
from that, and one or two small "battery nights," nothing much 
was done until B Battery's minstrels were invited to come over. 
Then a half-empty barrack was turned into a theater, a stage- 
was built, curtains hung, a pit dug for the orchestra, dressing 
rooms provided, and presently a splendid entertainment hall 
was ready. While they were waiting for B Battery to come 
over, they put on a minstrel show themselves, borrowing the 
Aubepierre piano for the occasion, and proved that there was 
plenty of talent in D and E. 

All these efforts were made at entertainment because it was 
absolutely necessary to give the men something to do and some- 
where to go out of drill hours. Every one was yearn- 
ing for home, and the morale of the troops, while it 
kept up to a surprisingly high level, 
was hanging by a 
thread, and no one 
wanted to see that 
thread break. 

At the beginning 
of January, evening 
classes were estab- 
lished in English, 
arithmetic, French, 
civics and history. The men re- 
sponded well at first, but they soon 
Ferce grew tired of it, and the classes 

227 





dwindled down to a faithful few who were 
really bent on learning something as well 
as on passing the time. 

At last, about the middle of Janu- 
ary, after a long period when men 
fed their starving hopes on the most 
fantastic rumors, the order came to 
prepare all the materiel for the 
inspectors and have it in shape to turn in. This was glorious 
news, and the men worked with enthusiasm. It may be said 
right here that the inspector who looked over the ordnance af- 
firmed that, in twenty-one years' experience, he had never seen 
materiel in such splendid condition. Other inspectors, too, 
spoke well of the regiment. One from the First Army head- 
quarters, who had gone carefully over both the towns, looked 
at billets, mess halls, kitchens, offices, and sizing up the whole 
appearance of the men, both on parade and about the streets, 
said in his report: "No comments except favorable. This 
organization is rated very high at these headquarters." 

While preparations for departure were at their height, word 
came that General McCloskey, who had been in command of the 
brigade ever since we left Baccarat, had been ordered to the 
German frontier to command the artillery of the 2nd Division. 
During the fighting the men had seen but little of the general, 
and had known him chiefly as the mysterious authority who 
controlled all their operations ; but since the end of the war his 
frequent visits had revealed him as a genial and kindly officer 
who was intensely interested in the activities, the 
comfort and welfare of his troops. This impres- 
sion was confirmed when, on the eve of his going, 
he came to bid us farewell. Instead of having 
the regiments assembled at some place convenient 
for him, General McCloskey visited each town 
where his men were quartered, and with a few 
228 




words of appreciation for the work they had done, read them 
the following order which he had just issued: 

HEADQUARTERS 152ND BRIGADE FIELD ARTILLERY 
AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY FORCES 

_ -. 5th February 1019. 

General Order 

No. 1 
In relinquishing command of the 152nd Field Artillery Brigade, the 
Brigade Commander desires to publish in orders his appreciation of the 
work done by its members. Entering the service at Camp Upton, drilling 
for weeks without guns, caissons or horses, you applied yourselves with a 
determination to do well which boded ill for the Boche. At Camp de 
Souge, your work won the merited praise of your French instructors. In 
the quiet of the Baccarat sector you learned the whistle of hostile shell. 
But it was in the Vesle that you received your baptism of fire and your 
reply showed the Boche that here was a foe to be reckoned with, In 
that long march from the Vesle to the Argonne, with sleepless nights and 
long distances, you acted like veterans and won the praise of French and 
Americans who saw you. 

On September 24th you entered the great Argonne forest which for 

four years had belonged to the 
Boche. And here, regardless of 
privations and discomforts, un- 
mindful of personal danger, you 
manned your guns and gave the 
death blow to the Kaiser's ambi- 
tions. 

From August 2nd when you 
left the Baccarat sector until No- 
vember nth when the Armistice 
was effective, you marched over- 
land 340 kilometers, gained 78 
kilometers from the enemy in 
battle and had only five days of 
so-called rest. 
This is indeed a record to be proud of. But to 
it, there must be added the praise which Brigade, 
Division, Corps and Army Commanders have given 
you. No matter where the Infantry was, you al- 
229 




A Brigade Dance 



ways had guns in position to fire in front of them and there was always 
plenty of ammunition close at hand. 

The accuracy of your fire and cleverness in moving your guns were 
visible to all, but behind this, your Brigade Commander saw the hardships, 
the difficulties and the sources of worry which confronted you. All these, 
however, you overcame because you were determined to win. 

With a full appreciation of this, your Brigade Commander congratulates 
you on your glorious accomplishment and your magnificent spirit. To 
have commanded you through this victorious career is, indeed, an honor 
and a privilege. 

Manus McCloskey, 
Brigadier General U. S. A., 

Commanding. 

Meanwhile we were gradually getting rid of our equipment. 
First the guns and caissons were hauled away; then the wagons, 
and last of all the horses. How the men did bless the day when 
those animals were led away ! Finally, after the regiment was 
stripped down to the bare office equipment and the personal 
belongings of the officers and men, came the order to move. 
On February 8th the regiment said good-by to Aubepierre and 
Lignerolles and marched to Latrecy, where they boarded a 
train for the embarkation center at Le Mans. 



230 




CHAPTER XIV 



HOMEWARD BOUND 



That was a frightful journey from Latrecy to the Le Mans 
area. The weather was horribly cold, and the men were packed 
closely in freight cars where, if they tried to have ventilation, 
they froze, and if they went without fresh air they coughed and 
sneezed in each other's faces. Influenza was rampant when the 
end of the journey was reached, and the ambulances were kept 
busy for some days taking" men to the hospital, where several 
of them developed pneumonia and died. It seemed a shame 
to have to travel under such conditions, and yet every one knew 
that the transportation was the best available, and though they 
grumbled the men "bore it with a patient shrug," glad to en- 
dure almost anything so long as they were going toward home. 

It had been fully expected that the 77th Division would em- 
bark early in March. In fact, it had been officially announced 
in New York that the date for sailing was fixed as March 5th. 
But necessary repairs to some of the largest transports, in- 
cluding our old friend Leviathan, had delayed the troop 
movements, and we were obliged to settle down to another try- 
ing period of uncertain waiting. February dragged by and 
March came on apace, but no news of departure was forth- 
coming. The divisions which were to proceed us were still 

231 



awaiting their turn, and disconcerting rumors of further in- 
definite delays did their best to dampen the men's spirits. 

Moreover, the regiment was now scattered as it had never 
been scattered before. The Colonel and his staff and Battery 




:fl 







Market Day in La Suze 



B were quartered in the Chateau Vauloge; about a mile away, 
in the village of Ferce, were Headquarters and Supply Com- 
panies and Battery F ; a half a mile to the east was Battery D, 
in another chateau; Battery E was sent to a holding camp in 
La Suze, a mile or two farther on, to work on the roads ; while 
in the opposite direction, four miles to the west of Ferce, were 
Batteries A and C in the village of Pirmil. There were no 
entertainment halls, no pianos, no anything, except that in 

232 



Ferce and Pirmil were small rooms where 
the Y. M. C. A. had maintained canteens 
for the casual troops who had preceded us. 
Nevertheless, with the prospect of a de- 
parture for America which was eventual if 
not immediate, the men took things as they 
found them and, backed by their 
from Colonel Enos down, (not to 
the enthusiastic new brigade corn- 
General Glassford), they did their 
make the time pass as quickly and 
as possible. 




LEONARU SOMM 



The schedule or- 

the division corn- 
now provided for 
ing the morning 
of movement was 
that the units should 
ance on their return 





officers 
mention 
m ander, 
utmost to 
as happily 



LOUIS CANAflARE 




dered by 
mander 
close order drills dur- 
hours and every form 
worked over in order 
make a good appear- 
to the United States. 
The afternoons were 
devoted to athletics. 
There were splendid fields avail- 
able, and games of baseball, soc- 
cer, basketball, and all forms of 



'fONY 



ilMflY HAfrAK 




233 




HAN FT 




more 



outdoor sports were of daily occurrence. 
The question of entertainments was 
made a matter of military concern, with 
the idea of having something doing on 
every night to which the men 
could go. By hook or by crook, 
shacks, halls or tents were pro- 
while the ideal of nightly shows 
tained, the men were amused 
ested fairly well. General 
persuaded a French Count to 
chateau for a brig- 
The Glee Club was 
overtime, and the 
playing than it had 
A piano was bought 
"tobacco money" 



-IbKMOTT ,<£. 



vided, and 
was not at- 
and inter- 
Glass ford 
open his 
ade dance, 
worked 
band did 
ever done before, 
(this also from the 
sent by the home 
the orchestra blos- 
along the music of 
that was produced, 
strels were called upon at first, i 
ous modifications the show was 
whole or in part on several oc- 
tery A produced a two-act musi- 

titled "Here and KiNfr" alcohol. 

There" which Aibert wtner 




^$?\ 




Association), and 
somed forth to help 
every show 
tery's Min- 
and with vari- 
repeated in 
casions. Bat- 
cal skit en- 




fe^JT? showed great orig- 
' '-- inality and unearthed 
a lot of hitherto un- 
discovered talent. They 
gave several performances 
in Ferce, and another for 
234 




the 306 F. A. in Noyen, where the show was enthusiastically 
received. 

The most elaborate spectacle was ''Major Sanders' Pageant." 
During the entire month of March Pirmil was the scene of ex- 
traordinary activity. Sheets of tin, 
salvaged from packing cases, were 
being cut into odd shapes for mak- 
ing coats of mail ; women were sew- 
ing madly on fancy costumes of all 
colors; the battalion P. C. was 
transformed into a millinery shop 
where high conical hats were turned 
out by the dozen and wigs made of 
straw and mops were manufactured 
and dyed. When the great day 
arrived, the Division and Bri- 
gade Commanders and their 
staffs and a large crowd of other 
notables were on hand to attend the "Funeral of ye Xoble 
Athelstane of Conningsburg," held on the grounds of an ancient 
and crumbly chateau. When it was time for the performance 
to begin, a drizzling- rain set in which continued all the after- 




Major Sanders 







1 



KzM 





Pageant 
235 



Ill 




noon, but it was too late then to postpone the show. 
A gorgeous procession of knights in real armor, 




ladies-in-waiting, men-at-arms, 
heralds with long trumpets, 
archers in green doublets, serfs, monks, and all 
sorts of queer Norman and Saxon people wound 
out from Pirmil toward the chateau. There 
the visitors had an opportunity to view the 
corpse as it lay in state, guarded by knights in 
armor. Then, on a wet and 




muddy field, there was a tourney and various maneuvers by 
the men-at-arms which the visitors watched, shivering. Be- 
fore the program could be completed the men who were taking 
part were so wet and bedraggled that the performance was cut 
short, and every one was invited to fall to at a great supper of 
"baked meates," pies and cakes, coffee and beer. A sunny day 
would have made this pageant one of the most beautiful spec- 
tacles imaginable. Even with the bad weather it was unusual 
and worth seeing, and General Alexander was enthusiastic in 
his appreciation of the originality and interest of the occasion. 

About the middle of March, a series of minute inspections 
of the soldiers and their equipment made the day of departure 
seem very near. Regimental and brigade and divisional in- 
spections were all but finished and we were slated for a final 
looking over by -the authorities from the embarkation center, 
when suddenly word came that two divisions had been put 
ahead of us on the schedule and all preparations for departure 
were called off. The men were bitterly disappointed and loud 
in their resentment, but there was nothing to be done about it, 
so we settled down once more to the familiar task of waiting. 

Colonel Enos who had tried several times already to have 
his regiment brought together into one place, now at last gained 
his point, and all the organizations were moved down to the 
Holding Camp at La Suze. Here the men lived in barracks 
along a single street, and were far more comfortable than they 
had been in billets. Almost two solid weeks of sunny days 
made an enormous difference in every one's spirits, and on 
ground which was no longer muddy we had a revival of in- 
terest in baseball games and all sorts of outdoor sports. Hav- 
ing the whole regiment together renewed old ties and built up 
the regimental spirit which had been tending more and more to 
give place to battery rivalries. 

A large Y. M. C. A. hut, run by a live secretary, furnished 
a splendid place of amusement. Here the Second Battalion put 

237 



on a show which a special detail of men, aided by some from 
Headquarters Company, had been working up for several 
weeks. With scenery painted by Private Hedinus, of Battery 
E, printed programs, and all the paraphernalia of a Broadway 
show, these men produced a three-act musical comedy, written 
by Sergeant Hanft, of Battery E, and staged by Sergeants 
Grandin and Pons of Battery D. Corporal Hagan, of F Bat- 
tery, and Musician Strange, of the band, were responsible for 
the music and lyrics of about a dozen new and original songs, 
from the chief of which the piece took its name: "Oh, Oh, 
Mademoiselle!" For three nights they played to crowded 
houses, and made such a success that it was decided to make 
a regimental affair of the show, and a number of new char- 
acters from the First Battalion were introduced. A special 
performance was given in honor of the Division Commander, 
at which General Alexander, as the Colonel's guest, sat in a 
box; and during the remainder of our stay in the Le Mans area 
the "Oh, Oh, Mademoiselle" Company was busy touring the 
towns where 77th Division troops were quartered. 

Plays and skits from other organizations came to La Suze 
to entertain us. Hardly an evening passed but what some- 
thing was going on in the Y. M. C. A. A "wet canteen," serv- 
ing hot chocolate, was started by the Y girls, who together 
with the secretary, Mr. Harvuot, did everything possible to 
promote the men's enjoyment and contentment. Our own regi- 
mental secretary, Mr. Newberry, after five months of continu- 
ous service to the soldiers, retired from sight to a back room 
in La Suze. Here he and the men who, under his direction, 
were making the illustrations for the Regimental History main- 
tained a studio and worked on the pictures which adorn this 
book, while the Y. M. C. A. people of La Suze and the Hold- 
ing Camp looked after the more immediate needs of the men's 
welfare. 

For several weeks we lived on the expectation that our sail- 
238 



ing date was to be April 30th. It was therefore a glorious sur- 
prise when suddenly preparations for departure were begun 
ahead of schedule. Final delousings, equippings, and inspec- 
tions were completed quickly- Early on the morning of the 
17th the whole regiment was entrained, and, cheering and 

singing as the train 
pulled out, the men 
bade good-by to La 
Suze and to the 
friends from the Y. 
M. C. A. and Red 
Cross who had come 
to see them off. 

The journey was 
short and compara- 
tively easy. Day- 
break on the fSth 
found us in Brest, 
filing through the 
enormous mess halls 
for a hot breakfast be- 
fore the up-hill hike 
to Camp Pontanezen. 
The name of our des- 
tination was the same 
as when we had landed the year before, but how different was 
the place ! Instead of the old stone barracks where the men 
had found sleep so impossible in 19 18, we found ourselves 
marching through a huge city of wooden barracks and tents — 
a camp so large that the coming and going of twelve or fifteen 
thousand troops in a single day was unnoticed. Board side- 
walks led away from the main road into the streets between 
the tents. Board floors and iron cots made the sleeping quar- 
ters comfortable. Adequate kitchen facilities made it possible 

239 




The "Aggie" 



to feed the whole regiment in fifteen or twenty minutes. 
Glorious weather gave promise of a favorable voyage when 
we should embark. 

There were more delousings and inspections on Friday and 

\1 




There were Dances on Deck 



Saturday, and then came the glad news that we were to be 
ready to board a transport on the morning of Sunday, April 
20th. 

That was an Easter Day which the 304th will never forget. 
At eight in the morning we all marched to an open field where, 
with music by the band and an address by the Chaplain, a 
regimental service was held in the glorious April sunshine. 
By ten o'clock the First Battalion was on the road for Brest, 
and noon saw the last of the regiment swinging along under 
full packs, headed for the docks. 

Arrived at the pier, we were crowded on to a lighter and 
ferried out to where lay the transport Agamemnon, a splen- 

240 



did four-funnel steamer which but a few months back had 
sailed the seas under the name of Kaiser Wilhelm II. A 
German ship had brought us over and a German ship was to 
take us back. 

The Agamemnon was not so large nor so steady as the 
Leviathan but most of the sleeping quarters were more com- 
fortable, and all the troops on board had access to the decks 
at all times. Besides our own regiment, there were on board 
the 305th and 306th, several hundred convalescent sick and 
wounded men, some casual officers and about a hundred nurses. 
It was a most congenial 
company. There were 
four bands — one from 
each artillery regiment 
and one from the ship's 
crew — and they all played 
several times each day. 
There were dances on deck 
— usually for officers and 
occasionally for enlisted 
men. Movies there were, 
too — three shows for the 
men and two for the officers every day, with a daily change of 
program. A stage was rigged up on the after well deck where 
the Liberty Players, from the 306th F. A., put on two shows, 
and several vaudeville performances were given in the mess 
halls. All of the welfare organizations — Red Cross, Y. M. C. 
A., Knights of Columbus, American Library Association and 
Jewish Welfare Board — had representatives on the ship, and 
they kept us supplied with smokes, games, athletic supplies, 
books and magazines. 

There was some difficulty with the men's mess, for these 
passenger steamships were never built to feed several thousand 
troops three times a day, and the men of Battery A, who had 

241 




Officers' Mess 



the thankless job of being kitchen police for the entire voyage, 
found themselves faced with a good many kicks. After a man 
had stood in line for an hour or two, mess kit in hand, waiting 
for his turn, and then is hustled past the servers as they dump 
the food on his plate, only to find that he must climb up one 
steep staircase and down another balancing his dinner gs. 
as the ship sways, and then eat standing up at a table Wi 
that swings from the ceiling on chains, he is in no mood if j 
to be easily pleased with the food set before him. 




The Good Ship Docked 



But with only one day of anything approaching rough weather, 
the men in general had a lazy and a happy enough time, and 
— they were going home ! 

No bugle calls were needed to wake us up on the morning of 
the 29th, for we were due to reach New York before noon, and 
every one was on tiptoe to get the first sight of "God's Country." 

242 



A beautiful April sun was shining as the men hung along the 
rail straining their eyes toward the west. Presently a vague 
shape was discernible on the horizon, and before long Atlantic 
Highlands loomed into view. Then Sandy Hook, and then 
Coney Island! 

At Quarantine came the boats of the Mayor's Welcoming 
Committee, laden to the gunwales with eager wives, mothers, 
fathers and sweethearts. It was a wonderful sight to see one 
group after another recognize their boy on the deck and al- 
most climb overboard in their eagerness to reach out to him. 
All the way up through the harbor they escorted us, waving 
and shouting, while bands played and flags waved their wel- 
come. 

At last the good ship docked in Hoboken, where thousands 
more of the relatives were crowded along the iron fence which 
held them back from the pier. There was little chance for 
visiting, however, for the regi- 
ment was soon marched to an- 
other pier for lunch, and then 
onto a ferry boat which took 
us around to Long Island City, 
where we boarded a train for 
Camp Mills. 

It was hard to wait for 
passes with New York so near, 
but one more delousing ( in the 
United States called by the 
more polite name of "sanitation 
process") was necessary before 
any one was allowed to leave 
camp. Then what a rush 
there was for the city ! And 
how the streets and hostess 
houses about the entrance of 

243 




lUMIltnre. 
Captain Oliver Perin 



the camp swarmed with visitors seeking those men who did not 
happen to have passes ! It was a happy time, and the days 
passed quickly until, on May 5th, the entire division was 
brought to New York for the great parade of "New York's 
Own." 

There had been some objection on the part of the men to 
having a parade, for they understood that it would necessitate 
their staying a few days longer in the service, and what they 
desired above all things now was to get back into civil life. 
But their folks wanted a parade, the regimental and divisional 
Associations wanted it, New York City wanted it, and deep 
down in their hearts the soldiers wanted it. And why not? 
Never had the whole 77th Division been seen in public, and now 
that the troops had made for themselves a glorious record in the 
war there was not a man whose pride in his organization did 
not assert itself and demand public recognition. When the 
304th assembled at the 69th Regiment Armory on the morn- 
ing of May 6th and marched to Waverly Place to await its 
turn to start up Fifth Avenue, even some who had not been 
required to attend were present. 

Promptly on the hour at ten o'clock, General Alexander and 
his staff rode through Washington Arch and started up the 
Avenue. Instead of the usual open formation with platoon 
front, the order called for a massing of the troops. Four or- 
ganizations abreast, each in column of squads, filled the broad 
street from curb to curb as regiment after regiment swung 
into line. The day was clear and cool, the pace was brisk, 
and the men marched with superb snap and swing. Side- 
walks and grand stands. which extended along the entire route 
were filled with proud relatives and friends who cheered lustily 
as the regiments tramped by with bands playing, the colors 
fluttering in the breeze and the artillery's guidons gleaming in 
the sun. At each intersecting street could be seen eager 
throngs held back a block away by a cordon of blue-coats. So 

244 



well had the police done their work that the way was absolutely 
clear. There was not a halt nor an interruption of any kind 
as the division proceeded through the great Victory Arch at 
Madison Square, under the Arch of Jewels at Fifty-ninth 












Victory Arch 



Street, past the reviewing stand, and straight up Fifth Avenue 
to One Hundred and Sixteenth Street. 

It was an inspiring finish to a splendid career. The 77th 
Division, which had been the first of the National Army divi- 
sions to be sent to France and the first to engage in active work 
at the front, had made for' itself a reputation worth having. 
It had done the work given it to do, and done it well. It had 
earned the praise of both French and American corps and 
army commanders for its achievements on the battle field, no 
less than the unqualified approval of the inspectors and trans- 
portation officers through whose hands it passed on the way 

245 



home. New York had learned the worth of the 77th Division, 
and New York opened her heart to these sons of hers on that 
memorable 6th of May. 

Sitting in his quarters in Camp Upton, whither the troops 
were sent for demobilization after the parade, Colonel Enos 
remarked, "I suppose the proudest moment of my life was when 
I walked up Fifth Avenue at the head of the 304th Field Ar- 
tillery." For Colonel Enos, who came to us after the fighting 
was over, caught, in a measure that few men could have 
equaled, the nature and spirit of the organization which he 
commanded. Very unobtrusively he had fitted into his place 
in the regiment, and almost without our knowing it he had be- 
come in a very real sense its leader. The men never knew him 
personally in the same way that they had known Colonel Briggs, 
but all through those weary months of waiting after the ar- 
mistice was signed, the quiet but intense interest, the absolute 
squareness, the unfailing kindness of Colonel Enos made itself 
felt throughout the regiment, and went far toward keeping 
the morale up to its surprisingly high level. No man was more 
frankly proud of the organization than he, and, as he said to 
the assembled captains the day before the regiment was dis- 
banded, his one great regret will always be that he was denied 
the privilege and the honor of serving at the front, even for a 
day, with the 304th F. A. 

No one man or group of men can be said to be responsible 
for the character of the regiment. Undoubtedly the leader- 
ship of Colonel Briggs through the critical period in which he 
was in command exerted a tremendous influence ; but the spirit 
which animated all the men from the top down and from the 
bottom up was born of a common experience in a great ad- 
venture. Potentially that spirit was present in the early days 
at Camp Upton, but actually its power was not felt until the 
members of the 304th found themselves sharing danger and 
hardship together as co-laborers in a mighty task. Then, 

246 



with few exceptions, officers, non-commissioned officers and 
privates discovered the secret of disregarding their own per- 
sonal interests and conveniences and working together in com- 
mon loyalty to a great cause. 

Those who laid down their lives are but conspicuous ex- 
amples of the selfless devotion which characterized the whole 
body of men. We honor them, not simply because of the 
great sacrifice they gladly made, but because they typify to us 
the spirit we all felt and saw day after day in the men about 
us, a spirit which shall live on in the soul of every loyal mem- 
ber of the regiment. 

As a military organization the 304th F. A. ceased to exist 
when, on May 10, 1919, in a downpour of rain, the men marched 
to the Camp Upton quartermaster's to turn in their blankets 
and draw their final pay. Then, in a riot of joy at the final 
prospect of home, with scant farewell they swarmed aboard 
the train which was to take them back to civil life. They left 
behind a splendid record of noble achievement, and they car- 
ried with them a host of memories which cannot but enrich 
their lives in all the years to come. 



247 



CASUALTY LIST 



KILLED IN ACTION 



Name Rank Organisation 

Angrissano, William A. .Mech Battery C . 

Bryant, Otto Pvt Battery D. 

Buehl, Adolph Sgt Battery E . 

Brady, James A Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery B . 

Blaschka, Albert J Pvt Battery A . 

Frey, Harry C Cpl Battery C . 

Fatseas, Paul Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery F . 

Hill, James A Pvt. ist CI. . Battery F . 

Houseman, Howard T. . Pvt Battery B . 

Lincoln, Frederick C. ..Pvt. istCl. . Battery D . 

McConville, John H. . . Mech Battery C . 

Moserowitz, Nathan ..Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery F . 

Manthe, Clarence S. . .Pvt Battery A . 

Olsen, Eric Pvt. Ist CI. . Battery C . 

Pierson, Owen C Pvt Battery C . 

Pessalano, Michael .... Pvt.- Battery D . 

Robbins, Edward Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery F . 

Sieber, George Pvt Battery E . 

Vannini, Antonio Pvt Battery D . . 

Walters, Valentine R. . . Sgt Battery F . . 



Wounded at Date 

Fme. des Dames .Aug. 20, 1918 
Fme. des Dames .Aug. 23, 1918 
Fme. des Dames .Aug. 28, 1918 

Fleville Oct. 28, 1918 

La Besace Nov. 5, 1918 

Fme. des Dames .Aug. 20, 1918 
Fme. des Dames .Aug. 25, 1918 
Fme. des Dames .Aug. 25, 1918 
Fme. des Dames .Aug. 19, 1918 

Vauxcere Sept. 10, 1918 

Fme. des Dames .Aug. 20, 1918 
Fme. des Dames .Aug. 20, 1918 

La Chalade Sept. 26, 1918 

Vauxcere Sept. 14, 1918 

Vauxcere Sept. 7, 1918 

Vauxcere Sept. 10, 1918 

Fme. des Dames .Aug. 25, 1918 

Bazoches Sept. 9, 1918 

Fme. des Dames . Aug. 23, 1918 
Fme. des Dames .Aug. 23, 1918 



Name 



DIED OF WOUNDS 
Rank Organization Wounded at 



Date 



Anderson, Elmer Q. . Pvt Battery B . 

Bakken, Rudolph J. . Pvt Battery D . 

Capasso, Joseph Pvt. ist CI. . Battery E . 

Grace, George ....<.. Pvt Battery E . 

Gaughn, Thomas J. . Pvt Battery C . 

Johnson, Oscar P. ..Pvt. 1st CI. . Hdqrs. Co. 

Kalf , Edward Pvt Battery D . 

McDevitt, Earl H. ..Pvt. ist CI. . Battery D . 

Ormestad, Ole Pvt Battery E . 

Mack, Dorr J Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Stillinger, Rol. H. ..Pvt Battery E . 

Weinhauer, Geo. H. . Sgt Battery D . 



Date of 

death 
Aug. 20 . 



. Fme. des Dames . Aug. 19 
. Abri du Crochet . Oct. 2 
. St. Pierremont . . Nov. 4 

. Bazoches Sept. 

.Vauxcere Sept. 7 . 

.Vauxcere Sept. 14 . Sept. 16 

. Fme. des Dames . Aug. 23 

.Vauxcere Sept. 10 

.Bazoches Sept. 9 

. Abri du Crochet .Oct. 2 . 

. Bazoches Sept. 9 . Sept. 10 . 

. Fme. des Dames . Sept. 5 . 



.Nov. 4 
. Sept. 10 



.Sept. 11 . 
. Sept. 10 . 



Ackerman, John J. 



KILLED IN ACCIDENT 
. .Pyt Battery B . .Sommauthe Nov. 16 



WOUNDED 



Name Rank Organicati 

Anastas, Peter Cook Supply Co 

Agnelli, Joseph Pvt Battery D 

Akvik, Otto Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery C 

Amy, Henry J ist Lieut. .. Battery D 

Agneau. Richard S Cpl Battery F 

Burke, Michael J Sgt Battery B 

Brirlen, James J Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Bartley, Harry E Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery E 

Braun, Benjamin L Pvt. ist CI. . Battery E 

Broderick, John J Pvt. ist CI. .Battery A 

Busch, Benjamin Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery E 

Bandera, Robert A Pvt. ist CI. . Battery C 

Christoffel, John E Sgt Battery A 

Claviter, Arthur W Pvt Battery D 

Colmerauer, Joseph M. . Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Colvin. Benjamin F. ..Pvt Battery B 

Clark, Lee Roy Pvt Battery E 

Clarke, John P Pvt Battery F 

Dodge, Cleveland E. ..ist Lieut. . . Battery C 

De Cicco Albert A Pvt Battery E 

Ducharme, Theodore . . Pvt Battery B 

Dever, Willis Pvt Battery F 

Duggan, Thomas F Pvt Battery F 

Deyo, Raymond Pvt Battery A 

Eberstadt, Ferdinand ..ist Lieut. .. Battery D 

Engstrom, Fridolph .... Pvt Battery E 

Epstein, Abraham L. ..Pvt Med. Det. 

Fuchs, Pellet Pvt Battery B 

Flynn, James P Sgt Battery F 

Frid, Charles J Pvt Battery D 

Gallenz, Valentine J. ..Pvt. ist CI. . Battery C 

Hanson, Otto Pvt Battery E 

Hansen, Henry E Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Hornung, John J Pvt Battery D . 

Johnson, Olaus Pvt Battery D . 

Jeffers, William J Sgt Battery F 

Jaeger, Albert E Pvt Battery B 

King, Henry D Pvt Battery B 

King, Joseph V Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Koen, William H Cpl Battery D . 

Kurzman, Abraham . . . . Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery F 

249 



on Wounded at Date 

.Vauxcere Sept. 14 

.Fine, des Dames .Aug. 20 

. .Argonne Forest . .Oct. 15 
. Argonne Forest . .Oct. 15 
.Fme. des Dames -Aug. 21 
.Fine, des Dames -Aug. 20 

.Vauxcere Sept. 5 

.Bazoches Sept. 9 

.Bazoches Sept. 9 

.LaChalade Sept. 26 

.Abridu Crochet ..Oct. 2 

.Fleville Nov. 1 

. La Chalade Sept. 26 

. Fme. des Dames . Aug. 23 

• Fme. des Dames -Aug. 27 
. Argonne Forest . . Oct. 13 

• St. Pierremont ..Nov. 4 

.Fleville Oct. 8 

. Fme. des Dames . Aug. 20 

■ Bazoches Sept. 9 

• Fleville Nov. I 

■ Fleville Oct. 28 

■ Fleville Oct. 28 

.Vauxcere Sept. 19 

.Fme. des Dames -Aug. 21 

• Bazoches Sept. 9 

• Fleville Nov. 1 

• Fleville Oct. 28 

• Fme. des Dames .Aug. 25 

. Vauxcere Sept. 14 

.Fleville Nov. I 

• St. Juvin Oct. 14 

. Vesle River Sept. 5 

.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 23 
. Argonne Forest . .Oct. 14 

• Fme. des Dames .Aug. 21 
.Argonne Forest ..Oct. 14 
.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 20 

.Vesle River 

.(Accidental) ....Sept. 14 
.Fme. des Dames .Aug'. 18 



Korainsky, Irving M. . . Cpl Battery E . 

Kavanagh, Michael Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery B . 

Krepps, Henry Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery C . 

L'Etoile, Joseph O Cpl Battery F . 

Lee, Herbert F Cpl Hdqrs. Co 

Levine, Arthur Pvt Battery A . 

Matter, Wm. C. Jr Pvt Battery F . 

Maisco, Louis Pvt Battery C . 

Mack, Christa H Pvt Battery C . 

Meehan, John Pvt Battery D . 

Madson, Manley Pvt Battery E . 

Moskowitz, Julius Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery B . 

McCourt, Andrew H. . .Cpl Battery B . 

McGrath, Roger F Pvt Battery F . 

O'Boyle, Timothy L. . . Pvt Battery E . 

Prior, Thomas W Pvt Med. Det. . 

Pelton, Charles L Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery A . 

Parsons, John R Pvt Battery D . 

Rosner, Nathan Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery F . 

Rucker, Clarence E Cpl Battery D . 

Schoenberg, Jacob .... Pvt Battery E . 

Stewart, David Pvt Battery B . 

Smith, Spencer H Cpl Battery F . 

Smith, John D Pvt Battery E . 

Spenceley, Arthur G. . . Sgt Battery F . 

Tweedy, Temple H 2nd Lieut .Battery F . 

Tansey, George Pvt. 1st CI. .Battery D . 

Tygret, Carl L Pvt Battery E . 

Tulchinsky, David Pvt. 1st CI. . Battery F . 

Widman, Ernest A Cpl Battery F . 

Westman, Theodore C. . Pvt Battery B . 

Walrath, Ray C Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Watts, James E Cpl Battery F . 

Walsh, Edward J Horseshoer .Battery D . 

Young, Baldwin C Sgt Battery A . 



.St. Juvin Oct. 

.Fleville Oct. 

.Fleville Nov. 

.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 

. Vauxcere Sept. 

.Argonne Forest . .,Oct. 

.Fleville Oct. 

.Fleville Nov. 

.Fleville >• ..Nov. 

.Argonne Forest ..Oct. 
.Argonne Forest 1. .Oct. 

.Fleville -.Oct. 

.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 
.Argonne Forest ..Oct. 

.Fleville Nov. 

.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 

.Vauxcere Sept. 

. Vauxcere Sept. 

.Perles Sept. 

. Vauxcere Sept. 

.St. Pierremont ..Nov. 
.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 
.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 25 
.Argonne Forest . .Oct. 14 
.Argonne Forest . ..Oct. 2 
.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 25 

.St. Juvin Oct. 14 

.Verpel Nov 

.Fleville Oct. 

.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 20 

.Fleville Oct. 28 

.Argonne Forest ..Oct. 15 
.Fme. des Dames .Aug. 21 
.Kicked by horse ..Oct. 10 
.La Chalade ...... .Sept. 25 



14 
29 
19 
15 
1 

19 
8 
7 
7 
12 
4 
19 



2§ 



Note: A number of men' died from disease during the regiment's stay in France 
after the armistice. Their names would have been included in this roll of honor 
if accurate data had been available. 



250 



ORGANIZATION COMMANDERS 



Regimental Commanders 

Lt. Col. John R. Kelly Sept. 27 — Dec. 31, 1917) 
(Maj. L. C. Sparks, acting, 

Sept. 27-DEC. 31, 1917.) Sept. 5, 1917 — Apr. 1, 1918 
Col. Raymond W. Briggs Apr. 1, 1918 — Sept. 10, 1918 
Lt. Col. William McCleave Sept. io, 1918 — Nov. 20, 1918 
Col. Copley Enos Nov. 20, 1918 — May 10, 1919 



Battalion Commanders 
First Battalion 

Maj. Lewis Sanders 
(Capt. H. B. Perrin, acting 

Second Battalion 

Maj. Leonard Sparks 
Maj. Alvin Devereux 
Mat. Joseph A. Doyle 

Headquarters Company 

Capt. Harry Kempner 

Supply Company 

Capt. Guy H. Garrett 
Lieut. James V. Murphy 
Capt. Robert H. Ewell 

Battery A 

Capt. Robert H. Ewell 
Capt. Huntington Lyman 



Sept. 5, 1917 — Apr. 1, 1918 
Sept. 27 — Nov. 4, 19 1 8) 



Sept. 5, 1917 — May 10, 1918 
May 10, 1918 — March 26, 1919 
March 26, 1919 — May 10, 1919 

Sept. 5, 1917 — May 10, 1919 



Sept. s, 1917— Aug. 23, 1918 
Aug. 23, 1918 — Sept. 10, 1918 
Sept. 10. 1918 — May 10, 1919 



Sept. 5, 1917 — Mar. 4, 1918 
Mar. 4, 1918 — May 10, 1919 



Battery B 

Capt. Joseph A. Doyle Sept. 5, 1917 — Mar. 26, 1919 

Lieut. Frederick M. Gannon Mar. 26, 1919; — May 10, 1919 

251 



Battery C 

Capt. Elliot C. Bacon Sept. 5, 1917 — Dec. 26, 1918 
Lieut. Cleveland E. Dodge Dec. 26, 1918 — Jan. 22, 1919 

Capt. Grinnell Martin Jan. 22, 1919 — May 10, 1919 

Battery D 

Capt. Robert V. Mahon Sept. 5, 1917 — May 10, 1919' 

Battery E 

Capt. Oliver Perin Sept. 5, 1917 — May 10, 1919 

Battery F 

Capt. E. Powis Jones Sept. 17, 1917 — Mar. 4, 1918 

Capt. Robert H. Ewell Mar. 4, 1918 Sept. 10, 191J: 

Capt. Ferdinand Eberstadt Sept. 10, 1918 — Jan. 25, 1919 

Lieut. Basil H. Hunter Jan. 25, 1919 — May 10, 1919 



25' 



ROSTER OF OFFICERS 

Almon, George C Albany, Alabama 

2nd Lt, Supply Co., Nov. 20, 1917-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 
U. S. A. and promoted to 1st Lt. 

Amy, Henry J 44 Wall St., New York City. 

2nd Lt., Battery A, Sept. 5, 191 7. Promoted to 1st Lt.. Jan. 3. 
1918. Transferred to Btry D, Sept. 10, 1918. Transferred to 
Hdq. Co., Oct. 27, 191 8. Transferred to 302nd Ammunition 
Train, Jan. 9, 1919. 

Anderson, Raymond W 1832 Carroll St., St. Paul, Minn. 

1st. Lt., Battery A. Mar-May, 1918. 

Armitage, Guy D 520 Lake Drive, Milwaukee, Wis. 

Lt. Col., Feb. 15, 1919-May 10, 1919. 

Bacon, Elliot C 23 Wall St., New York City. 

Capt., Battery C, Sept. 5, 1917-Dec. 26, 1918. Transferred to 
Hdq., 1st Army Corps, Dec. 1918. 

Baker, Lotus P 

2nd. Lt., Battery B, Nov. 16, 1918-April 9, 1919. Transferred to 
Hdq. 77th Div. 

Bateson, E. Farrar 64 East 54TH St., New York City. 

Capt., Adjutant. 2nd Battalion, March 1918-May 10, 1919. 

Bonnet, George A 621 Morris St. N. E., Washington, D. C. 

Capt. (attached), Supply Co., Nov. 16, 1918-Feb. 8, 1919. Trans- 
ferred to 2nd Battalion as Adjutant. Served with Regiment until 
May 10, 1919. 

Boyd, Hugh M 416 West 145TH St.. New York City. 

2nd Lt., Battery A, Nov. 4, 1917-May 10, 1919. 

Briggs, Raymond W. 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 
Colonel, commanding 304th F. A., April i-Sept. 10, 1918. Pro- 
moted to Brigadier General, Aug. 25, 1918. 

Bradford, W. K Chicago, III. 

2nd. Lt., Supply Co., March-May, 1919. 

253 



Brown, Edward M 

2nd Lt, Battery B, Oct. 14-Nov. 16, 1918. Transferred to Army 

of Occupation. 
Brown, Howard H. . . Care Mrs. Grenville Gilbert, Ware, Mass. 

2nd Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Dec. 11, 1917-May 10, 1919. Served on 

Staff of 1st Bn. Promoted to 1st Lt., Sept. 18, 1918. 
Bruns, Fred H. 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 

1st Lt, Battery C, Sept. 5, 1917-Jan. 22, 1918. Transferred to 

Supply Co. Regimental Munitions Officer. Transferred to Army 

of Occupation, Nov. 16, 1918. 
Brunnerman, F. L 

2nd Lt., Supply Co., Sept. 10-Oct. 20, 1918. Transferred to 

Military Police, 77th Div. 
Chambers, T. G 505 West 17TH St., Oklahoma City, Okla. 

2nd Lt. Battery B, Feb.-May 10, 1919. 
Cunningham, Frank L 46 Hamilton Place, Brooklyn, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery A, Nov. 14, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Sept. 5, 

1918. Served until May 10, 1919. 
Cunningham, James W Mt. Lakes, N. J. 

2nd Lt, Headquarters Co., Jan. 1, 1918. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 

3, 1918. Regimental Radio Officer. Served until May 10, 1919. 
Danforth, Nicholas 106 West 58TH St., New York City. 

1st. Lt., Headquarters Co., Jan. i-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 

U. S. and promoted to Capt. 
Daniel, S. L 

2nd Lt., Headquarters Co., Sept. 12, 1918. Transferred to Bat- 
tery D, Oct. 12, 1918. Served until May 10, 1919. 
Davis, Worthington 

2nd. Lt., Battery E, Nov. 14, 1917-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 

U. S. and promoted to 1st. Lt. 
De Baun, Milton Haverstraw, N. Y. 

1st Lt., Headquarters Co., Jan. 1, 1918. Transferred to Battery 

E, Jan. 22, 1918. Served until May 10, 1919. 
Devereux, Alvin 120 Broadway, New York City. 

Major, Commanding 3rd Battalion, March-May, 1918. Com- 
manding 2nd Battalion, May 1918-May 10, 1919. 
Dodge, Cleveland E Riverdale, New York City. 

2nd Lt., Battery C, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 
1918. Served until May 10, 1919. 
254 



Dold, Ralph S 

ist Lt, Headquarters Co., Jan. i-July 3, 1918. Went to balloon 
school and was transferred as balloon observer. 

Dole, Richard E., Harvard Club, 27 West 44TH St., New York City. 
2nd Lt., Battery C, Sept. 5, 1917-May 10, 1919. 

Doyle, Joseph A 687 St. Nicholas Ave., New York City. 

Capt., Battery B, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to Major, command- 
ing 2nd Bn., March 26, 1919. 

Eagan, Edward F 

2nd Lt., Battery C. July 22-Aug. 24, 1918. Transferred to Battery 
F, Aug. 24-Sept. 12. 1918. Transferred to Battery D, Sept. 12- 
Oct. 27, 1918. Transferred to Hdqrs. Co., Oct. 27-Nov. 16, 1918. 
Transferred to Army of Occupation. 

Eberstadt, Ferdinand .... 214 Glenwood Ave., East Orange, N. J. 
ist Lt., Battery D, Sept. 5, 1917-Sept. 10, 1918. Promoted to 
Capt., transferred to Btry. F. Capt., Battery F, Sept. 10, 1918- 
Jan. 25, 1919. Transferred to Army of Occupation. 

Enos, Copley 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 
Colonel, commanding 304th F. A., Nov. 20, 1918-May 10, 1919. 

Everiiart, Edgar S Scranton, Pa. 

Major, Regimental Surgeon 304th F. A., Dec. 21, 1918-March 1, 
1919. Relieved to attend University of Paris. 

Ewell, Robert H. . . Yale Club, 30 Vanderbilt Ave., New York City. 
Capt, Battery A, Sept. 5, 1917-March 4, 1918. Transferred to 
Battery F, March 4-Sept. 19, 1918. Transferred to Supply Co. 
Served until May 10, 1919. 

Fehliman, William E Lead, South Dakota. 

Capt., Regimental Surgeon, March 10-May 10, 1919. 

Falvey, John D 286 Goodfellow Ave., St. Louis, Mo. 

2nd Lt., Battery F. 

Foote, Delano P 

2nd Lt., Battery A, Sept. 5th, 1917-Jan. 22, 1918. Transferred to 
Hdqrs. Co. Telephone Officer, ist Bn., Regimental Telephone 
Officer. Evacuated to hospital after injury from fall, Oct. 19, 
1918. 

Fitch, J. E 828 Junior Terrace, Chicago, III. 

1st Lt., Battery A, Feb.-May, 1919. 

Gannon, Frederick M 344 West 56TH Street, New York City. 

255 



2nd Lt, Battery B, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt, Jan. 3, 
1918. Commanding Battery B, March 26-May 10, 1919. 

Garrett, Guy H 

Capt, Supply Co., Sept. 5, 1917-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 
U. S. A. and promoted to Major. 

Gough, William R 313 Franklin Place, Plainfield, N. J. 

2nd Lt., Battery B, Nov. 14, 1917-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 
U. S. A. and promoted to 1st Lt. 

Graf, William E 1124 Jackson Ave., New York City. 

1st Lt., Dental Surgeon, Oct. 19, 1917-Mar. 1, 1919. Promoted 
to Capt., and made Dental Surgeon, 77th Division. 

Graham, Charles V 15 Vernon Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery C, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lieut., Jan. 
3, 1918. Served until May 10, 1919. 

Horton, George E Wartrace, Tenn. 

1st Lt., Regimental Surgeon, 304th F. A., Sept. 5, 1917-Dec. 17, 
1918. Promoted to Capt, Dec. 6, 1917. Promoted to Major, May 
10, 1918. Returned to U. S. A. for discharge at his own request, 
Dec. 17, 1918. 

Howard, James M. . . 200TH St. and Bainbridge Ave., New York City. 
1st Lt. Chaplain 304th F. A., Sept. 27, 1917. Acting Senior 
Chaplain, 77th Div., March 19-May 10, 1919. Promoted to Capt., 
March 16, 1919. Served with Regiment until May 10, 1919. 

Hunter, Basil H Newberry, Michigan. 

2nd Lt, Battery E, Nov. 24, 1917-Mar. 16, 1918. Transferred to 
Hdqrs. Co. Gas Officer, 2nd Bn. Promoted to 1st Lt., and 
transferred to Btry F, Sept. 10, 1918. Commanding Battery F, 
Jan. 25-May 10, 1919. 

Jones, E. Powis 105 East 53RD St., New York City. 

Capt, Battery F, Sept. 5, 1917. Transferred' to 2nd Bn., as 
Adjutant, Mar. 4, 1918. Made Regimental Personnel Adjutant, 
May, 1918. Made Regimental Adjutant, Jan. 22, 1919. Served 
until May 10, 1919. 

Jusek, Harry J 424 Myrtle St., Sioux City, Iowa. 

2nd Lt, Veterinary Corps, with 304th F. A., Oct. 13, 1918-April 
20, 1919. Transferred to remain over seas when regiment sailed 
for U. S. A. 

Keller, William St. Johnsville, N. Y. 

1st Lt., Headquarters Co., Jan. 1, 1918-Mar. 26, 1919. Preceded 
regiment overseas, Jan. 1918, rejoining at Camp de Souge, June, 
256 



1918. Regimental Gas Officer. Transferred to Supply Co., Mar. 

26, 1919. Served until May 10, 1919. 
Kempner, Harry 547 Fourth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

Capt., Hdqrs. Co., Sept. 5, 1917-May 10, 1919. Regimental 

Operations Officer. 
Kelly, John R. 

Care Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 

Lt. Colonel, commanding 304th F. A., Sept. 5, 1917-April 1, 1918. 

Transferred to 17th F. A. and promoted to Colonel, June, 1918. 
Kittle, Percy H 228 West 71ST St., New York City. 

2nd Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 

1918. Regimental Telephone Officer. Served until May 10, 1919. 
Lillibridge, Harrison 411 West End Ave., New York City. 

2nd Lt., Battery B, Sept. 5, 1917-March, 1919. Relieved to attend 

L'niversity of Paris. 
Lawton, George L 175 Lincoln St., Middletown, Conn. 

2nd Lt.. Hdqrs Co., Nov. 22, 1917-Tan. 24, 1919. 1st Bn. Staff. 

Transferred to Army of Occupation. 
Lunny, James E 508 Sixteenth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

1st Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Jan. i-Sept. 10, 1918. Transferred to Bat- 
tery D. Served until May 10, 1919. 
Lyman, Huntington 65 West 54TH St., New York City. 

1st Lt., Battery A, Sept. 5, 1917. Commanding Battery A, Jan. 

1918-May 10, 1919. Promoted to Capt., Mar. 4, 1918. 
Lattimer, John M 691 Ninth Ave., New York City. 

2nd Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Mar.-May, 1918. Came over-seas as 1st 

Sgt, Btry. A. Graduated Officers' Training School, Saumur, 

France. 
Loomis, Harold J 47 West 8th St., Oswego, N. Y. 

1st Lt., Dental Corps, March-May, 1919. 
McMaster, John W 346 Sixteenth St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery B, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 

1918. Transferred to Hdqrs. Co.. Jan. 22, 1918. Returned to 

U. S.. A. and promoted to Capt., Aug. 23, 1918. 
McCaleb. Walter L Duck River, Tenn. 

1st Lt., Medical Corps; assigned Sept. 5, 1917. Surgeon, 2nd Bat- 
talion. Served until May 10, 1919. 
McCleave, William 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 

Lt. Colonel, 304th F. A., Sept. 1, 1918-Jan. 21, 1919. Command- 

257 



ing 304th F. A., Sept. 10-Nov. 20, 1918. Transferred as In- 
structor to Artillery School at Valdahon, France. 

McRae, Donald C Care McRae and Keeler, Attleboro, Mass. 

1st Lt., Supply Co., Jan. 1, 1918. Transferred to Hdqrs. Co., 
March, 1918. Liaison Officer with 305th Inf. at the front. 
Transferred to 302nd Ammunition Train, Jan. 9, 1919. 

McVaugh, Keith 506 Washington Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery A, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 
1918. Served with Battery A until May 10, 1919. 

Macdougall, Allan Convent, N. J. 

2nd Lt., Battery D, Sept 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 
1918. Transferred to Hdqrs. Co., Jan. 22, 191S. Transferred to 
Battery E, July 16, 1918. Served with Battery E until May 10, 
1919. 

Mahon, Robert V 109 Fourth St., Garden City, N..Y. 

Capt, Battery D, Sept. 5, 1917-May 10, 1919. 

Malm, Douglass R 1448 East 115TH St., Cleveland, Ohio. 

2nd Lt., Battery E, Nov. 12, 1918-May 10, 1919. 

Mandeville, William H 439 West Clinton St., Elmira, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery E, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 
1918. Returned to U. S. A. and promoted to Capt., Aug. 23, 
1918. 

Mann, John W 3616 Newark St., Washington, D. C. 

2nd Lt., Battery C, Dec. 12, 1918. Transferred to Battery D, 
Mar. 3, 1919. Served with Battery D until May 10, 1919. 

Martin, Grinnell 

Care Frazer & Spear, 20 Exchange Place, N. Y. City. 
1st Lt, Battery E, Sept. 5, 1917. Made Regimental Adjutant, 
July 5, 1918. Promoted to Capt., Sept. 10, 1918. Transferred to 
Battery C, Jan. 22, 1919. Commanded Battery C until May 10, 
1919. 

Murphy, James V. 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 
1st Lt., Supply Co., Sept. 5, 1917-Jan. 24, 1919. Commanded Sup- 
ply Co., Aug. 23-Sept. 10, 1919. Transferred to Army of Occupa- 
tion. 

Norman, A. W R. R. No. 2, Culpeper, Virginia. 

2nd Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Sept. io, 1918-May 10, 1919. 

Norris, Frank 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 
258 



rst Lt, Battery F, Sept.. 5, 1917-Jan. 24, 1919. Transferred to 

Army of Occupation. 
North, L. L. 

1st Lt., Veterinary Corps, with 304th F. A., Sept. 6-Oct. 13, 1918. 

Evacuated to hospital. 
O'Donnell, Joseph 403 Second St., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery E, Sept. 5, 1917-Nov. 16, 1918. Transferred to 

Army of Occupation. 
Offrav, Claude V. 

2nd Lt., Battery A, July 22-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to U. S. A. 

and promoted to 1st Lt. 
Page, Charles W 94 Woodland St., Hartford, Conn. 

1st Lt.. Hdqrs. Co., Jan. 1, 1918-May 10, 1919. Absent from. 

Regiment as balloon observer, July-November, 1918. 
Perin, Oliver 158 East 62nd St., New York City; 

Capt., Battery E, Sept. 5, 1917-May 10, 1919. 
Pfaelzer, Oswald D Montclair, N. J. 

2nd Lt., Battery F, Sept. 5, 1917. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 

1918. Returned to U. S. A. and promoted to Capt., Aug. 23, 

1918. 
Perrin, Hervey Bates 

Cake Federal Reserve Bank, San Francisco, Cal. 

Capt., Adjutant 1st Bn., Sept. 5, 1917-Jan. 1919. Transferred to 

Army of Occupation. 
Quinn, Timothy R. 

2nd Lt., Battery F, Nov. 12, 1918-May 10, 1919. 
Rennard, John T 70 East 77-ri-i St., New York City. 

2nd Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Sept. 5, 1917-May 10, 1919. Telephone 

Officer, 2nd Bn. 
Richard, August 69 East 56TH St., New York City. 

2nd Lt., Battery D, Sept. 5, 19 17. Promoted to 1st Lt., Jan. 3, 

1918. Served with Battery D until May 10, 1919. 
Robertson, Daniel S. 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 

1st Lt., Veterinary Corps. Regimental Veterinarian, June 16, 

1918-March, 1919. Transferred to Army of Occupation. 
Sams, James R Newborn, Georgia. 

1st Lt., Medical Corps, Sept. 5, 1917. Surgeon, 1st Battalion. 

Promoted to Capt., Mar. 26, 1919. Served with Regiment until 

May 10, 1919. 

259 



Sanders, Lewis 126 East 27TH St., New York City. 

Major, commanding 1st Bn., Sept. 5, 1917-May 10, 1919. 

Schwartz, Alfred A 825 West 179TH St., New York City. 

1st Lt., Medical Corps, May i-July 6, 1918. Transferred to 
Camp Hospital No. 9, France. 

Smith, Roger McE 30 Church St., Ellenville, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Headquarters Co., Sept. 5, 1917-May 10, 1919. Radio 
Officer 1st Bn. Served with B Battery through the Argonne. 

Smith, Sheldon D 98 Englewood Ave., Detroit, Mich. 

2nd Lt., Battery C, Nov. 23, 1917-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 
U. S. A. and promoted to 1st Lt., Aug. 23, 1918. 

Sparks, Leonard C. 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 
Major, commanding 2nd Bn., Sept., 1917-June, 1918. Transferred 
to 17th F. A., and promoted to Lt. Colonel. 

Stevens, Kenneth M 

2nd Lt., Battery C, Nov. 23, 1917. Transferred to Hdqrs. Co., 
Mar. 25, 1918. Radio and Reconnaissance Officer, 2nd Bn. 
Served with Regiment until May 10, 1919. 

Sullivan, Leonard Woodmere, Long Island, N. Y. 

Capt, Regimental Adjutant, Sept 5, 1917-July 1, 1918. Trans- 
ferred to Army Staff College at Langres, France. 

'Tench, Francis M. 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, _D. C. 
1st Lt, Dental Corps, Mar. 21-Aug. 19, 1918. Transferred 
to 302nd Sanitary Train and promoted to Capt. 

Thomas, Rupert B 259 Broadway, Flushing, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery D. Dec. 21, 1917. Transferred to Battery F, 
Sept. 12, 191& Served with Battery F until May 10, 1919. 

Tweedy, Temple H 4316 Thirteenth St., Washington, D.C. 

2nd Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Jan. 23, 1918-Aug. 24, 1918. . Transferred 
to Battery F. Wounded, Aug. 25, 1918. Rejoined Regiment as 
1st Lt., Oct. 1918, and served with Hdqrs. Co. until May 10, 
1919. 

Washburn, Ira H Haverstraw, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery F, Sept 5, 1917-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 
U. S. A. and promoted to 1st Lt. 

'Watson, Elmer E 

2nd Lt., Battery F, Nov. 24, 1917-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to 
U. S. A. and promoted to 1st Lt. 
260 



Welling, Charles B 55 East 76TH St., New York City. 

1st Lt., Battery B, Sept. 5, 1917. Made Regimental Personnel 

Adjutant, Jan. 22, 1919. Promoted to Capt, Mar. 26, 1919. 
Whitcomb, Newell B 

1st Lt., Supply Co., Jan. i-Aug. 23, 1918. Returned to U. S. A. 

and promoted to Capt. 
Wyman, Walter F 152 West 58th St., New York City 

2nd Lt., Hdqrs. Co., Sept. 5, 1917-Promoted to 1st Lt, Jan. 3, 

1918. Evacuated to hospital as sick, Oct. 10, 1918. 
Wenzel, Andrew J 2374 Putnam Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. 

2nd Lt., Battery B, April-May, 1919. Came over-seas as 1st 

Sgt, Hdqrs. Co. Graduated from Officers' Training School at 

Saumur, and served at front with 2nd Div. 
Yardorough, Arthur L. 

Care of Adjutant General of the Army, Washington, D. C. 

2nd Lt., Battery A, Oct. 14, 1918-Jan. 24, 1919. Transferred 

to Army of Occupation. 

Note: A number of non-commissioned officers of the 304th F. A. were gradu- 
ated from the Artillery Training School at Saumur, France, and qualified for com- 
missions. The commissions, however, did not arrive until just before demobiliza- 
tion. The editor regrets that, as a complete list of these promotions was not avail- 
able, he was unable to include the names in the roster of officers. 



26l 



ROSTER OF ENLISTED MEN 

THOSE WHO WENT OVERSEAS WITH THE REGIMENT * 

Aaberg, Casper I. .-...Pvt. R. F. D. No. 4, Starbuck, Minn Battery F. 

Abrams, Harry Sgt 69 Hart St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Ackerman, John Pvt 1 136 Flushing Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. . Battery B, 

Adelberg, Harry Pvt. 212 Nostrand Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y..Hdqrs. Co. 

Agneau, Richard S. ..Pvt 76 Union Road, Roselle Pk\, N. J... Battery F. 

Agnelli, Joseph Pvt Otter River, Mass Battery D. 

Agoni, Joe 1 Pvt Box 94, Buhl, Mass Battery C. 

Aigeltinger, Frank W. . Sgt 475 W. I42d St., N. Y. C,, N. Y Battery C. 

Akvik, Otto Pvt Audubon, Minn Battery C. 

Allard, Felix Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Southbridge, Mass.. .Battery D. 

Allen, Edward P Mech 325 E. 51st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Allen, Vernon L Pvt R. F. D. No. 1. Stockton, Kansas ...Battery C. 

Almy, William M Sgt Lawrence, L. I., N. Y Battery C. 

Altenburg, Charles . . Bd. Sgt. ... 234 Jerome St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. : 

Airman, Morris H. ..Pvt 294 Georgia Ave., Broklyn, N. Y. ...Battery D. 

Alvey, John L Pvt Issue Post Office— Charles Co., Md.. Battery A. 

Americo, Dante Pvt 130 Houston St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Battery B. 

Amidon, Willis E Pvt 1613 Holme St., Kansas City, Mo.. . . Battery C. 

Anastas, P. N Pvt 520 W. 54th St.. N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Anderson, Albert W. .Pvt 1530 E. 18th St., Minneapolis, Minn. . Battery F. 

Anderson, Albin J Pvt Crosby, Pa Hdqrs. Co. 

Anderson, Andrew ..Pvt Trommlald, Minn Battery E. 

Anderson, Archie Pvt 22 Center St., Rockaway Bh., N. Y.. Hdqrs. Co. 

Anderson, A. W Rt. Su. Sgt. . Emmet, Idaho Supply Co. 

Anderson, Carl W. . . Cpl R. F. D., Osseo, Minn Battery A. 

Anderson, Carl O Wag 397 N. Smith Ave., St. Paul, Minn.. .Supply Co. 

Anderson, Edward ..Pvt. % Mrs. O. Greyezwaez, 26 Third 

Ave., Seymour, Conn Battery A. 

Anderson, Elmer Q. . . Pvt Roxbury Rd., N. Britain, Conn Battery B. 

Anderson, Ernest W. .Pvt Box 97, Rush City, Minn Battery B. 

Anderson, Frode ....Wag 1528 25 Ave., S. E. Minneapolis, Minn.Supply Co. 

Anderson, Josephus ..Sgt 321 Stanhope St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery F. 

Anderson, Ludwig .... Pvt Higden, Minn Supply Co. 

Anderson, Oscar A. ..Pvt 119 Adams St., Eveleth, Minn Battery F. 

Andrews, Edmund Z. . Mech 165a Jefferson Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery A. 

Andrews, John F Pvt Johnson, Minn Battery F. 

1 Names printed in italics represent those who lost their lives as a result of 
wounds received in action. 

262 



Angelo, Guiseppo 
Anquisano, Wm. A 
Anselmi, Galiano 
Antola, Francesco 
Antonecchi, A. . 
Apicella, Louis . 
Appel, Eric G. . . . 
Appleby, Robert . 
Aquilino, Michele 
Arfman, Chris. J. 
Armstrong, Albert T 



. Pvt ij Hamburg Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y... 

. Pvt 316 E. 62nd St., N. Y. City, N. Y 

. Pvt 617 Lorimer St., Brooklyn, N. Y 

. Bug 3 Hamilton Place, N. Y. C 

. Pvt 3436 Kingsbridge Ave., N. Y. C 

. Cook 1063 Park Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y 

. Cpl Scobey, Mont 

. Pvt Mystic, Iowa 

. Pvt 2 Elliot PI., Newton, Up. Falls, Mass. 

.Sgt 510 E. 89th St., N. Y. C, N. Y 

.Cpl 1715 Montgomery Ave., N. Y. C... 



Battery C. 

Battery C. 

Battery D. 

Battery D. 

Battery E. 

Battery D. 

Battery E. 

Battery D. 

Battery F. 

Battery A. 

Battery C. 

Battery E. 

Battery E. 

Battery D. 

Supply Co. 

Hdqrs. Co. 

Battery E. 

Battery D. 

Battery A. 

Battery C. 

Battery B. 

Battery C. 

Hdqrs. Co. 



Armstrong, James A. . Pvt 9 Acorn St., Elmhurst, N. Y 

Armstrong, John R. ..Pvt 47478th St., Brooklyn, N. Y 

Arola, Arvid Pvt Wolf Lake, Minn 

Arone, Raffaello Mech Elm St., Ardsley, N. Y 

Ashby, Whitman G. ..Sgt Sherman Ave., No. Collins, N. Y 

Asher, Harry R Mech Red Hooke, N. Y 

Aske, Leonard A Pvt Prosper, Minn 

Askman, John Cpl 1571 2nd Ave., N. Y. G, N. Y 

Atno, Sherwood Sgt S7 Prospect PI., Brooklyn, N. Y 

Augustine, Harry Mech Westhampton Beach, L. I., N. Y 

Aureli, Michele Pvt 299 E. 103d St., N. Y. C, N. Y 

Ayers, Stephen Sgt 166 W. 129th St., N. Y. C 

Bacca, Cornino Pvt 

Bailey, Gaylord Pvt 1208 Brookdale Ave., Charlton. la... Battery D. 

Bailey, Harold R Pvt 130 W. 28th St., Minneapolis, Minn. .Battery A. 

Bailey, William F Pvt c.o. Minneapolis Journal, Minn Battery A. 

Baird, Edward B Cpl 4.3 Columbus Ave., Port Richmond, 

S. I Hdqrs. Co. 

Baker, Lester B Wag Creek Road Forks, N. Y Supply Co. 

Bakke, Jacob A Pvt Storden, Minn Battery E. 

Bakken, Paulus Pvt Vining. Minn Battery F. 

Bakken, Rudolph Pvt Houston, Minn Battery D. 

Baldwin, Amos J. C. . . Sgt Merrick Rd., Belmore, L. I., N. Y.. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Ball, Elliott B Pvt Hammondsport, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Bandera, Robert A. ..Pvt 3909 Folsam St., St. Louis, Mo Battery C. 

Bang, Walter Pvt R. 1, Royal, Iowa Battery D. 

Barger, Jesse W Cpl Mohegan Lake, N. Y Battery D. 

Barham, Lee Pvt Edgerton, Iowa Battery D. 

Barker, Paul J Pvt ...35 Mystic Ave., E. Lynn, Mass Battery A. 

Barnett, Grover C. ..Pvt General Delivery, Meta, Mo Battery B. 

Barnett, Richard J. ..Pvt 67 Sutton St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Barrett, Clyde A Pvt Happyville, Colo Battery C. 

Barrett, Thomas M. . . Pvt 90s 5th Ave., McKeesport, Pa Battery F. 

Barrett, William ....Pvt 220 E. 57th St., N. Y. C. N. Y Battery D. 

Barrington, Williams .Pvt 1361 Whitney Ave., Niagara Falls, 

N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

263 



Barry, Edmund L Cpl 45 Wadsworth Ave., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Bartell, Fred Pvt 833 2nd Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Barth, Jacob F Pvt Keating Summit, Pa Battery D. 

Bartley, Harry E Pvt 307 W. 21st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Barton, Francis K. . . Sgt 742 Richmond Rd.. Richmond, S. I., 

N. Y Battery F. 

Bass, S Cook 1664 Park Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Bassage, Roy E Cpl. ....... R. F. D. No. 12, Branchport, Steu- 
ben Co., N. Y Battery F. 

Basset, Edw. J Pvt 41 Summit St., New Medical 

Baum, Arthur Pvt 540 W. iS7st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Baumgardner, H. H. .Pvt 101 Wall St., Sioux City, Iowa Battery C. 

Baumgrass, Cornelius .Cpl 167 E. 89th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Bauscher, Charles . . -. . Pvt 530 E. 88th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Beach, Hart J Sgt Saybrook, Conn Battery F. 

Beams, Frederick B. ..Pvt 161 E. 7th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Beck, Leonard L Pvt 238 E. Lucy St., St. Paul, Minn Battery A. 

Belgan, John L Pvt 1 17 W. 96th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Bellquist, Oscar W. ..Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Box 94, Dassel, Minn. Battery B. 

Benczik, Alios J Pvt 1904-19 ^ Ave., 3rd St., N. St. 

Cloud, Minn Battery E. 

Bennet, Robert Cpl 169 Main St., Hamburg, N. Y Battery A. 

Benzing, Albert H. ..Bug 48 Maple Ave., Springville, N. Y Battery B. 

Benzing, William F. ..Bug 48 Maple Ave., Springville, N. Y Battery B. 

Beransky, Joseph Pvt Barren Island, Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Bereen, John S Pvt Spicer, Minn Battery B. 

Berg, Christ Cook Deerwood, Minn Battery C. 

Berger, Fred Pvt 563 W. 173rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Berges, Walter Pvt 498 E. 7th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Bernier, Edwin B Pvt Winona, Minn Hdqrs. Co. 

Bertraum, Fritz Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, Cohasset, Minn Battery F. 

Bertuglia, Francesco ..Cook 340 E. 13th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Bestman, William Pvt 157 Newell St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Betuel, G Cpl Ordnance 

Beveridge, Constable . . Cpl .80 Bunker Hill Ave., Waterbury, 

Conn Battery C. 

Bianchi, Joseph G Pvt .2376 Genesee St., Cheektowaga, N. Y.Battery A. 

Bideaux, Leo A Pvt 2367 Jackson St., Dubuque, Iowa. .. .Battery B. 

Bielfelt, Leonard W. . Pvt Route No. 5, Boone, Iowa Battery F. 

Biggins, Ralph H. shoer . .Lake St., Wilson, N. Y Battery E. 

Billings, Elton L Pvt Friendship, N. Y Battery D. 

Biniak, Paul Pvt 975 Geranium St., St. Paul, Minn — Battery A. 

Birkeland, Nels M. ..Pvt 2427 N. 6th St., S. Minneapolis, Min. Battery F. 

Bittner Albert Pvt 100 W. 81st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Bicksler, Paul Cpl 114 Lincoln PI., Wadsworth, Ohio. . .Hdqrs. Co. 

Bjorge, LeRoy Pvt Gary-Mormon Co., Minn Battery F. 

Blake, Peter A Pvt Battery A. 

Blaney, Lawrence V. . . Pvt Little Falls, West Virginia Battery C. 

264 



Blaschka, Albert J. . . Pvt 283 Bunker St., St. Paul, Minn Battery A. 

Bliss, Arthur P Pvt R. F. D. No. 3, Westfield, Pa Hdqrs. Co. 

Bliss, E. M Pvt Waterville, Minn Battery E. 

Bloom, Morris Pvt 348 Powers Ave., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Blundy, John A Cook Orchard Park, N. Y Battery E. 

Boccard, Victor E. ..Pvt 1419 Ave. I, Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Boguhn, John W Mech Angola, N. Y Battery A. 

Booker, Ralph L Pvt 17 Sayward St., Dorchester, Mass. ..Hdqrs. Co. 

Boom, Axel T Pvt Wheaton, Minn Battery D. 

Borchert, Alfred Pvt 352 Kosiosok St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Bosz, Michael Pvt Orchard Park, Erie Co., N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Bottke, Fred. J Cpl 646 Columbus Ave., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Bourdeau, Dave Pvt 20 Maple PI., Minneapolis, Minn Battery B. 

Bourne, Harry Pvt 319 Willet Ave., Portchester, N. Y.. .Battery C. 

Bouse, William Pvt 7th St., Bayside, N. Y Battery F. 

Bowen, Milo M Pvt £9 Railroad Hill Ave., Waterbury, 

Conn Battery C. 

Bowler, Patrick Pvt 650 High St., Holyoke, Mass Battery D. 

Bradshaw, James D. ..Pvt 28 Depot St., Adams, Mass Battery D. 

Brady, James A Pvt 1237 Fulton St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Braga, Joseph F Pvt 146 Stewart St., Fall River, Mass. . . Battery D. 

Bramson, Joseph . . . . Sgt 216 Ft. Washington Ave., N. Y. C... Supply Co. 

Braun, Benj Pvt Box 463, Wadena, Minn Battery E. 

Brautigarn, Arthur . . Pvt 226 E. 21st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Breister, Stanley H. ..Pvt 254 Keystone Ave., Buffalo, N. Y Battery A. 

Brenden, Iver Pvt Moorhead, Minn Battery B. 

Bretschneider, J. E. ..Pvt 1800 Monroe Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y... Battery A. 

Briden, James J ,Pvt 316 N. nth St., Olean, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Bridger, Alva E Pvt Decatur City, Iowa Battery D. 

Brighton, Bruce D. ..Cpl 258 Macon St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Brink, Arthur Pvt Battery D. 

Britting, Lyman E. ..Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, Angola, N. Y Battery A. 

Broderick, John J Pvt 19 Floyd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Brodsky, Alex Pvt 57 E. 104th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Brodt, John H Ord. Sgt. . . Ordnance 

Brogan, Louis Pvt Odebolt, Iowa Battery A. 

Brooks, Leon N Pvt Greenbush, Minn Battery D. 

Brothers, Fred Sgt 1306 Van Alst, Astoria, L. I Hdqrs. Co. 

Brotz, Elmer J Pvt 221 Gray St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery D. 

Brown, Edward P. ..Pvt 219 E. 69th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Brown, Eugene F Cpl 203 Sterling St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Brown, Iva K Pvt Delevan, N. Y Battery C. 

Brown, Jesse C Pvt New Market, Iowa Battery B. 

Brown, Robert J Pvt 2109 S. Alden St., Philadelphia, Pa. ..Medical 

Brown, Roland E Cpl Holland, N. Y '....Battery E. 

Browngardt, Carl ....Pvt Germaine Ave., Sag Harbor, N. Y... Battery F. 

Brueggemeier, P. F. . . Pvt Norwood, Minn Battery C. 

Bruni, Joseph Pvt Red Lodge, Montana Battery C. 

265 



Bruntmeyer, Henry . . Pvt. 

Bryant, Otto Pvt. 

Bryant, William Pvt. 

Bucciantinni, Angelo . Cpl. 
Buchmiller, Jos. W. . . Pvt. 
Buckley, George E. . . Pvt. 
Buckley, Timothy J. . .,Sgt. 

Buechel, Louis Pvt. 

Buehl, A Sgt. 

Buffum, Sayles Pvt. 

Buldic, Amile Pvt. 

Bundy, Harry D Pvt. 

Buono, Julius Pvt. 

Burchards, John H. . . Cpl. 
Burdick, Donald E. ..Pvt. 

Burk, Lester Pvt. 

Burke, M. L Sgt. 

Buss,- Jacob Wag 

Burkland, Chas. E. ..Pvt. 
Busch, Benjamin ....Pvt. 

Busel, Fred Pvt. 

Bush, Ernest Cpl. 

Byrne, John J Pvt. 

Byrne, Sylvester G. . . Pvt. 
Byrne, Thomas J. . . Wag 

Caderre, Elzear Pvt. 

Cain, Harley J Pvt. 

Calari, Alphonso .... Pvt. 

Caleca, Frank Pvt. 

Calvin, Benjamin F. ..Pvt. 

Camp, Henry C Pvt. 

Campbell, Charles E. . Pvt. 
Canamare, Louis .... Cpl. 

Canellos, John K Pvt. 

Canfield. Harold T. ..Sgt. 
Cantwell, Thomas J. . . Pvt. 
Cappasso, Joseph .... Pvt. 

Capistran, Leo' J Pvt. 

Cappalo, Vincent Pvt. 

Carder, Earl B Pvt. 

Carey, Erwin F Cpl. 

Carlson, Albert Pvt. 

Carlson, Axel 'L Pvt. 

Carlson, Edmund .... Sgt. 
Carlson, Herman R. . . Pvt. 
Carmine, Bruno P. . . Pvt. 



Battle Lake. Minn Battery A. 

Garden City, Minn Battery D. 

427 Ft. Washington Ave., N. Y. C... Battery C. 

, Battery F. 

Jefferson, Iowa Battery D. 

1388 Fulton St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

1 158 1st Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Dubuque, Iowa Battery B. 

19 Chestnut St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Payne St., East Aurora, N. Y Battery B. 

1404 14th Ave., N. Minneapolis. Min.Battery E. 

Angola, N. Y Battery A. 

829 Park Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

116 Central Ave., Flushing, L. I Hdqrs. Co. 

R. D. No. 2, Bolivar, N. Y Battery D. 

Battery C. 

225 E. 89th St., N. Y. C, % Hanlon. Battery B. 
R. F. D. No. 2, Box 134, Robinsdale, 

Minn Supply Co. 

174 Palmer St., Muskegon, Mich. ...Battery C. 

347 Harrison St., St. Paul, Minn Battery E. 

33 Cooper St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

109 W. 24th St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

171 Beebe Ave., L. I. City, N. Y Battery C. 

1342 Clinton Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.. ..Battery C. 

1193 3rd Ave., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

143 Dean St., New Bedford, Mass Battery A. 

Clearfield Iowa Battery D. 

10 E. 14th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

316 W. 49th St., New York City Supply Co. 

Battery B. 

Sonoma, Cal Battery C. 

Keokuk, Iowa Battery C. 

Chestnut St., Cederhurst, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Battery C. 

102 Bay St.. Glens Falls, N. Y Battery A. 

511 W. 169th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

304 E. 29th St., N. Y. C, N.Y Battery E. 

Crookstown, Minn Battery D. 

21 Jones St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Valley Junction, Iowa Battery C. 

96 Haven Ave., N. Y. C Battery B. 

R. F. D. No. 1, Herndon, Kansas. .. .Battery C. 

Wildwood, Minn Battery D. 

1059 40th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Sandstone, Minn • .Battery F. 

264 Davis Ave., Greenwich, Conn.. . .Battery E. 
266 



Carmody, William A. . Pvt Emmetsburg, Iowa Battery D. 

Carr, Charles C Cpl 101 Brent St., Dorchester, Mass Hdqrs. Co. 

Carroll, Edward Pvt 45-' W. 25th St., X. V. C, X. Y Battery B. 

Carrol, John J Pvt 134 W. 63rd St., X. V. C Battery A. 

Carter, Howard C. . . Sgt Xorf oik. Conn Hdqrs. Co. 

Cartwright, Earl Pvt Detroit. Minn Battery D. 

Case, Arland B Pvt R. F. D. 1, Painted Post, X. Y Battery F. 

Cass, Edwin C. .......Cpl 214 E. 69th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Cassell, Robert W. .. Cook 523B E. 85th St., X. Y. C. X. Y Battery A. 

Cassidy, James A Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, Springfield, Minn.. . .Battery C. 

Cassidy, James F Cpl 10 Stanley Terrace, Lynn, Mass Hdqrs. Co. 

Castellano, Michael . . Pvt 339 3rd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Castle, Albert Cook Eden Centre, Erie Co., N. Y Battery A. 

Catibiloti A Pvt 349 E. 76th St., X. Y. C. X. Y Battery I:. 

Caudell. Floyd Pvt Stanton, Ky Battery D. 

Cavanagh, Charles A. . Pvt 804 E. 182nd St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Challeen, James A. . . Pvt Pine City, Minn Battery B. 

Chapman, Joseph N. ..Pvt 207 Berkeley PI., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Charles, Moriville J. ..Pvt R. F. D., Sandusky, Cattaraugus Co., 

X. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Charleson, James F. .. Pvt 412B Avlarad St., Los Angeles, Cal.. Battery E. 

Charley, Albert Pvt Grandy, Minn ; Battery A. 

Chott, John F Pvt 215 Chestnut St., Fort Madison. la.. .Battery E. 

Christensen, Axel ....Pvt Ringstead, Iowa Battery D. 

Christie, Burdette H. .Pvt R. D. Xo. 8, Hastings, Mich Battery E. 

Christie, Elmer Pvt Osakis, Minn Battery A. 

Christoffel, J. E Sgt 1 198 Hancock- St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery A. 

Clackner, John L Sgt 350 Clermont Ave., Brooklyn, X. Y.. Battery D. 

Clancy, James Pvt 222 South 17th St., Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Clark, Adam Pvt Beacon, Iowa -. Battery E. 

Clark, Bert E Pvt YVinatchi, Wash Supply Co. 

Clark, Lee R Pvt 400 Washington St., Colfax, Iowa. . .Battery E. 

Clark, R. H Cpl Fisher's Island, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Clarke, John P Pvt 730 S. Evans Ave., McKeesport, Pa. .Battery F. 

Clausen, Christian A. .Pvt 3251 Minnehaha Ave., Minneapolis, 

Minn Battery C. 

Claviter, Arthur W. ..Pvt 616 4th Ave., International Falls. 

Minn Battery D. 

Claypool, William Pvt Pine Island, Minn Battery B. 

Cleary. William M. ..Pvt 53 West St., Chicopee, Mass Battery D. 

Cline, Clyde O Pvt Leechburg, Pa Battery F. 

Coats, Wm. Van R. . . Sgt 240 Audubon, N. Y. C Battery C. 

Coffeen, Ben Pvt Mound City, Kansas Battery C. 

Coffey, James J Pvt 513 3rd Ave., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Coffta, Stanley V Pvt 248 Lackawanna Ave., Sloan. X. Y. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Cogan, John R Pvt. Battery A. 

Cohen, Benj. H Cpl 550 W. 157 St., N. Y. C. X. Y Battery B. 

Cohen, Meyer Pvt 1417 S. Franklin St., Phila., Pa Battery C. 



Collarissi, Thomas .... Cpl 307 W. 69th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Cole, Walter J Pvt Middlesex, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Coleman, George .... Mech 2274 7th Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Collar, Justin A Pvt 605 W. 144th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Colling, Perry L Pvt no Albro Ave., Springville, N. Y.. . .Battery B. 

Collings, Jeremiah G. . Pvt 722 Hicks St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Collins, Nicholas . . . . Pvt 114 E. 127th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Colmerauer, Joseph . . Pvt Seneca & Lind Sts., Gardenville, N.Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

Condon, William B. ..Pvt 1617 7th Ave. S., St. Cloud, Minn.. .Battery F. 

Conlon, Thomas E. . . Pvt Curlew, Iowa Battery E. 

Connell, James C Pvt 1221 Maple St., Olean, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Connell, Levitson Pvt R. F. D. 4, Box 12, Charlotte, N. C. .Battery A. 

Connelly, Frank T. ..Pvt 28s Franklin St., Norwich, Conn.. . .Battery F. 

Connelly, James E. ..Pvt 28 Perry St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Connelly, R. A Pvt in Lake St., Newburg, N.Y Battery F. 

Converse, Verne E. ..Pvt R. F. D. 2, Fairhaven, Minn Battery C. 

Cook, Edward W Cpl 52 Woodward Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. .Battery F. 

Cook, Ralph P Cpl 251 5th Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Cookman, Charles A. .Pvt P. O. Box 64, Cowlesville, N. Y Battery B. 

Coon, Russell G Pvt 2101 Clark St., Des Moines, Iowa. . .Battery E. 

Coppolo, Alfonso ....Pvt 159 Malvern St., Newark, N. J Hdqrs. Co. 

Corbett, James J Pvt 263 7th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Corigliano, Santo .... Pvt 52 Sackett St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Cornish, Orin A. Pvt 214 Lenworth PI., S. W., Washing- 
ton, D. C Battery F. 

Corrado, Antonio ....Saddler ...33 Crescent St., Swampscott, Mass.. .Battery D. 

Correll, T. V Pvt R. F. D. 5, Marshall, Mo 

Corrigan, Charles F. ..Pvt no Pleasant St., New Britain, Conn.Hdqrs. Co. 

Consentino, Rosario ..Mech 282 Exchange St., Geneva, N. Y Supply Co. 

Cote, William L : Sgt Warrenburg, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Cox, Louis H Pvt Medical 

Coyle, Michael Pvt 1274 Ave. A., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Coyne, Thomas A Cpl 318 W. 125th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Cramblitt, Harry C. . . Pvt 920 Ryan St., Baltimore, Md Battery C. 

Crean, Peter Pvt 446 Maple St., Holyoke, Mass Battery D. 

Cristiano, Guissepe ..Pvt McKinley, Minn ' Battery C. 

Cromwell, H. M Pvt Scranton, Iowa Battery E. 

Cronin, Thomas J 1st Sgt. . . .618 W. 5th St., Topeka, Kansas Battery B. 

Crooker, Howard O. . . Cpl 2560 Main St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery A. 

Crooks, James Sgt 435 36th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Crosby, James E Pvt 353 E. 193rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Cross, Miles E Sgt Eureka, N. Y Battery D. 

Croy, Walter C Cpl Glencoe, Iowa Battery D. 

Cucciniello, Louis Sgt 123 Goodrich St., Astoria, L. I., N.Y.Battery A. 

Cucopules, A Cook 1 12 W. 65th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Cullen, Bernard Bug 504 W. 172nd St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Curnan, Patrick Pvt 2791 8th Ave., N. Y. C .Battery D. 

Curry, Thomas C Sgt 345 7th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

268 



Curtis, Clarence D. ..Cpl Leedy, Okla Battery A. 

Cutshell, John L Pvt General Delivery, Livingston Co., 

Bedford, Mo Battery A. 

Dallye, William T Sgt /30 S. Evans Ave., McKeesport, Pa.. Battery F. 

Dalrymple, Fred Pvt 129 E. 23rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Daly, William F Pvt j8i E. 15th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Damato, Anthoney M. .Pvt 479 Adelphia St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Damitz, John F Pvt Box 40, Elkhorn, Nebr Battery A. 

Danforth, George C . . Sgt Foxcroft, Maine Battery C. 

Daniels, Joseph Wag 175 Herkimer St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Supply Co. 

Danielson, George .... Pvt Erskine, Minn Battery A. 

Darling, George Sgt 611 W. 156th St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Darrel, Roscoe R Pvt Twinn, Minn Battery F. 

Daubert, Elmer E Pvt 2618 W. Silver St., Philadelphia, Pa.. Battery A. 

Dauwalder, Charles . . Pvt Rochelle Park, N. J Hdqrs. Co. 

Davies, Leroy S Pvt 47 Park Ave., Englewood, N. J Battery B. 

Davis, Lloyd S Pvt 4 Park St., Springville, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Dawson, Norman Sgt 3 14 Webster St., Needham Hts., Mas.Battery D. 

DeCicco, Albert A. ..Pvt West Hoboken, N. J Battery E. 

Deegan, William A. . . Mech 192 Wycoff Ave.. Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Di-Lello, Joseph Cook 209 E. 44th St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Dehullu, Julian Pvt 41 Snipsie St., Rockville, Conn Battery_A. 

Deike, Fredk. H. B. ..Pvt 8725 4th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery*E. 

DelNevo, Anthony. „Sgt 482 W. Broadway, N. Y. C, N. Y.. . .Battery C. 

Deming, Roy L Pvt 3122 Hiawatha Ave., Minneap., Minn.Battery F. 

Despino, Salvatore . . Pvt 36 Little Nassau St., Brooklyn, N. Y..Battery A. 

Dettman, Henry J Pvt Clarence, Iowa Hdqrs. Co. 

Dever, Willis Pvt Highwood, 111 Battery F. 

Devoe, Charles R Pvt Oyster Bay, N. Y Battery B. 

Devorak, C. G Pvt 76 W. 48th St., N: Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Dewey, Henry S Pvt 49 Marigold St., Buffalo, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

DiCaprio, Bernard R. . Cpl Box 15, Skillman, X. J Battery F. 

Dichich, Mike /.Sgt 252 W. 39th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Dickman, Eldo F Pvt Garnsville, Iowa Battery A. 

Dignen, Charles B. ..Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Addison. Steuben Co., 

N. Y Eattery F. 

Director, Jacob Cook 219 Henry St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Dobby, David Cpl 556 St. Paul's PI., N. Y. C, N. Y... .Battery B. 

Dodrille, Martin Pvt Bergoo, W. Va Medical 

Doepner, William ....Pvt 640 W. Minnehaha Ave., St. Paul, 

Minn Battery F. 

Doherty, Samuel R. ..Bugler ....301 Warwick St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Battery A. 

Dolfini, Andrew Bd. Ldr. ...136 6th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Dominski, John S Pvt 88 Main St., Hamburg, N. Y Battery A. 

Dondich, Sam Pvt P. O. Box 206, Aurora, Minn Battery B. 

Donnelly, John Pvt 412 Prospect Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery D. 

Donnelly, William J. . . Cpl 1629 W. 32nd Place, Chicago, 111 Battery F. 

269 



Donnelly, Joseph P. . . Pvt 20 Treadwell Ave., Lynbrook, N. Y..Hdqrs. Co. 

Donohue, John J Pvt 238 E. 124th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Donovan, Aloysius B. . Pvt 53 North St., Binghamton, N. Y Supply Co. 

Dorck, John Pvt 232 E. 100th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Dorst, Walter M Wag Hamburg, N. Y Supply Co. 

Doshna, John Pvt 26 Arlington Ave., Yonkers, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Doty, L. F Cpl 605 W. 181st St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Doubek, Joseph F Pvt General Delivery, Wilson, Kansas. . .Battery B. 

Dowling, Edward M. . Pvt 227 W. 70th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Downes, Ernest J Pvt 1838 3rd Ave., N. Y. C. .' ; Battery D. 

Deyo, Ramond Pvt 62 Bunker Hill Ave., Waterbury, 

Conn Battery A. 

Doyon, Joseph N Pvt Boyden. Iowa Battery C. 

Drenth, Klaas Cpl Elsworth, Minn Battery A. 

Dresch, Frank E Cpl 287 5th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Dreyblatt, Max Bd. Sgt. . .325 E. Houston St., N. Y. C, N. Y.. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Dries, F. G 1st Sgt. . . .Southold, L. I., N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Driscoll, Robert E. ..Pvt 962 W. 28th St., Erie, Pa Supply Co. 

Drosendahl, W. H. Jr. .Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, Wales Center, N. Y. Battery E. 

Ducharme, Joseph A. .Pvt. R. F. D. Box 174, N. St. Paul, Minn.Battery C. 

Ducharme, Theodore .Pvt R. R. No. 1, Red Lake Falls, Minn.. .Battery B. 

Dunham, James Pvt Prospect Park, Hamburg, N. Y Battery A. 

Dunn, Bernard J Pvt Box 164, Cascade, Iowa Battery B. 

Dunn, John J Pvt P. O. Box 209, Glen Cove, L. I., N. Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

Dunning, Morris M. . . Pvt R. F. D., Cuba, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Dunphy, John J. .....Sgt 23 Winifred St., Middle Village, L. 

I., N. Y Battery E. 

Duphorne, Otto D. ..Pvt Gen. Del., Sharon Springs, Kas Battery B. 

Durkin, Roy E Pvt 740 8th St., Niagara Falls, N. Y Battery C. 

Durling, Ray W Sgt 57 W. 92nd St., N. Y. C ,. . . . Battery E. 

Dyblass, Charles W. ..Pvt. .= 694 E. 138th St., N. Y. C, N. Y. ...Battery B. 

Dyer, Thomas B Pvt 27 Lawn Ave., Pawtucket, R. I Battery D. 

Eannuzzo, Guesseppe .Pvt Fragona Provensi, Gorgenti, Italy. . .Battery F. 

Eaton, Christopher ..Pvt 353 W. 44th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Edgerton, Abel J Pvt 597 E. 136th St.. Bronx, N. Y Battery B. 

Edgerton, Lester M. . . Pvt 311 Hall Ave., Solvay, N. Y Battery A. 

Egan, John Sgt 2120 Crotona Ave., Bronx, N. Y Battery B. 

Egan, William J Pvt 1227 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery F. 

Ehlers, Paul Pvt 619 Gaines St., Davenport, Iowa Battery E. 

Elmer, Harry F Pvt Union Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Eichele, Otto Pvt 224 3rd St., New Dorp, S. I., N. Y.. .Battery C. 

Eisele, Albert J Pvt Orchard Park, N. Y ' Battery E. 

Eisenberg, Albert ....Mus 97 Norfolk St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Elko, Edward Cpl 2780 Ambler St., Cleveland, Ohio. . .Battery A. 

Emerson, Robert M. . . Pvt 3 Clifford Ave., Ware, Mass Battery D. 

Emil, Anders Cpl 938 55th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Engen, Helmar J Pvt Highwater, Minn. Battery B. 

270 



Engstrom, F. C Pvt R. F. D. No. i, Garfield, Minn Battery E. 

Epstein, Abraham L. . . Pvt 87 Goerck St., N. Y. C Medical 

Ess, Floyd Cpl 296 Grove St., East Aurora, N. Y.. . .Battery E. 

Evans, Esli M Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Weldon, Iowa Battery B. 

Everitt, Seward C Pvt Hammondsport, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Ewinger, Wesley F. ..Pvt 214 N. Main St., Burlington, Iowa. .Battery A. 

Fairchild, George ....Pvt Packwood, Iowa Battery E. 

Fancher, Allen R Pvt Perrysburg, N. Y Battery C. 

Farber, Charley A. . . Pvt R. F. D. 5, Erie, Pa Battery B. 

Farber, Harl Pvt R. F. D., Hoxie, Kansas Battery B. 

Farley, Christ Pvt 351 Kentucky St., St. Paul, Minn.. . .Battery E. 

Farni, Charles N Pvt R. F. D. 1, Durango, Iowa Battery B. 

Farrell, Patrick J Pvt 426 W. 48th St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Farrell, W. A Pvt 27968th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Farren, John J Pvt 4 Hallock St., Amherst, Mass Battery D. 

Fatseas, Paul Pvt 673 3rd Ave'.,'N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Feinberg, Sam Pvt 1.545 44th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Feldweg, Edward H. .Pvt 137 5th St., Elizabeth, N. J Battery A. 

Fenneran, Bert T Pvt Humphrey, N. Y Battery C. 

Fieldly, John O. V. ..Pvt 650 Henry St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Fink, Albert A Cpl 425 E. 120th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Fink, Max Pvt 34 Garden St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery, F. 

Finkelstein, Harry Pvt 2771 W. 36th St., Coney Island, N. Y.Battery F. 

Finnegan, Dennis . . . . Sgt 629 Hamburg Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. .Supply Co. 

Fischer. A.J Pvt 1625 6th St., N. Minneapolis, Minn. . . Battery E. 

Fischer, George E Sgt Battery C. 

Fischer, Joseph W. . . Sgt 146 E. 98th St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Fisher, Mike J Pvt 140 Exchange St., Chicopee, Mass.. .Battery D. 

Fisher, William F Pvt 453 E. 78th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Fitzgerald, Nicholas ..Pvt 144 Sargeant St., Holyoke, Mass.. . .Battery D. 

Flienes, Alvin Pvt International Falls, Minn Battery E. 

Fleitman, Abraham . . Mus 35 Spring St., Boston, Mass Hdqrs. Co. 

Fleming, Bert F Pvt 1 16 Washington Ave., Minneapolis. 

Minn Battery A. 

Fleming, Gerald Pvt 540 W. 159th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Fleming, William A. . . Pvt R. F. D. 1, Concordia, Mo 

Flynn, James P Sgt 60 16th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Flynn, William J Pvt 511 S. Bridge St., Holyoke, Mass.. . .Battery D. 

Foley, Henry Mech 807 W. 17th St., Omaha, Neb Battery A. 

Follett, Carlyle W. ..Pvt Machias, N. Y. Hdqrs. Co. 

Foose, Edward W. ..Pvt Blasdell, N. Y Battery A. 

Foote, Perrie Pvt Raymond, Minn Battery B. 

Fosano, Tony Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Foster, Philip W H: shoer ..97 W. 9th St., Oswego, N. Y Battery D. 

Fox, Andrew J Pvt 38 Pearl St., Springville, N. Y Battery B. 

-Fox, Isidore J Pvt 129 W. 112th St., N. Y. C, N. Y,. ... .Battery B. 

Frank, August H Cpl 389 3rd Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

27I 



Franz, Oscar Pvt 772 St. Nicholas Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.Battery F. 

Frazier, Lewis -Pvt R. F. D. No. 3, Malvern, Iowa Battery B. 

Frazier, Louis S Pvt 187 Front St., Buffalo, N. Y Supply Co. 

Fredericksen, F. A. ..Pvt Box 315, Tyler, Minn Battery C. 

Freedman, Robert . . . . Cpl 628 W. 151st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Freehof, Marty L Pvt 41 E. North St., Wilkesbarre, Pa.. . .Battery A. 

Freeman, Benj Pvt 20 Rutger PL, N. Y. C Battery D. 

Freidberg, Benj Pvt 116 W. 129th St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Battery B. 

French, Arthur Mus 760 2nd Ave., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

French, Neal M Pvt 6722 Agnes Ave., Kansas City, Mo.. Battery A. 

French, Oscar L 1st. Sgt. ...1506 15th St., Nitro, W. Va Battery D. 

Frey, Harry C Pvt 155 Audubon Ave., N. Y. C.,N. Y.. .Battery C. 

Frid, Cha'r'les J Pvt 345 Fulton St., St. Paul, Ramsay, 

Minn Battery D. 

Freidman, H Pvt 1879 Sterling PI., Brooklyn, N. Y.. . .Battery E. 

Friedricksen, Emil ..Pvt Kiron, Iowa Battery C. 

Fromm, Louis Pvt 500 W. 175th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Fuchs, Peilet Pvt 2317 Westchester Ave., N. Y. C, 

N. Y Battery B. 

Fuller, Frederick C. . . Pvt Cordanville, Mass Battery D. 

Fullhardt, William ..Pvt 1752 1st Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Gallenz, Valentine Pvt Pleasant Valley. N. Y Battery C. 

Galli, Louis Pvt 728 Garfield St., Eveleth, Minn Hdqrs. Co. 

Gallo, Ernest Pvt 333 E. 120th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Gallo, Gus Pvt Newton, N. J Battery C. 

Gambel, Edward Mech 1437 2nd Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Gardali, Chas Pvt 19 Summer Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Supply Co. 

Garner, George L Pvt Potosi, Wisconsin Battery D. 

Garrison, Charles ....Cpl Bay 20th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Gasper, John G Pvt 525 21st Ave., S. Minneapolis, Minn.. Battery F. 

Gaudazno, Ralph Pvt 2037 1st Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Gaughn, Thomas J Pvt 70 Iglehart Ave., St. Paul, Minn. ...Battery C. 

Gavin, Bernard M. ..Pvt 702 W. Healey St., Olean, N. Y Hdqrs. Co', 

Geery, Duncan F Sgt 64 Clark St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Gehrke, George W. ...Pvt Route 4, Jackson, Minn Battery A. 

Geise, Henry M Pvt 2000 3rd Ave., N. Y. C Ordnance 

Gerard, Louis Pvt 267 W. 40th St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Gerardo, Lewis Pvt 297 Mott St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Geyer, Charles G Cook 86 Himrod St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Ghelardi, Anthony F. .Sgt 645 40th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Giambruno, E. ...... Pvt 266]/, William St., N. Y. C, N. Y.. . . Battery C. 

Gilbert, Frank J Pvt 136 Maple St., East Aurora, N. Y. . . Supply Co. 

Gillis, Williamson Pvt 18 Cedar St., Stapleton, S. I., N. Y.. Battery B. 

Gilmore, Michael Pvt 1582 3rd Ave., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Gilmour, Arthur E. ..Pvt 14 Park Ave., Winchester, Mass Hdqrs. Co. 

Gilmour, James Pvt East Grand Forks, Minn Battery D. 

Gilway, J. J Sgt 161 Eagle St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

272 



Gimmey, Chas. E Pvt 292 Hickory St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery A. 

Ginsberg, Leonard Sgt 935 St. Nicolas Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Glass, Joseph Cpl 170 Broadway, N. Y. C Battery D. 

Glauber, Jerome H. . . Cpl 535 W. 162nd St., N. Y. C. , Battery B. 

Glauber, Nathan S. ..Pvt 535 W. 162nd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Gleason, Jos. M Sgt 476 Main St. Poughkeepsie, X. Y.. .Battery D. 

Gleason, William J. ..Cpl 307 E. 37th St., N. Y. C„ N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Glover, William H. ..Pvt 78 Harrison St., N. Britain, Conn.. . .Battery A. 

Godfrey, Peter Pvt 470 St. Anthony St., St. Paul, Minn.. Battery A. 

Godoy, Frank Mus Barros, Porto Rico Hdqrs. Co. 

Godwin, Frank A Sgt Ordnance 

Goebel, John M Ch. Mech.. .Roosevelt Ave., Inwood, L. I.. N. Y.. Battery E. 

Goldberg, Max Pvt 1600 Madison Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.. .Battery A. 

Goldsmith, Joseph Cpl 700 W. 179th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Goldschmidt, R. O. ..Cpl 641 Ward St., Richmond Hill, N. Y.. Hdqrs. Co. 

Golnb, Herman A Pvt 321 Fernwood Ave., Rochester, N. Y. Medical 

Gonzales, Joseph Pvt ' ; 5 W. 36th St., N. Y. C Battery E_ 

Goodman, Frank ....Pvt 522 W. 3rd St.. Bloomington. Ind.. . .Battery D. 

Goodwin, James A. . . Cpl 370 W. 29th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Gordon, Warner A. ..Pvt General Delivery, Bunker, Missouri. Supply Co. 

Gorman, A. T Sgt 37 W. 87th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Gorman, Clarence P. . . Pvt 1 02 Waverly PI., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Gorrell, T. V ■. Pvt Battery B. 

Grace, George Pvt Battery E. 

Graham, Lawrence F. . p v t 444 St. Xicholas Ave., N. Y. C Ordnance 

Graham, Revard Pvt 1294 Bushwick Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

Graham, William L. . . Pvt 129 S. nth St., Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Grandin, Victor S. ..Sgt 602 W. 146th St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Battery D. 

Gravany, John C p v t 219 E. 76th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Graves, Victor H Pvt 463 W. 2nd St., Elmira, N. Y Battery D. 

Graves, Wayne K p v t Chaffee, N. Y Battery B. 

Gray, Daniel Pvt 3l2 W. 51st St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Green, Warner p v t Humbolt PI.. Depew, Erie Co., N. Y. Battery A. 

Greenbaum, Louis Pvt 502 W. 176th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Greenberg, Herman J. . p v t 233 Vernon Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Greenfield, J. T Sgt Battery C. 

Gregg, James Cpl 310 W. 121st St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Battery C. 

Gregory, Christopher . p v t 134 W. 20th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Greim, Frank J Pvt Ottawa, N. Y Battery C. 

Grenz, Edward Pvt 643 E. 7th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Grieves, Edward ....Pvt Big Timber, Montana Battery D. 

Griffin, George J Pvt 2832 Cortland St., Brooklyn, N. Y... Battery F. 

Griffith, A. C Pvt Chrisman, 111 Battery E. 

Griffith, Glenn M Pvt Arcade, N. Y Medical 

Grogan, Joseph E Pvt 115 Wolcott St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Grohs, Raymond J. . . Ch. Mech. ..44 Lynbrook Ave., Lynbrook, L. I., 

N. Y Battery B. 

Grunauer, Mortimer ..Sgt 323 Edgecombe Ave., N. Y. C. N. Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

^73 



Gronback, Ragner K. . Cpl .3847 N. Whipple St., Chicago, 111. . . . Battery C. 

Grundt, Michael Pvt 1483 5th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Grunditz, Hjelmer R. .Pvt 3932 13th Ave., S. Minneapolis, Minn.Battery F. 

Grunfast, Isidore ....Pvt 499 Hendrix St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Medical 

Guenther, Albert ....Pvt 19 London St., Buffalo, N, Y Battery F. 

Guida, Apthony Pvt 313 E. 48th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Gronewald, Henry H. shoer . . Sibley, Iowa Supply Co. 

Gwynne, William .... Wag 431 E. 17th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Haag, John G Wag Sumner, Iowa Supply Co. 

Hagan, James F Pvt 128 E. 112th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Hagan, James J. Jr. ..Cpl 172 W. 82nd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Hagman, Roy W Pvt 223 W. 13th St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Hahn, Andrew Bn. Cpl. ...241 Central Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Haley, Wesley H Mech 565 W. 148th St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Hall, Joseph ; Pvt South Coventry, Conn Battery E. 

Hallbauer, Walter C.Pvt 509 Broadway, S. Boston, Mass Battery A. 

Halligan, Jos. J Pvt 413 Vanderbilt St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. . Battery C. 

Halverson, John Pvt 712 S. nth St., Esterville, Iowa Battery A. 

Halverson, C. O Pvt Waseca, Minn Battery C. 

Hamburg, Norvin ,Pvt R. No. 1, Box 92, Oakland, Minn. ...Battery A. 

Hamff, William Pvt 6 Allen St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Hammerschmidt, J. . . Pvt 304 E. 85th St., N. Y. C. : Battery A. 

Hanft, William A. Jr. . Sgt 100 Hudson St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Hanner, Robert F. ..Pvt 711 Church St., Greensboro, N. C. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Hannon, Thomas J. ..Pvt 10 Ridgefield St., Dorchester, Mass.. Battery E. 

Hanrahan, Michael J. .Pvt 317 W. 142nd St., N. Y. C, ,N; Y.. .Battery B. 

Hansen, Harry 1. . Pvt R. R: No. 2, West Burlington, Iowa. Battery F. 

Hansen, Henry Pvt 208 E. 21st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Hansen, Warner J. ..Pvt 806 42nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Hanson, Otto Pvt Foley, Minn Battery E. 

Harknett, George Sgt 1296 Shakespeare Ave., N. Y. C, 

N. Y Battery D. 

Harper, Henry J Pvt Potosi, Mo Battery B. 

Harper, Martin B Pvt. Peoria Heights, Peoria, 111 Battery C. 

Harrington, E. O Pvt 404 Park Ave., Herkimer, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Harrington, Jeremiah .Cpl 122 W. 84th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Harris, Harry Pvt 122 W. 104th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Harrison, Henry D. . . Sgt Eldred, Pa •. . Hdqrs. Co. 

Hart, John A Mus 165 W. 126th St., N. Y C, N. Y... Hdqrs. Co. 

Harvey, George W. . . Sgt 1371 Shakespeare Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Hauenstein, Antony . . Pvt 191 Avenue B, N. Y. C. . . . , Battery C. 

Hausman, John B Pvt 172 Shelton Ave., Jamaica, >L. I., 

N. Y. ■...».• Battery A. 

-Hawkins, William J. . . Pvt Walnut St., Pawling, N. . Y Supply Co. 

Hawkinson, Peter A. .Pvt 503 E. Belvedere St., St.- Paul, Minn.Battery A. 

■ Haw ley, Henry S. ....Pvt Pelham Road, Amherst, Mass Battery D. 

■Hayes, Delmor- . 1. .:. . Pvt Pleasantville, - Iowa Battery E. 

274 



Hayden, Thomas F. . . Pvt 203 W. 88th St., N. Y. C„ N. Y Supply Co. 

Haynes, Edward Cpl 54 Remsen St., Brooklyn, N, Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Haynes, Daniel E. ..Pvt 231 Morgan St., Tonawanda, N. Y.. .Battery E. 

Head, Edward J Sgt 48 Convent Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Headings, John S Pvt R. F. D. 5, Hutchinson, Kansas Battery B. 

Healzig, Charles Pvt 114 E. 105th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Heaney, James J Pvt 1882 Park Ave.. N. Y. C, ,N. Y Supply Co. 

Hecht, Theodore .... Pvt 560 W. 149th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Hedenus, George W. .Pvt 208 E. 95th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Hedinger, Richard, Jr. . Pvt 611 Westchester Ave.. N. Y. C, N. Y. Battery C. 

Hefferman, Joseph J. .Pvt 112 St. Mark's PI.. Brooklyn, N. Y.. Medical 

Heldt, George Mech 221 E. 88th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Helgans, Harry Cpl 89 Elton St., Broklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Heller, J. A., Jr Pvt 219 E. 114th St., N. Y. C N. Y Battery D. 

Heller, Max J Pvt 3 Sheriff St., N. Y. C. N. Y Battery A. 

Hellman, Harvey W. .Pvt Manchester, St. Louis Co., Mo Battery B. 

Helman, Jack Pvt 363 E. 51st St., Brooklyn. N. Y Battery A. 

Henley, Maurice Pvt 215 Lee Ave., Brooklyn, X. Y Battery A. 

Henky, Theo Pvt 188 Elderds Lane, Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery B. 

Hennessy, Sylvester ..Pvt 300 W. 147th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Henry, John F Pvt 814 North St.. Collingdale, Pa Supply Co. 

Herfort, Gunther .... Cpl 570 W. 189th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Herman, Benedict Pvt 213 Henry St.. N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Hergenrother, E. H. .Pvt 462 Chestnut St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Herrick, William G. . . Pvt Perrysburg, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Heron, Thomas J Pvt 165 E. 49th St.. N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Heyl, Robert C, Jr. .. Sgt Wynnewood, Pa Hdqrs. Co. 

Hicks, Alexander Pvt 558 W. 148th St.. N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Higbee, Norman Sgt. Maj.. .R. F. D. No. 2, Milleville, N. J Hdqrs. Co. 

Hill, Horace J Pvt. .......Lost Creek, Tenn Battery F. 

Hill, Irving H Sgt 118 Warren St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Hill, lames A Pvt 215 Liberty, Bath, X. Y Battery F. 

Hiltensmith, Albert J. .As. Bd. Lr.. Richmond Hill, L. I., N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Hines, Edwin S Pvt 474 W. 158th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Hirsch, M. D Sgt 98 Sheriff St.. N. Y. C Battery B. 

Hirsch, Vincent R. . H Pvt Pound Rd., Spring Brook, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Hoag, Martin J Cpl Wingdale. N. Y Battery C. 

Hochreiter, John B. ..Pvt Main St., West Falls, N. Y Battery E. 

Hodel, Joseph M., Jr. .Pvt no S. nth Ave., Whitestone, N. Y.. .Battery D. 

Hodge, Carl V Pvt Hastings. Iowa Battery E. 

Hodson, George F. ..Pvt Orchard Park, Erie Co., N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Hoey, Alfred E Sgt 477 W. 143rd St.. N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Hoffman, Abraham ..Cpl 214 Lynch St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Hoffman, George H. ..Cpl R. F. D. No. 2, Hempstead, L. I Ordnance 

Hoffman, Jacob H. ..Cpl 763 Fresh Pond Rd., Bklyn., N. Y... Battery F. 

Hoffman, William J. .. Pvt Mclntyre, Iowa Battery D. 

Hogan, Bernard J. .«Pvt 502 W. 53rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Hogarth, Robert .... Sgt Jericho, L. I., N. Y Supply Co. 

275 



Hoggerle, Joseph A.. . Pvt 423 S. 10th St., Minneapolis, Minn.. .Battery D. 

Hogg, Joseph A Bd. Cpl. ...154 Garfield PI., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Holder, Edward P. . . Sgt Battery B. 

Hollock, William H. . . Pvt General Delivery, Maiden, Mo Battery B. 

Holmes, Arthur Sgt 182 St. Mark's Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.Ordnance 

Hoover, Paul J Pvt Scotland, Pa. .-. Battery A. 

Hopkins, William V. ,. . ( Pvt 342 E. 65th St., N. Y. C., N. Y Battery F. 

Hornung, Harry E. ..Pvt 207 Adams St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery E. 

Hornung, John J P v t 305 W. 146th St., N. Y. C., N. Y Battery D. 

Horton, Gerald C Cpl William St., Hammondsport, N. Y... Battery F. 

Hotchkiss, Eugene E. .Pvt 218 Stenvenson St., Buffalo, N. Y... Battery A. 

Houseman, H. T Pvt Battery B. 

Hovey, Harris Pvt R. No. 3, Grove City, Minn Battery C. 

Howard, George F. ...Pvt 243 Division St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Howell, Floyd Pvt Bens Run, W, Va Medical 

Howley, John Pvt 638 3rd Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Hoyt, Henry C Sgt 558 Woodward Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. Battery A. 

Huback, Frank Cpl Mobridge, So. Dakota Battery E. 

Hudson, E. P Pvt 376 W. 48th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Hughes, Clifford L. ,. ..Pvt Farmersville, N. Y Supply Co. 

Humbert, Joseph S. ..Wag 133 Duerstein Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. ..Battery A. 

Humphreys, H. J Pvt 378 Bay St., Tompkinsville, S. I., 

N. Y Battery E. 

Humphrey, William . . Sgt 242 E. 48th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Hunt, Dominic P Pvt 1330 E. 24th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. . . . Battery A. 

Hunter, John E Sgt 546 Broadway, Astoria, N. Y Battery A. 

Hurwitz, Ely Pvt ni7Westchester Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y. Battery A. 

Hutchinson, H. S Cpl 164 Ash Ave., Flushing, L. I., N. Y.. Battery B. 

Hyde, Joe R Pvt 

Inglett, Lloyd M H. shoer ..Prosper, Minn. Battery F. 

Ireland, Frank Pvt 1568 Madison Ave., N. Y.. C, N. Y. . . Supply Co. 

Isaacs, Lester Cpl 1064 57th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Izmialowicy, Ignacy . . Pvt Battery D. 

Jackson, John A Pvt Battery E. 

Jackson, Lloyd B Pvt Newmarket, Iowa • Battery D. 

R. F. D. No. 1, N. St, Paul St., 

Jackson, Wayne L. ..Pvt Cameron, Steuben Co., -N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Jacob, William R Mech I732 Holland Ave., Bronx-, N. Y., ... Battery C. 

Jacboson, William Cpl 731 E. 10th St., Brooklyn, N. Y. ..:.. Battery D. 

Jeager, Albert E Pvt 340 Kaufman Ave., Dubuque, Iowa. . Battery B. 

Jaekle, Jacob Sgt 1218 N. Union, Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Jakob, Frederick L. . Pvt 332 E. 94th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

James, Ashton Pvt East Lynn, Mass. Battery B. 

James, Emile, Jr Pvt. 137 W. 13th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Janulewicz, John ....Pvt in Lemon St., Holyoke, Mass. .....Battery D. 

Jay, Albert C Pvt 424 Harrison St., Pottsville,. Pa= . Battery C. 

276 



Jeanette, Louie Pvt 12 nth Ave., W. Duluth, Minn Battery C. 

Jeffers, William J Sgt 1807 S. 15th St., Philadelphia, Pa.. . .Battery F. 

Jemma, Vincent Cpl 25 New Bowery, N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Jensen, Cris H p v t R. F. D. No. 9, Penn Yan, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Jensen, Oscar Pvt R. No. 1, West Gate, Iowa Battery B. 

Jewell, Joseph p v t Wallingford, Vt Battery D. 

Jewell, Robert p v t 217 N. 2nd St., Olean, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Joa, Christian p v t R. No. 1, Box 88, Rosco, Minn Battery E. 

Johansen, C. L p v t Fordensold, Minn Battery C. 

Johansen, Ingvarda . . Pvt 3904 Gold St., Omaha, Neb Battery F. 

Johns, Alfred A Cpl 296 Ravine Lane, Rochester, N. Y... Hdqrs. Co. 

Johnson, Claus ..Pvt R. R. 2, Madelia, Iowa Battery D. 

Johnson, Edward Pvt Park Ridge, N.J Hdqrs. Co. 

Johnson, Edward T. ..Pvt Buffalo St., Elkland, Pa Hdqrs. Co. 

Johnson, Edwin G. ..Pvt 8 Charles PI., Woodhaven, N. Y Battery D. 

Johnson, Elmer A. ..Sgt 1010 Haynes St., Ottumwa, Iowa. .. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Johnson, Gilbert A. ..Pvt Route No. 6, Atwater, Minn Battery F. 

Johnson, Harold L. ..Pvt Bonapart, Iowa Battery B. 

Johnson, Harry W. ..Pvt 2316 Monroe St., Minneapolis, Minn.Hdqrs. Co. 

Johnson, Joseph E. ..Sgt 52 Irving PI., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Johnson, W. C Pvt Audubon, Minn ..Battery E. 

Johnston, James J. ..Sgt 30 Greenwood Ave., Richmond Hill. 

N. Y Battery C. 

Jonas, James E Cpl 419 W. 129th St., N. Y. C, N. Y. . . . Battery D. 

Jones, Arthur T Sgt 625 W. 138th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Jones, Thomas H Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, Bonair, Iowa Battery A. 

Jorden, Frank R Pvt 114 Wayne St., Olean, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Jorschumb, Emil A. ..Pvt Dumont, Minn Battery E. 

Jung, Theo. A Sgt Fifth St., Bay Side, N. Y Battery A. 

Jurgensen, Harry ....Pvt 404 Woodbury St., Marshalltown, Ia.Battery B. 

Kaiser, Harry H. shoer ..Rolfe, Iowa Battery C. 

Kaiser, W. B Pvt Janesville, Minn Battery E. 

Kalf, Edward Pvt Wellsville, N. Y Battery D. 

Kalle, Lewis W Pvt R. F. D. 1, Box 26, Ebenezer, N. Y.. Battery A. 

Ramus, Louis Pvt 95 W. 119th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Kane, Hiram C Pvt General Delivery, Lackawanna, N. Y.Battery A. 

Kaplan, Phillip p vt 165 E. 89th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Kaplan, Samuel Pvt 3037 W. 23rd St., Brooklyn, N. Y. ...Battery E. 

Karlson, Wesley Sgt 20 W. 129th St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Karolowsky, Stanis ..Pvt 47 Beck St., Buffalo, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Karp, Joseph D Pvt 1520 Charlotte St., N. Y. C, N. Y.. .Battery A. 

Kassner, George Mech Locust Valley, L. I., N. Y Battery C. 

Kaula, Edgar T Sgt 38 Richdale Ave., Boston, Mass Battery E. 

Kavanagh, Michael ..Pvt 259 W. 45th St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Keane, George J Sgt 309 Grant Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Keenan, George E. ..Sgt Lindley, N. Y Battery C. 

Kegley, Robert R Pvt General Delivery, McDough, Ark. ... Battery B. 

277 



Keller, G. G., Jr Cpl 211 and Ave., N. Pelham, N. Y Battery A. 

Keller, Henry F Pvt 32 Western Ave., Elmhurst, N. Y... Battery D. 

Kelly, Bernard F Wag 116 N. 2nd St., Olean, N. Y Supply Co. 

Kelly, James Pvt 566 Amsterdam Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Kelly, John D Pvt 925 8th Ave,, N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Kelly, Martin Pvt 4 Brown Place, Maspeth, N. Y Battery E. 

Kelly, Thomas Pvt 96 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Kennedy, Bernard F. . Pvt 443 10th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Kennedy, Joseph Pvt 300 W. 141st St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Hdqrs. Co. 

Kennedy, M.J Pvt •. 157 Albany Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Kennedy, Theo ,. . Sgt 140 East End Ave., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Kenning, Bert H Pvt Manson, Iowa Battery C. 

Kewney, John P Cpl 217 McCrea St., Indianapolis, Ind... Hdqrs. Co. 

Kielty, Thomas Cpl 234 Bradhurst Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.. Battery C. 

Kiely, Thomas J Bug 237 E. 87th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Kiernan, F. G Pvt 1644 E. 21st St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Kiernan, Thomas Pvt 2266 Amsterdam Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.Battery E. 

Kiernan, Joseph J Pvt 48 Charlton St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Kilburn, Cecil E Pvt Dellevan, N. Y Battery A. 

Killen, John R Pvt Fillmore, Mo Battery B. 

Kilroy, E. L Pvt 209 Sterling PL, Brooklyn, N. Y.... Hdqrs. Co. 

Kimble, Leslie D 3d CI. -Mu.. Painted Post, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Kimball, Alson D Sgt 86 4th St., Garden City, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

King, Fred J Pvt 42 Park Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

King, Henry D Pvt Gouvick, Minn Battery B. 

Kingsland, Edwin Pvt 157 W. 98th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Kingsley, William J. .Wag 253 Clinton St., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Kingston, George S. . . Pvt 272 W. 94th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Kinnonen, Alek ......Pvt 561 1 Albany Ave., Station B, South 

Superior, Wis Battery E. 

Kittleman, Fred. Bug 1115 W. Sullivan St., Olean, N. Y.. .Battery F. 

Klan, William J Cpl 46 6th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y ...Battery F. 

Klein, George Pvt 48 Olcott PI., Pine Hill, Buffalo, N.Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

Kleinhaus, Arnold Sgt 1472 Madison Ave., N. Y. C Medical 

Klesmer, Irving Pvt 746 Driggs Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Klinger, Leon Pvt 438 W. 123rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Battery C. 

Klink, Edward Pvt Ebenezer, N. Y Battery B. 

Kluczynski, Wm. H. ..Pvt 72 Clark St., Buffalo, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Klyne, Robert R Pvt 211 N. i3th St., Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Knappen, John E Pvt Dale, Minn Battery C. 

Kneer, Harry Pvt 371 Amsterdam Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

Knox, Clayton Y Cpl Painted Post, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Koclanis, George Pvt 120 W. Grand Ave., Chicago, 111 Battery F. 

Koelfgen, John Cpl 2319 Madison St., N. E., Minneapolis, 

Minn Battery A. 

Koen, William H Cpl 254 Atlantic .Av., E. Rockaway, N. Y.Battery D. 

Koster, C. H p vt Paullino, Iowa Battery E. 

Kofrom, E. F Cpl Garner, Iowa •• : ; Battery E. 

278 



Kohnen, Franklin M. . Pvt Lock Box 24, Blaisdell, N. Y Battery A. 

Kominsky, Irving Cpl 387 S. 4th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Kory, Louis Pvt 2125 67th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Kosky, Raymond Sgt 25 Croton Terrace, Yonkers, N. Y.. Battery F. 

Kosmider, Frank J. ..Cpl 207 27th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Kotrba, Walter Cpl 420 E. 73rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Kouw, John Pvt 21 Pine St., Zeeland, Mich Battery D. 

Krajewski, Frank J. ..Pvt 165 Bright St., Forks, N. Y Battery A. 

Krajewski, Stanley F. .Pvt 944 Farrington Ave., St. Paul, Minn.. Battery E. 

Krakat, Charles Pvt 1018 River St., Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Kras, Thomas 2d CI. MU..2245 Hughes Ave., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Krauss, William Sgt 168 Himrod St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Kremler, Alfred L. ..Pvt 369 Sumpter St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Battery C. 

Krepps, Henry Pvt Machias, N. Y Battery C. 

Kreter, Charles F. .....Sgt 167 E. ooth St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Kroeger, John W Sgt 115 Maurice Ave., Elmhurst, L. I., 

N. Y Battery E. 

Kroeger, Walter H. ..Pvt 75 Lynch St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Kucharski, Walter ....Cook 867 52nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Kuhl, Arbie H Pvt Hardman, W. Va Medical 

Kuehmel, Otto Pvt Battery C. 

Kulstad, J. M Pvt Halsted, Minn Battery E. 

Kumpa, Phillip J Pvt 416 E. 88th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Kundin, Irving Bug 887 Longwood Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.. Battery C. 

Kurzman, Abraham ..Pvt 2180 Madison Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Kvalheim,R.O Pvt Ortonville, Minn Battery D. 

La Count, Louis Pvt Highlander, Minn Battery B. 

Lafava, Fred Pvt Bandette. Minn ...Battery F. 

Lafleur, Napoleon A. ..Pvt Chapin Ave., Chicopee, Mass Battery D. 

Laine, John J Sgt 1090 St. Nicholas Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Lajambe, Norman Pvt Toppinish, Wash Battery C. 

Lalicker, Verne P Pvt Ipava, 111 Battery A. 

Lambe, Joseph Cpl 262 W. 153rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Lambert, Robert H. ..Sgt 100 Douglass St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Battery B. 

Lammers, George Pvt 463 W. 46th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Lampley, Herman ....Pvt 920 Scovel St., Nashville, Tenn Battery E. 

Lanieski, Alexander ..Pvt New Hyde Park, L. I., N. Y Battery B. 

Lazarone, Ignacius H. .Pvt 60 Jefferson St., Brooklyn Battery D. 

La Rosa, Augustina ..Cook 109 Pearl St., Portchester, N. Y Battery E. 

Larson, Arthur E Pvt R. R. No. 2, Long Prairie, Minn Battery A. 

Larson, Charles A. ..Pvt 2676 Zullette Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Larson, John Pvt 2219 Central Ave., Minneapolis, Min.Supply Co. 

Latta, Raymond S. ..Pvt 1 119 Parker St., McKeesport, Pa Hdqrs. Co. 

Lattimer, J. M Sgt 691 9th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Laudiero, Nicholas ..Pvt 34 Vermilyea Ave., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Lauri, Francesco ....Pvt 647 First Ave., West Haven, Conn.. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Law, Edmund W Pvt 335 E. 88th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

279 



Lawler, Michael J Pvt 920 Homer St., dean, N. Y Battery F. 

Leach, Roy E Pvt Glydon, Minn Battery C. 

Leahy, Patrick J., Jr. . . Cpl Ordnance 

Lease, Earl R Pvt 834 Washington St., Reading, Pa.. . .Battery A. 

Leavenworth, Louis ..Pvt 11312 Anthrope Ave., Richmond Hill, 

L. I., N. Y Battery E. 

Lebert, Euclid Pvt 139 Liberty St., N. Adams, Mass. . . . Battery D. 

Lecce, Pellegrino 1st CI. MU..2278 First Ave., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Lechner, Harry C. Pvt 449 E. 58th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Lee, Herbert F Cpl 124 Lynch St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Lehtinen, William Pvt 238 Irving Ave., N. Minneapolis, Min.Battery A. 

Leken, Mike Pvt St Paul, Minn Battery C. 

Lemaire, William Cpl 79 Drew Ave., Union Course, L. I., 

N. Y Battery C. 

Lemmermeyer, M., Jr.. Cpl 241 61st St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Lemmon, Albert K...Pvt 738 E. 20th St., Pittsburg, Kan Battery B. 

Lemon, Fred Pvt R. F. D. Route No. 1, Allegany, N. Y.Battery F. 

Lendzun, John Pvt 360 3rd Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Lennon, Ralph A Pvt Genesee St., New Briton, N. Y Battery E. 

Lentz, Phillip 3d CI. MU..774 Sackman St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Hdqrs. Co. 

Leonard, Fred L Pvt 614 Homer St., Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Leonard, Walter L. ..Pvt 114 Macon St., Brooklyn, N. Y -Hdqrs. 'Co. 

L'Etoile, Joseph O. ..Cpl 66 Belmont Ave., Winchendon, Mass. Battery F. 

Leudesdorff, J. O Pvt 59 Palmetto St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Leva, Salvatore Pvt 730 Light St., Baltimore, Md Battery F. 

Leverentz, John F. ..Pvt Spring Brook, N. Y Battery A. 

Levine, Arthur Pvt 1429 5th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Levine, Isidor Pvt 144 E. Broadway, N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Levine, Stephen J Cpl 2872 Bailey Ave., Kingsbridge, N. Y.Battery D. 

Levinson, David D. . . Ord. Sgt. . . Ordnance 

Levison, Herbert S Cpl 436 Greene Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Levison, Irving p v t 307 E. 89th St, N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Lincoln, Fred C Pvt Prescott, Mass Battery D. 

Lindgren, Ansel Pvt Leonard, Minn Battery C. 

Lindgren, Edwin A. ..Pvt Madrid, Iowa Battery D. 

Linsley, Manley A. ..Pvt. Mt Auburn,. Iowa Battery C. 

Lipsky, Sam Pvt 167 Ridge St, N. Y. G, N. Y. . ../.Supply Co. 

Livingston, Benjamin .Cpl 550 W. 180th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Lobozzito, Antonio ..Pvt Terry, Mont Battery A. 

Loeffler, John Pvt. .......258 Steinway Ave., Astoria, N. Y... Battery E. 

Logan, Russell A'. Pvt 1125 S. Clinton St., Trenton, N. J.... Medical 

Lohrer, Henry Pvt Ordnance 

Lokay, Henry E Pvt Jericho, N. Y Battery F. 

Long, Raymond R. ..Pvt 160 Pine Ridge Rd., Cheektowago, 

N. Y. Medical 

Lorenz, Keith Ord. Sgt. . . Ordnance 

Lorenzen, Herman W. .Pvt Lake Benton, Minn Battery C. 

Loving, Frank B., Jr. . Sgt Oyster Bay, N. Y Battery B. 

280 



Lowell, John B Sgt 599 7th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Lowery, John F Wag 159 W. 99th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Luckey, Robert J Pvt 946 Lorimer St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Ludlow, Raplh J Pvt Ripley. N. Y Battery A. 

Ludwig, Oscar Mech 54 Howard St.. Mt. Vernon, N. Y... Supply Co. 

Lueders, George H. ..Pvt Ottertail, Minn Battery A. 

Lufburrow, Albert J... Pvt 148 W. 64th St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Hdqrs. Co. 

Lund, Clair M -Pvt Harmony, Minn Battery A. 

Lunde. John Pvt 227 2nd Ave., N. Crookstone, Minn.. Battery A. 

Lutz, Julius Sgt 639 10th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Lynch, James F Pvt Havanna, N. D Battery A. 

Lynch, Joseph P Pvt 806 Caton Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Lynn, John J Pvt Supply Co. 

Lyon, Harold J Pvt 215 Flower Ave., E. Watertown, N.Y.Battery F. 

Lyons, Burton A Pvt 638 W. 151st St., N. Y. C, N. Y.... Battery D. 

Lyons, Samuel Pvt 1644 Fulton St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

McAuliffe, Joseph Pvt 117 4th Ave. N.. S. St. Paul. Minn.. . Battery C. 

McBride, William E. .Pvt 35 Martin St., Wellesville, N. Y Battery D. 

McBurney, James G. ..Sgt 227 W. 145th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

McCabe, Terrence H. . Pvt Route No. 1, Cresco, Iowa Battery F. 

McCahill, Geo. Burnst .Pvt 16 St. Mark's Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery D. 

McCarren, James E. ..Pvt 75 "E. 85th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battety B. 

McCarthy, John P. ..Pvt Glen Cove. L. I., N. Y Battery B. 

McCarville, Joseph P. .Pvt Cresco. Iowa Battery D. 

McCollum, Leon F. ..Pvt 3312 Hennekin Ave., S. Minneapolis.Battery A. 

Minn 

McConville, John H. ..Pvt 718 Westchester Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y. Battery C. 

McCormack, H. F Pvt 251 Harrison St.. Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery B. 

McCourt, Andrew H. .Pvt Orchard Park, N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

McCracken, James A. . Pvt Hamburg. Iowa Battery C. 

McCracken, Wm. J. ..Sgt 491 W. 130th St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

McCully, J. A Pvt R. F. D. 1, Elen, Minn Battery E. 

McCue, W. J. F Sgt 446 E. 139th St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

McDermott, Chas. J. ..Sgt 207 Eckfort St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

McDevitt, Earl H Pvt Blasdell. N. Y Battery D. 

McDonnel, George C. .Pvt R. F. D. 1, Box 58, Ayrshire, Iowa .. Battery A. 

McDonald, James N. .Pvt 2508 Christian St., Philadelphia. Pa.. Battery B. 

McDonald, Leland A. .Saddler ...R. F. D. No. 1, Mankato, Minn Battery F. 

McDonough, A. J Pvt 426 W. 144th St.. N. Y. C, N. Y.... Medical 

McDonough, Harry ..Cpl 426 W. 144th St.. N. Y. C, N. Y.... Battery D. 

McEntee, Charles F...Sgt 133 W. 128th St., N. Y. C. N. Y.... Battery A. 

McFadden. Barth A... Pvt 333 Manhattan Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.Battery D. 

McGinnis, John M Pvt Caledonia. Minn Battery A. 

McGlynn, Peter .. Pvt 1301 Jackson Blvd., Chicago, 111 Battery B. 

McGovern, Thos. J., Jr. Pvt 1492 University Ave.. N. Y. C, N. Y.Battery C. 

McGowan, John J Cpl 392 Henry St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

McGrady, John F Pvt 24 E. 92nd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

28l 



McGrath, Roger F.. . . Pvt 904 6th Ave., N..Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

McGraw, Francis A. . . Cpl Lima, N. Y Battery F. 

McGuire, James A Pvt 1510 5th St., S. E., Minneapolis, Min. Battery E. 

McHugh, Patrick Pvt 349 Marion St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

McHugh, Peter Cook 418 W. 57th St., N. Y. C„ N. Y Battery E. 

McKewen, William D..Sgt 2029 3rd Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

McKinney, Emerson C.Pvt 16 Westview St., Philadelphia, Pa. ..Medical 

McLain, William J.... Pvt. .." 533 W. 52nd St., N. Y C, N. Y Battery C. 

McManus, James T Pvt Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

McManus, Walter J... Pvt 71 Horatia St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

McNally, . Walter A.... Pvt 288 Sackett St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

McNeil, Carl H Pvt Naples, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

McNulty, John J Pvt 1991 Wnd Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Machby, Herman Pvt 518 W. 151st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Mack, Christa H Pvt Franklinsville, N. Y Battery C. 

Mack, Dorr J Pvt 1440 Highland Park Ave., Rochester, 

N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Mackin, James J Pvt 509 Grand St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery E. 

Maclean, William H.. . Sgt 431 W. 156th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Medical 

Madden, William J Pvt. ....:... 62 Carpenter Ave., Lynbrook, N. Y. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Maddock, Augustine. . Pvt 200 Willoughby St., Brooklyn, N. Y. . Battery C. 

Macri, Joseph Pvt Malcher, Iowa Battery E. 

Madson, Manley Pvt Halsted, Minn Battery E. 

Magers, Frank J Pvt 1833 Hillside Ave., Ft. Wayne, Ind.. Medical 

Maggi, Ferdinando . . . 1st CI. MU..1512 57th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Madigson, Robert Pvt 1691 Madison Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y., 

% Goldman Battery F. 

Maher, Martin J Pvt 459 W. 125th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Maher, Paul P Pvt 267 W. 15th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Mahony, Frank D Pvt 643Walker Ave., Woodhaven, N. Y.. Battery A. 

Maisco, Louis Pvt 354 Graham Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y... Battery C. 

Maixner, Richard Cpl 337 E. 88th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Malak, Frank Sgt 1463 1 Elm Ave., E. Cleveland, Ohio. Battery B. 

Malango, Salvatore . . . Pvt 1039 2nd Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Maletta, Joseph G Pvt Lock Box 35, McKinley, Minn Battery A. 

Malm, Carl V Pvt Battery F. 

Malone, James A Pvt 1925 2nd Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Maltz, Henry A Pvt 934 Barretto St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Maine, James F Pvt 1 144 Wilkus Ave., N. Braddock, Pa.. Battery F. 

Mancinelli, James Pvt 31 Oliver St., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Manderson, Raymond. Sgt 403 W. 21st St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Manes, Harry Pvt 441 E. 187th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Mann, Henry Pvt 403 E. 88th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Mannes, Edward Pvt 232 W. 114th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Mannes, Joseph A Sgt 34 Convent Ave,, N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Mannix, Edwin T. ...Pvt % Mrs. Wm. Donovan, Hartland, 

Wis Battery A. 

Manthe, Clarence S Pvt Montana Ave., St. Paul, Minn Battery A. 

282 



Manzo, Rocco Pvt 47 Perry St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Marcella, James Pvt 77 l /2 Newtown Ave., Astoria, L. I., 

N. Y Battery F. 

Marion, Joseph F Pvt 157 9th Ave., L. I. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Marion, William Pvt 306 7th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Marmer, Jack E Pvt 19 E. 101st St., N. Y. C, N. Y Medical 

Maroney, Thomas Pvt 506 n th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Marsh, Charles N Pvt Route No. 1, Cuba, N. Y Battery D. 

Marshall, Charles .... Cpl Shoreham, L. I., N. Y Battery F. 

Marshall, Louis Pvt Cedar Falls, Iowa Battery C. 

Marshall, Thomas S...Pvt Blasdell, N. Y Battery D. 

Martin, Andrew J Pvt 527 E. 82nd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Martin, Frederick Pvt 335 State St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Martin, G. F Cpl 920 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery A. 

Martin, John Pvt 209 12th Ave., S. Minneapolis, Minn. Battery F. 

Martinelli, Michael ...Pvt 76 Wyona St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Martino, Cosimo Pvt 2919 8th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Martinsen, George . . . Pvt 1669 St. Anthony Ave., St. Paul, Min. Battery A. 

Martz, Charles R Cpl 112 Ave I, Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Marxmeye/, W. V Cpl 499 W. 158th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Mason, Robert H Pvt Woodhull, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Mathew, Walter G....Pvt Cox's Mills, W. Va Medical 

Matistos, Gerossimo. . Cook 787 7th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Supply Co. 

Matter, W. C, Jr Pvt 3108 E. 37th St., Minneapolis, Minn.. Battery F. 

Mattila Hilmar Pvt Sepeka, Minn ' Battery C. 

Maulick, Charles O.. . . Cook 432 W. 124th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Mayer, Joseph J Sgt 197 Lathrop St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery D. 

Mead, W. C Pvt 166 W. Main St., Tarrytown, N. Y.. .Battery B. 

Means, Alen. H Sgt 4718 Sheridan Road, Chicago, 111 — Hdqrs. Co. 

Meara, Chas. E Sgt 79 Montgomery St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Meeham, John Pvt 2918 Heath Ave., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Meier, H. G Cook 458 62nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Meinken, August C Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Aurora, Iowa Battery E. 

Meisel, Harry Sgt 208 Stanton St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Melbye, Paul H Pvt Hitterdale. Minn Battery C. 

Meldrum, C. C Sgt. Maj. ..340 Madison St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Hdqrs. Co. 

Melrose, Carl A Pvt Portville, N. Y Battery F. 

Mendel, William Pvt 453 4th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Menger, G. R Cpl 242 Sumpter St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Battery F. 

Merrill, Fred C Bug Collins, Erie Co., N. Y Battery B. 

Merriman, Tony Sgt 1947 Hodemont, St. Louis, Mo Hdqrs. Co. 

Merritt, Walter A Pvt m N. 7th St., Marshalltown, Iowa. .Battery A. 

Meyers, Lawrence A. ..Pvt 127 N. Crawford St., Carroll, Iowa. Battery A. 

Middlebrook, G. A.... Pvt Battery F. 

Michael, E. W., Jr.. ..Pvt 518 15th St., College Point, N. Y.... Battery C. 

Mieras, W. L Pvt Mourice, Iowa Battery E. 

Migneult, Philias ....Pvt 97 Madison St., Worcester, Mdss Hdqrs. Co. 

Millar, Michael W....Pvt 445 E. 88th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

283 



Miller, Clarence A Pvt 3229 Bloomington Ave., S. Minneapo- 
lis, Minn Battery A. 

Miller, George J Pvt 15 Park Row, N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Miller, Harry Pvt Ordnance 

Miller, Henry L Cpl 105 W. 77th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Miller, M. J Pvt Dubuque, Iowa Battery E. 

Miller, Nathan Sgt 883 Longwood Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.. Battery E. 

Milleville, Paul W Pvt Holland, Erie Co., N. Y Battery B. 

Millholen, Arthur Pvt Machias, N. Y Battery C. 

Minken, Noah Pvt 783 Quincy St., N. Y. C Medical 

Minogue, Henry Pvt 458 De Kalb Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. . . Battery A. 

Mirabella, Mike Pvt Worcester, Mass Battery A. 

Miron, Joseph I Pvt 1555 Greene Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y... Hdqrs. Co. 

Mischle, Joseph, Jr.. . . Pvt 222 Ellery St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Mitarotonda. F Pvt 345 E. I73rd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Mitchell, Robert G....Pvt 431 W. 30th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Mobeck, Reyland L. . . Pvt North Branch, Minn Battery C. 

Moclair, Michael Pvt 213 E. 57th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Moelle, Albert C Pvt 308 E. oth S., Salt Lake City, Utah. .Battery D. 

Moller, Edward J H-Sgt 123 Cornelia St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Battery C. 

Monaco, Giuseppa ....Pvt 411 W. 42nd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

Moncado, Frank V. . . . Pvt 16S W. 225th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Mongelluzzi, Antonio. Pvt 832 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery A. 

Montes, Frederico . . . H. shoer. . . Silver City, New Mexico Battery B. 

Moon, Sanford 'D Pvt Tracy, Minn Battery C. 

Moon, Walter A Wag R. F. D. No. 4, Lomoni, Iowa .' Supply Co. 

Moore, Harry J Pvt 434 E. 89th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Moore, William J Pvt Perkins, W. Va Medical 

Moran, Michael Cpl Waldon, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Moran, William H.... 3 d CI. Mu.. Mill River Rd., Oyster Bay, N. Y.. . .Hdqrs. Co. 

Morawski, Joseph ....Pvt Lewiston, Maine Battery A. 

Morgan, Thomas C....Sgt 1173 Bushwick Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.Battery C. 

Morrison, William . . . Cpl 3803 8th St., Des Moines, Iowa Battery C. 

Momssey, David F...Cpl 553 Clinton St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Mornssey, Patsey ....Pvt 623 Bank St., Keokuk, Iowa Battery E. 

Moserwitz, Nathan . . . Pvt 60 Montgomery St., N.Y ■ Battery F. 

Moskowitz, Julius ....Pvt 5 Ten Eyck St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Mott, Harry F. S Cpl 985 Decatur St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Moynihan, Timothy ..Pvt 2658 8th Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Muehlethader, Chas. ..Pvt 155 Illinois St., Huron, So. Dak Battery E. 

Muethethaler. Wm. . . Wag Rock Valley, Iowa Supply Co. 

Muessigman, John ...Pvt Iowa Falls, Iowa Battery C. 

Muir, Isaac L p v t 2927 14th Ave., S. Minneapolis, Minn.Batterv A. 

Muir, John J p vt 129 E. S.th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Mulhaul, Frank Pvt 130 Ainslee St., Brooklyn, N.Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Mullholland, Jas. B....Pvt 219 E. 37th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Mullane, Daniel • Pvt 1629 Lexington Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.Supply Co. 

Mullane, John p vt ^29 Lexington Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.Battery C. 

284 



Mullen, John Pvt 184 West End Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Munday, Thomas E.. . Sgt 362 nth St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Munster, Charles H...Sgt 23029th St., Buckhurst, L. I Battery B. 

Murphy, A. V Cpl 100 Morningside Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.Battery D. 

Murphy, John P Pvt 921 Stuhoff Ave., Richmond Hill, 

N. Y Medical 

Murphy, P. F Cook 1420 Vyse Ave., N. Y. C, X. Y Battery F. 

Murphy, Peter J Pvt 525 W. 47th St., X. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Murray, John A Cpl Battery D. 

Murray, Michael Pvt 416 W. 57th St., X. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Murray, Paul Pvt 521 W. 156th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Murray, William D Pvt Box 746, Stafford Springs, Conn Battery A. 

Murtha, John J Pvt 160 Jefferson Ave., Brooklyn, X. Y.. . Hdqrs. Co. 

Murtha, Thomas Cook 461 W. 159th St., X. Y. C, X. Y Battery B. 

Myers, Guy C Pvt Marilla, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Myrick, Clair Pvt fschua, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Nagel, Samuel Cpl 910 Riverside Drive, X. Y. C, X. Y.. Battery C. 

Xaughton, Patrick J. .. Sgt Battery C. 

Xealon, Thos. P Pvt 77 N. Henry St., Brooklyn, X. Y.... Battery B. 

Xeander, Eddie R Pvt Route 2, Harris, Minn Battery F. 

Xeischloss, Louis 3d CI. M11..1724 Park Place, Brooklyn, X. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Xelson, Andrew Pvt 389 Clinton St., Brooklyn, X. Y Battery D. 

Xelson, Arthur H Sgt 1241 Madison St., Eau Clair, Wis HdqrsT Co. 

Xelson, Carl G Pvt Cambridge, Minn Battery B. 

Xelson, Otto L Pvt Baronet, Wis Battery D. 

Xelson, Robert E Cpl 146 Willis Ave., X. Y. C, X. Y Battery D. 

Xelson, Thorwald ....Pvt R. F. D. 3, Boone, Iowa Battery E. 

Xelson, William P Pvt Plainsview, Minn Battery B. 

Xewbert, Paul R Pvt 513 Dewey Place, Seattle, Wash Battery E. 

Xewgard, Eddie Pvt Bock, Minn Battery F. 

Xewkirk, Raymond ...Pvt Mayfair, Morris Plains, X. J Medical 

Xeuman, Frank Pvt East Eden, X. Y Medical 

Newman, Harold Pvt 1043 Tiffany St., Bronx, X. Y Battery E. 

Newman, Joseph F....Pvt 4422 Park Ave., X. Y. C, X. Y Battery D. 

Newman, John M Pvt 12 Short St., Buffalo, X. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Xichols, Ernest F Pvt R. F. D. Xo. 3, Chatfield, Minn Battery B. 

Xicolo, John Pvt 357 Barley St., Brooklyn, X. Y Battery B. 

Xihan, Joseph Pvt 734 Columbia Rd., Boston, Mass Battery D. 

Niosi, Joseph J Mch 417 E. 14th St., N. Y. C, X. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Xissen, Arthur Pvt R. D. Xo. 2, Tyler, Minn Battery C. 

Xoble, Luie T Pvt 421 X. 9th St., Olean, X. Y Battery F. 

Xolan, Daniel J Cpl Hotel McAlpin, X. Y. C Battery F. 

Xolen, James B Wag 61 E. 122nd St., X. Y. C, X. Y Supply Co. 

Xolan, T. J Pvt Waukon, Iowa Battery E. 

Xoonan, William J... .Wag 5920 5th Ave., Brooklyn, X. Y Supply Co. 

Xorberg, Eric Pvt Blacon, X. D Battery B. 

Norcyk, Frank Pvt 9 Harrison Ave., E. Hampton, Mass. . Hdqrs. Co. 

285 



Nord, Herbert W Pvt Grandy, Minn Battery C. 

Nordsveen, Thorvald .Pvt Route No. 6, Box 114, Decorah, la... Battery A. 

Norman, Isaac Pvt 2401 S. Elliot St., Minenapolis, Minn. Battery F. 

Norris, Leslie M Pvt % Otter Tail Co., Perham, Minn Battery A. 

Northcote, Wm. H....Cpl 1502 W. State St., Olean, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Northrop, Grover H...Pvt Prattsburg, N. Y Supply Co. 

Nostrand, George J...Cpl 335 Clinton Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y... Battery C. 

Notardonato, James ..Pvt 632 S. May St., Chicago, 111 Battery A. 

Noxon, Mitchell .... Cpl 83 Northern Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y. . . . Battery D. 

Oberg, ThorstonO.H..Pvt 235- E. 48th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

O'Boyle, Timothy L.. . Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Vail, Iowa Battery E. 

O'Brien, Francis Pvt 318 E. 58th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

O'Brien, Harry Pvt 173 Bay 13th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

O'Brien, Osmund Pvt Tignish, Prince Edward Isl., Can.. . .Battery D. 

O'Connor, Thomas V.. Pvt Bondsville, Mass Supply Co. 

Offenberger, George .. Sgt 444 E. 88th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

Ofstad, Gile A Pvt Florence, Minn Battery C. 

Ogle, Roy Pvt 125 12th Ave., East Albie, Iowa Battery F. 

Oglesby, Andrew K...Cpl 214 Leeds Ave., Indianapolis, Ind.. . Battery D. 

O'Grady, James Pvt 166 E. 104th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

O'Grady, Patrick 3d CI. MU..128 Penn St., Brooklyn, N. Y -.Hdqrs. Co. 

O'Hare, John H Pvt 288 E. 155th St., Bronx, N. Y Battery C. 

O'Keefe, David A. . . . Pvt 175 E. 102nd St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery B. 

O'Keefe, James Cpl 47 India St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Oldham, Walter Pvt Northwood, Iowa Battery E. 

Olive, Sam F Pvt Jamestown, N. D Battery F. 

Olsen, Alfred L Pvt 741 Fairmount PI., N. Y. C, N. Y... Battery C. 

Olsen, Charles O Pvt 1217 Sixth St., N. Minneapolis, Minn.Battery A. 

Olson, Eric Pvt Williams, Minn Battery C. 

Olson, F. H Pvt Garfield, Minn Battery E. 

Olson, Fred Nelse. . . .Cook Roosevelt, Minn Battery A. 

Olson, John Pvt Washkish, Minn Battery F. 

Olson, J. A Pvt Haifa, Iowa Battery E. 

Olson, John O Pvt 4340 nth Ave., S. Minneapolis, Minn.Battery F. 

Olson, Ole Pvt Lancaster, Minn Battery F. 

Olsson, Theodore Pvt 21 14 Daily Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Opitz, Julius Pvt 522 E. 74th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

O'Regan, J. F., Jr Cpl 1579 E. 18th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

O'Reilly, James Pvt 590 Court St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Ormestad, Ole Pvt Northwood, Iowa Battery E. 

Osborne, Frank W.. . . Pvt 102 W. 89th St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Ostermann, Wm., Jr.. . Sgt 527 W. 152nd St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Ostertag, Paul R Pvt 155 Edgecomb Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y.. Battery D. 

Ostrom, Olof B Pvt R. No. 1, Isanti, Minn Battery D. 

Ott, Frederick A Pvt 23 North Henry St.. N. Y. C Battery B. 

Otto, Raymond G Pvt 416 E. 8th St., Muscatine, Iowa Battery D. 

Ovens, Thomas E Pvt E. Selkirk, Manitoba, Canada Battery A. 

286 



Paganelli, Charles V...Pvt 26 Carmine, N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Page, Edgar W Sgt 131 Cambridge PI., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery E. 

Pagel, George C Pvt Mineral Spring Road, Gardenville, 

N. Y Supply Co. 

Palmerton, Merrill J. . . Pvt Collins Center, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Palmer, Garner D Sgt 1309 Ocean Ave., Spring Lake, N. J.. Hdqrs. Co. 

Panfil, John J Pvt 155 Bright St., Forks, Erie Co., N. Y. Battery D. 

Paoli, Andrew Pvt 235 W. 6;th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery A. 

Parchman, Charley R.Pvt Crisco, Iowa Battery C. 

Parente, John J Cpl 1125 4th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Paret, Stephen G Cpl 358 Wadsworth Ave., N. Y. C, N. Y. Battery E. 

Parisi, Louis Cpl 433 N. Terrace Ave., Mt. Vernon, 

N. Y Supply Co. 

Parkhurst, Lewis B....Pvt 19 Ohio Ave., Lawrence, Mass Battery A. 

Parma, Charles J Pvt 7104 14th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Parmentier, Marcel ..Cpl Marshall, Minn Battery F. 

Parsons, John B Pvt McClttskey, No. Dak Battery D. 

Patterson, William . . . Pvt 594 E. 5th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Paturzo, Anthony Pvt 2917 Ft. Hamilton Ave., Bklyn., N. Y. Battery F. 

Paul, Frederick J Sgt Farnham, N. Y Battery F. 

Paul, Herbert S Pvt Commercial St., Farnham, Erie Co., Battery B. 

N. Y Battery B. 

Pease, Homer H Pvt Dayton, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Pelky, Edward Pvt 2891 W. Huron St., Duluth, Minn.. . Battery C. 

Pelton, Charles L Pvt Waterford, Conn Battery A. 

Peluso, Fred H. shoer ..89 Nelson St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Pember, A. O Sgt 1537 E. 19th St.. Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Peppard. Luke J Pvt 76 Underhill Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. . Battery B. 

Perkins, Geo. W., Jr. ..Sgt Riverdale-on-Hudson, N. Y Supply Co. 

Pcssalano. Miclael ....Pvt 114 Wilcox St., Springfield, Mass — Battery D. 

Petchle. Claude B. ...Pvt .52 Clarkson St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Peterson, A Pvt. R. 2. YVaverly. Minn Battery E. 

Peterson, Albion Pvt 200 Cambridge St., Boston, Mass Battery D. 

Peterson, Clarence E..Pvt Slayton, Minn Battery B. 

Peterson, Emery' G....Pvt 125 Fairview St., New Britain, Conn. Hdqrs. Co. 

Peterson, Ernest E. . . . Mech 2213 7th St., S. Minneapolis, Minn.. .Battery F. 

Peterson, Henry C Pvt Angola, N. Y Battery D. 

Peterson, Martin B Pvt Minneapolis, Minn Battery F. 

Peterson, Oscar W Pvt Alvarado, Minn Battery A. 

Peterson, Peter Pvt R. No. 6, Decorah, Iowa Battery B. 

Petersen, Vigo Pvt Avoca, Minn Battery B. 

Petheran, George Sgt 356 W. 49th St.. N. Y. C Battery A. 

Petri, George Pvt S06 Clinton, Buffalo, N. Y Battery E. 

Pettes, Frank A Pvt 225 Main St., Springfield, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Pfaff, Wm. F., Jr Pvt 18 Grove St., Stapleton, S. I Battery D. 

Phillipps, Leo R Cook 76 Commonwealth Ave., Springfield, 

Mass Hdqrs. Co. 

Philpot, Daniel Ch. Mech... 414 E. 135th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery D. 

287 



Phinney, Wm. H Pvt R. F. D. No. i , Delevan, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Piantoni, Battist Pvt Turtle Creek, Pa Battery C. 

Pidone, John Cook 437 E 12th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery F. 

Pierce, Martin F Pvt 339 E. 10th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Battery C. 

Pierson, Henry Pvt 130 E. 19th St., N. Y. C, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Pierson, Owen C Pvt Mankato, Minn Battery C. 

Piovesano, Joseph Pvt 2330 Belmont Ave., Bronx, N. Y Battery E. 

Poer, Frank J Pvt 131 Highland Blvd., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery A. 

Pohler, Joseph F Pvt R. R. No. 3, Solon, Iowa Battery B. 

Polglase, A. T Sgt 231 73rd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Pons, Claude A Sgt 119 W. 107th St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Potter, C.J Cpl Hillsdale, N. J Battery E. 

Powers, James F Pvt 571 9th Ave., L. I. C, N Y Battery F. 

Poynton, Edward J Sgt. Maj. . .57 Wayne St., Jersey City, N. J Hdqrs. Co. 

Pratt, William G Pvt 309 Laurel Ave., Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Pressalsky, Harry ....3d CI. MU..353 E. Houston St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Price, Thomas H Mech 104 Union Ave., Mariners' Harbor, 

S. I., N. Y Battery D. 

Prine, Everett V Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, Carson, Iowa Battery E. 

Procopio, Francesco .. Pvt 40 Irving St., Winchester, Mass Battery D. 

Propp, Ellis Pvt 3681 Broadway, N. Y. C Battery D. 

Proto, William Pvt 10 Meeker Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Prior, Thomas W Pvt 59 Springville, N. Y Medical 

Puddicombe, Al. A.... Pvt 830 S. Steel St., Tacomah, Wash. ... Battery A. 

Pumilia, John Pvt 310 E. 29th St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Puszeski, Mike Pvt 635 Summer St.. Minn., Minn Battery B. 

Putnam, Wm. H., Jr... Pvt 2372 83rd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Quackenbush, Hy. H..Pvt 265A 17th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Quigley, Francis J Sgt 206 S. Clinton St., Olean, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Quimby, Howard L. . . Pvt South Acton, Mass Battery A. 

Quinn, Joseph H Cook 962 3rd Ave., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Quinn, Raymond J Cpl 97 Maplehill Ave., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Quirk, John J Pvt 129 E. 91st St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Quist, Elmer W Pvt Atwater, Minn Batf^ry B. 

Radner, Geo. N Pvt 42 Greenwood St., Springfield, Mass. Battery D. 

Radskin, Saul '.Pvt 69 W. 130th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Re, Carmello Pvt 177 E. 75th St.. N. Y. C Battery E. 

Reale, Edward Bug 636 Crescent Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Recker, Bernard H.. . . Pvt Dyersville, Iowa Battery F. 

Reed, Edward P Pvt Brewster, N. Y Battery B. 

Reed, F. M Pvt Russell, Iowa Battery E. 

Reed, Harry John Pvt 262 First St., Hoboken, N. J Battery C. 

Reed, Henry C Pvt Amenia, Union, NY Battery B. 

Reeves, Charles Pvt Mattituck, L. I., N. Y Battery F. 

Regan, Edwin A Sgt P. O. Box 542, City Hall Sta., N. Y. . Battery C. 

Regan, Patrick Jos.... Pvt Ordnance 

288 



Reha, Joseph Pvt Lake Wilson, Minn Battery E. 

Reichnau, Walter C.R.. Pvt Fredericksburg, Texas Battery A. 

Reid, Samuel A Pvt Onslow, Iowa Battery C. 

Reims, E. H., Jr Pvt 8104 Chechester Ave., L. I. C Battery E. 

Rekses, Sivert Pvt 1708 5th Ave. S., Minn., Minn Battery F. 

Renehan, Norman A.. . Pvt White River Junction, Vt Battery E. 

Restle, William A Sgt 24 Utica St., Clinton, N. Y Battery E. 

Reynold, H. J Pvt Tiffin, Iowa Battery E. 

Reynolds, John H Pvt Cameron Mills, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Rhodes, Fred A Pvt 19 S. Bridge St., Poughkeepsie, N. Y.Battery B. 

Ribando, Morris Pvt 325 E. 28th St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Riccardi, John Pvt 20022nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Rice, Lemuel C Pvt Slaton, Minn Battery C. 

Rich. John Sad 3247 Perry Ave., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Richards, Edward Cpl 2533 Amsterdam Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Riether, Otto Wag 1704 Second Ave., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Ringwelski, Vince Pvt Little Falls, Minn Battery F. 

Racchini, Tony Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Robins, H. C Pvt Storm Lake, la Battery E. 

Robinson, Leigh H Cpl 21 Hawthorne St., Perry, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Robinson, William R.Pvt 476 Main St., Poughkeepsie, N. Y... Medical 

Rocchi, Cesare "Pvt Box 127, Buhl, Minn Battery B. 

Rook, Hendrick Pvt Princeton, Minn Battgry E. 

Rock wood, William ..Pvt R. F. D., Lackawanna, N. Y Battery B. 

Roegan, Michael Cook 56 Beaver St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Roemer, William J.. . . Pvt 367 E. 234th St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Roffe, Charles F Pvt 38 W. Main St., Gowanda, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Rogers, Daniel Wag 303 E. 56th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Rogers, Neal Pvt 306 W. 18th St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Romaine, Chas. W Sgt 2248 E. 17th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Ronayne, Paul Jos Sgt 3440 Broadway, N. Y. C Battery D. 

Rooney, James Pvt 227 E. 46th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Rose, Geo. W Pvt Otto, N. Y Battery C. 

Rosebrock, John H....Pvt 1058 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Supply Co. 

Rosenzweig, Harry . . Pvt 226 E. 98th St., N. X- C Battery F. 

Rosner, Nathan Pvt 926 Union Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Roth, Chris Pvt Belden, Neb Battery D. 

Roth, Joseph Pvt Battery B. 

Roth, Henry Pvt 1238 57th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Rottenberg. Samuel ..Pvt 137 Division Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery E. 

Rousseau, Charles Cook 1434 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Hdqrs. Co. 

Rowan, Harold S Pvt 416 St. Nicholas Ave., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Rowan, Patrick J Pvt 63 W. 107th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Rowland, Claude A.... Pvt Delevan, N. Y Battery C. 

Rubino, Donato Pvt in Seventh Ave., Altoona, Pa Battery D. 

Ruby, Fred F Pvt 33 High St., Ft. Wadsworth, S. I., 

N. Y Medical 

Rucker, Clarence E...Cpl Blasdell, N. Y Battery D. 

289 



Rud, J. K Pvt Battery E. 

Ruffle, Harold Wag 290 Coney Isl. Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. . Supply Co. 

Ruggiero, Salvatore P.. Sgt 3636 Barnes Ave., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Rush, Charles Edgar. .Sgt Maine St., Wappinger Falls, N. Y... Supply Co. 

Russ, John W Pvt 338 E. 3rd St., Corning, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Russell, George Wag 383 Pearl St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Russell, J. F Pvt Box 216, Senath, Mo Supply Co. 

Russell, William E....Pvt Hecla St., Uxbridge, Mass Battery D. 

Rutz, J Pvt 101 W. 99th St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Ryan, Edward C Mech Box 137, Olean, N. Y Battery F. 

Ryder, Jason Alden...Sgt R. F. D. No. 2, Sardina, N. Y Battery B. 

Sagman, Ernest Pvt 1490 Brook Ave., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Salomon, Sidney Cpl 38 Union Square, N. Y. C Battery F. 

Samuelson, Einar ....Pvt ". ..Gardar, N. D Battery E. 

Samuelson, John F.. . . Pvt R. F. D. 3, Atwater, Minn Battery F. 

Sandberg, David E....Pvt 3006 Logan Ave., N. Minneapolis. 

Minn Battery B. 

Santini, Reynold Jos. . . Sgt 452 E. 149th St.,- N. Y. C Battery E. 

Sapir, Morris Pvt 74 Clinton PL, Jersey City, N. J Battery C. 

Sarno, Gregorius Pvt Lamartine Ave., Bayside, L. I Battery F. 

Sather, Peter E Pvt 118 N. 3rd St., E. Grand Forks, Minn. Battery A. 

Savage, Charley C Pvt 1436 Ida Ave., Wichita, Kan Battery B. 

Savage, Mark A Cpl Ordnance 

Schaefer, Frank A.... Sgt 345 E. 23rd St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Schaeff, George Pvt 588 E. 136th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Schapiro,' Henry Cpl 570 W. 161st St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Schatkowski, Henry . . Sgt 216 E. 81st St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Scheffel, Henry J Bug 1248 Hancock St., Brooklyn, N. Y... Battery C. 

Scheller, Fred Pvt 504 E. 7th St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Schenkman, Conrad ..Sgt 3609 Broadway, N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Schlosser, Fred'k. R...Cpl 116 Wildwood Ave., Buffalo, N. Y... Battery D. 

Schlow, M. S Pvt 66 41st St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Schmidlin, Jean B Wag 416 E. 65th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Schmunk, Fred P Pvt 1423 S. Main St., Crookston, Minn.. Battery A. 

Schnautz, John Wm.. . Pvt Hamburg, N. Y Supply Co. 

Schneider, Walter L.. . Pvt R. F. D. 1, Rib Lake, Wis Battery C. 

Schnoor, Louis F Sgt 1722 84th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Schoenberg, Jacob . . . Pvt 120 Avenue A, N. Y. C Battery E. 

Schreiner, Peter Pvt 331 E. 92nd St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Schroeder, W. J Pvt Schleswig, Iowa Battery E. 

Schrull, Rudolph Cook 54 S. Terrace Ave., Mt. Vernon, N. Y- Battery A. 

Schrumpf, Chas. C... . Pvt 430 E. 87th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Schwab, Philip Jacob. Cpl Holland Ave., Ebenezer, N. Y Battery D. 

Schwartz, Abraham. .. Pvt 251 Stanhope St., Brooklyn, N. Y... Hdqrs. Co. 

Schwartz, Gilbert Pvt 1933 Park PI., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Schwartz, Isidore Cook 475 Powell St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Schweickert, John F...Pvt 246 Ten Eyck St., Brooklyn, N. Y... Battery A. 

29O 



Schwehr, Wm Cpl 401 E. 81st St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Scott, Augustus C Pvt Battery B. 

Scott, A. L Pvt R. 3, Box 64, Mapleton, Iowa Battery E. 

Scott, George Cpl Gordon Cottage, Hawicka, Scotland. Hdqrs. Co. 

Scuderi, Edigio Pvt Roosevelt Ave., Jamaica, L. I., X. Y.. Battery E. 

Seaton, John F Pvt 248 Hancock St., L. I. C, X. Y Battery A. 

Segwalt, Daniel Pvt Holland, N, Y Battery E. 

Selby, Thomas Pvt R. F. D. 2, Blakeburg, Iowa Battery E. 

Sellman, Bernard J Pvt R. F. D. 1, Taylors Hall, Minn Battery F. 

Semmon, John B Pvt 125 E. 120th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Senecal, James N Sgt 607 Franklin St., Watertown, Pa.. .. Battery F. 

Shaw, Earl B Pvt 57 Jasper St., Saugua, Mass Medical 

Shea, Thomas Gerald. Pvt 133 Lawrence Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery D. 

Shea, William A Pvt Ordnance 

Sheeler, Harry G Pvt 208 St. Marks Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery F. 

Shoffner, Roy B Pvt 257 Montford Ave., Asheville, N. C. Battery B. 

Sheld, Louis Pvt 317 E. 54th St., New York City Battery A. 

Shelley, Geo., Jr Pvt 4814 Ave. O, Brooklyn, X. Y Battery C. 

Sheesley, Claude L....Pvt Ellston, Iowa Battery E. 

Sidway, K. L Cpl 72 Seaman Ave.. N. Y. C Battery B. 

Sieber, George Pvt 128 Norman Ave., Brooklyn, X. V.. . Battery E. 

Siebert, Frank W Pvt E. Aurora, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Sikorski, Bruno Pvt 141 23rd St., Brooklyn, X. Y Battery B. 

Silk, Edward Peter... Pvt E. Aurora, X. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Silliman, Jos., Jr Pvt Medical 

Silsby, Seymour D....Mech Olean. X. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Silver, George W Cook 10 William St., Stapleton, S. I., N. Y. Battery C. 

Silver, Sam G Pvt Battery E. 

Simas, Antonio J Cpl 366 W. 58th St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Simonson, Charles . . . Mech 1869 Pacific St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Simonson, William C. Pvt Coster St., Wcstbury, L. I.. N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Simpson, John W., 2d. Sgt East Craftsbury, Vt Battery C. 

Sireci, Gesualdo C Pvt 242 Emerson PI., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Skilon, John Pvt 609 Jefferson St., Minn.. Minn Battery F. 

Slavin, John P Pvt 65 Catherine St., X. Y. C Battery A. 

Smart, Harold R Sgt Ordnance 

Smellie, Robert W Pvt 87 Buckingham Rd., Yonkers, N. Y.. Supply Co. 

Smith, Claude A Pvt 1626 3rd Ave. S.. Ft. Dodge, Iowa. . . Battery F. 

Smith, Edward J Pvt Scranton Ave., Valley Stream, N. Y. Battery D. 

Smith, Frank H Pvt R. F. D. 4, Walnut, Kansas Battery C. 

Smith, Henry V Pvt 3026 Snelling Ave., Minneapolis, Min. Battery A. 

Smith, Herbert Cpl 53 Washington Sq., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Smith, John D Pvt 200 W. 132nd St., X. Y. C Battery E. 

Smith, Leroy Pvt 55 ■ Waverly St., Springfield, X. Y Battery B. 

Smith, Roland Pvt 2945 Grand Ave., Minneapolis, Minn. Battery F. 

Smith, Thos. A., Jr... 2d CI. Mu..Ridgely, Md Hdqrs. Co. 

Smith, William J Pvt 14840th St.. Corona. L. I., X. Y Battery C. 

Smollon, F. J Sgt .693 Halsey St., Brooklyn Battery C. 

29I 



Smyth, Dwight G Pvt 251 W. 73rd St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Snodgrass, Russell B..Pvt Avery, Iowa Battery E. 

Snow, Harry C Cook Franklinville, N. Y Supply Co. 

Snyder, Richard B....Pvt 395 Dayton Ave., St. Paul, Minn Battery A. 

Sofio, Edward G Cpl 550 Park Ave., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Sonn, Leonard Pvt 910 Riverside Drive, N. Y. C Battery B. 

Sonnemann, Jos. F....Pvt Blue Mound, Kansas Battery B. 

Soper, H. A Cpl Central Ave., Cedarhurst, L. I Battery A. 

Sovocool, Clifford C. . Pvt Addison, N. Y Battery C. 

Spang, Paul J Pvt 201 W. 17th St., N. Y. C Battery A 

Spenceley, Arthur G.. . Cpl 22 Boltis St., Mt. Kisco, N. Y Battery F. 

Sperling, Fred Pvt 319 E. 77th St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Stabile, Louis Pvt 2333 Arthur Ave., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Stades, Joseph Pvt Battery F. 

Staiger, Daniel Pvt 198 Charters Ave., Crafton, Pa Battery F. 

Stallone, Joseph Pvt 325 W. 23rd St., N. Y. C Battery E. . 

Stamness, Otto Pvt 747 45th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Supply Co. 

Stamoules, E. J Sgt 625 6th Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Stange, Oscar Cpl 13 Ridgewood PI., Brooklyn, N. Y... Hdqrs. Co. 

Stark, Fred Pvt 8 Crescent PI., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Stathis, Chris. J Pvt 522 W. 183rd St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Steffen, Frank G Pvt 20 Hawley St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery D. 

Stein, Herman Pvt 109 W. 118th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Stellwagen, George . . . Pvt 170 E. 90th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Stephan, George F....Pvt 78 Tymon St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery C. 

Sterett, John Wm Cpl 1456 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery B. 

Stevenson, Ed. R Pvt Angola, N. Y Medical 

Stenvenson, M. D Cpl Bomp, Minn Battery C. 

Stewart, David Pvt 1741 W. 10th St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .. Battery B. 

Stillinger, R. H Pvt R. F. D. 2, E. Aurora, N. Y Battery E. 

Stine, Harry E Sgt 30 Granite St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Stone, James Anson. .. Pvt Masonic Ave., Wallingford, Conn. .. Battery B. 

Stotz, John C Pvt 140 Third St., Turners Falls, Mass... Battery D. 

Stroh, William G Wag Attica, N. Y Supply Co. 

Strohecker, Harry ...Pvt 113 N. 61 st St., W. Philadelphia, Pa.. Battery F. 

Stuard, Clinton, L Cpl Blasdell, N. Y ' Battery D. 

Stucker, Fred L Pvt 304 Rogers Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Stueland, Joseph T. . . . Pvt Kanawha, Iowa Battery D. 

Sturza, Jack Pvt 1626 Pacific St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Sullivan, Daniel J. E..Cpl 479 52nd St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Sullivan, Edward A.. .Pvt 31 Chester St., Springfield, Mass Battery D. 

Sullivan, Henry F Cpl 631 1 5th Ave., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Sullivan, James C Wag 503 W. 174th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Sullivan, Wm. J Sgt Ordnance 

Svedahl, Ereing Pvt 3307 Cedar Ave., Minn., Minn Battery F. 

Swenson, Victor S....Pvt Clark's Grove, Minn Battery A. 

Swanson, Edwin C Pvt R. F. D. 2, Box 8, Oakland, Neb Battery E. 

Swanson, Paul A Pvt Orandon, Wis Battery C. 

292 



Swenson, Walter R.. . . Pvt R. F. D. 3, Stacy, Minn Battery F. 

Swiader, Wojcieh Pvt 179 Prospect Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y..Hdqrs. Co. 

Swofford, John N Pvt Gallatin, Mo Battery B. 



Talbot, John Cpl. 

Talcntino, Thomas ...Pvt. 
Taylor, Harvey Pvt. 

Taylor, Robert Wm.. .Pvt. 

Teague, Virgil L Pvt. 

Teasdale, Thomas R.. .Pvt 

Temple, Chris. R Pvt. 

Tennyson, Edward ...Pvt. 

Thacher, Horace Pvt. 

Thines, Nicholas Cpl. 

Thomas, Frank Pvt. 

Thomas, Lewis Cpl. 

Thomas, James P Pvt. 

Thompson, George . . . Pvt. 
Thompson, George ...Pvt. 
Thompson, Herman . . Pvt. 
Thompson, John G. ...Pvt. 
Thomson, James D....Pvt. 

Thorne, Einer Pvt. 

Thornton, Donald F...Pvt. 

Thorson, Martin Pvt. 

Thorwirth, Fred Wm. .Pvt. 

Tobin, Robert Sgt. 

Todd, William II Pvt. 

Tollefson, Herman P.. Pvt. 

Tonning, Iver Pvt. 

Torstveit, Arthur Pvt. 

Toussounian, J. A Pvt. 

Tracy, Chas. A H. 

Trapani, James Sad 

Trautman, Albert ....Pvt 

Travis, Wright H Pvt 

Trevino, Dale Pvt 



.2437 Valentine Ave., N. Y. C 

.304 E. 45th St., N. Y. C 

.R. F. D. No. 7, Box 9, Pattonsbtirg 

Mo 

.167 Irving Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y 

.R. F. D. No. 1, Phillipsburg, Mo.... 
.361 Peckham St., Fall River, Mass... 

.139 W. 08th St., N. Y. C 

.5 Lafayette Ave., Ossining, N. Y — 

.204 Ideal St., Buffalo, N. Y 

.735 Utah St., Toledo, N. Y 

.31 E. 39th St., N. Y. C 



.921 Gates Ave., Brooklyn, N. 
.457 W. 164th St., N. Y. C... 

. New London, Minn 

.Blasdell, New York 



Y.. 



271 Wesley Ave., Clinton, Iowa 

Holland. N. Y 

R. F. D. 60, Ccraca, 111 

East Aurora, Minn 

424 41st St., Brooklyn, N. Y 

Mendon, 111 

Hendricks. Minn 

2742 Johnson St., Minneapolis, Minn 

St. Helaire, Minn 



shoer . .309 W. 142nd St., N. Y. C 

219 Nassau Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y. ... 

...106 Humison Ave.. Buffalo, N. Y 

. . .Avoca, New York 

...P. O. Box 264, White Bear Lake 
Minn 



Trimble, Frank Pvt. 

Truesdell, Wm. J Pvt. 

Tucker, Albert F Pvt. 

Tulchinsky, David ....Pvt. 

Tuman, Fred'k Pvt. 

Tygret, Carl V Pvt. 



Ulrich, George L. 
Urbanski, Albert , 



.Pvt. 
.Pvt. 



639 54th St., Brooklyn, N. Y 

Downer, Minn 

554 Grand St., N. Y. C 

R. F. D. 4, Box 101, Dassel, Minn. 

R. F. D. 1, Batavia, Iowa 



Battery D. 

Battery F. 

Supply Co. 
Battery D. 
Battery B. 
Battery E. 
Medical 
Battery B. 
Battery D. 
Hdqrs. Co. 
Battery C. 
Battery F. 
Hdqrs. Co. 
Supply Co. 
Battery C. 
Battery E. 
Battery D. 
Battery F. 
Battery D. 
Hdqrs. Co. 
Battery F. 
Battery E. 
Battery A. 
Battery C. 
Battery C. 
Battery A. 
Battery E. 
Battery F. 
Battery A. 
Hdqrs. Co. 
Battery C. 
Hdqrs. Co. 

Battery F. 
Supply Co. 

Battery C. 

Battery C. 

Battery F. 

Battery A. 

Battery E. 



Clean Ave., Gardenville, N. Y Battery D. 

18 Glenn St.. Buffalo, N. Y Battery A. 

293 



Vaccaro, Anthony Cpl 401 E. 100th St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Van Auken, A. R Pvt Decatur City, Iowa Battery D. 

Van Beek, Gerrit Pvt Orange City, Iowa Battery E. 

Van Buren, Ned Pvt Summit, N. Y Battery D. 

Vanderheyde, Ed. A... Pvt 507 W. 184th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Vander Meulen, P. D..Pvt Thornton Ave., Gardenville, N. Y...Hdqrs. Co. 

Van Hoogenstyn, L.. .Sgt 36 N. 17th St., E. Orange, N. J Battery E. 

Van Pless, Wm. Fred. Sgt 170 Seneca St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery D. 

Van Wickler, P. B H. shoer ..319 Jeanette Ave., Linwood, L. I.... Battery E. 

Veasey, Joseph M Cpl 5" E. 88th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Velle, Otto P Cpl Grant & Thomas Ave., Baldwin, N. Y.Battery D. 

Vernon, Wm. Karl Sgt Port Washington Club, Port Wash- 
ington, N. Y Battery E. 

Vernum, Joseph Pvt 56 Eighth Ave., X. Y. C Supply Co. 

Vesta, Victor M Sgt 1S13 Crotona Ave., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Vigliante, Angelo Pvt 628 Lincoln Rd., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery A. 

Villeburn, Peter Pvt Bejan, Minn Battery E. 

Vincer, Arthur F Pvt Glenn Ave., Sea Cliff, L. I Battery D. 

Vogt, Fred'k. Herman. Pvt Hammondsport, N. Y Battery C. 

Vogt, Lloyd E Pvt Prospect Ave., E. Aurora, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Vollkomer, Louis Pvt Battery B. 

Von der Empten, G. A.Pvt Hammondsport, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Von Lampe, Wilhelm. Pvt 2 Marble Hill Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Vottazzi, Tony Pvt Battery D. 

Wager, Robert Pvt West Lebanon, N. Y Battery D. 

Wagner, Wm. M Bugler 956 Tiffany St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Walcher, Will Pvt Uhn, Ark Battery B. 

Walker, Amos J Pvt Sampsel, Mo Battery B. 

Walker, Herman W. . . Pvt 736 6th St., N. E., Wash., D. C Medical 

Walker, Leon Pvt 496 Williams Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Hdqrs. Co. 

Walker, Robert M....Pvt Medical 

Walker, Virgil A Cpl R. F. D. 2, Sperry, Iowa Battery F. 

Walker, Wm. E Pvt Henderson, Mason, W. Va Battery F. 

Wallace, J. M Rt. Su. St.. Bay Shore, L. I., N. Y Supply Co. 

Walrath, Ray C Pvt Hdqrs. Co. 

Walsh, Edward Jos.. .H. shoer . .165 Jefferson Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery D. 

Walsh, Robt. Jos Pvt 682 Water St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Walter, Alfred John. .Pvt 323 E. 89th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Walters, Richard Pvt 1039 Walden Ave., Buffalo, N. Y. . . . 

1 % Greiner Battery D. 

Wancura, Frank Ed.. .Cpl 66 W. 56th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Wank, Jesse J Pvt 29 E. 124th St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Ward, Herbert A Pvt Huntsville, Mo Battery B. 

Ward, Robt. Smith... Pvt 795 Elmwood Ave., Buffalo, N. Y.. . .Battery D. 

Warner, Waldo B Pvt 765 58th St., Brooklyn, N. Y .Battery A. 

Warns, Howard O....Pvt 126 High St., Painted Post, N. Y... .Medical 

Warren, Wm. R Pvt 102 W. 44th St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

294 



Waschke, Arthur G...Pvt Redwood Falls, Minn Battery F. 

Watson, John Pvt 923 Fulton St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Watts, James E. Cpl Battery F. 

Waver, Harry G Pvt Ordnance 

Webber, George W...Pvt Ironton, Minn Battery F. 

Weber, August W Pvt R. No. 5, Box 1 13, N. Mankato, Minn. Battery B. 

Weber, Fred'k. H....'.Wag W. Hartford, Conn Battery F. 

Weddle, Geo. P Pvt 311 W. 97th St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Wehrli, Walter Pvt 445 W. 48th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Weil, Mortimer Cpl 319 W. 94th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Weil, Theodore F Pvt 536 W. 163rd St., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Weingarten, Jack Pvt 286 Fifth Ave., N. Y. C Battery B. 

IVcinhauer, Geo. H Cpl 553 Hamburg Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery D. 

Weissberger, Morris.. Pvt 924 Prospect Ave., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Welch, Isaac L H. shoer ..Cold Springs, N. Y Battery C. 

Wellner, Henry M....Pvt Emma, Saline Co., Mo Battery B. 

Wendel, Otto G Sgt Main St., Gowanda, N. Y Battery C. 

Wendell, William ....Sgt 449 76th St., Brooklyn. N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

(Asst. Bd. Leader 

Wenzel, Andrew J Sgt 2374 Putnam Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Hdqrs. Co. 

Werner, Charles Cpl 1885 First Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Westby, Haakon Pvt Canby, Minn Battery C. 

Westman, Theo. C....Pvt Chaffee, Erie Co., N. Y Battery^ B. 

Westphalen, Frank J.. Pvt Battery" B. 

Wexler, Abraham Pvt 204 Bush St., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Weyrick, W Pvt Browerville, Minn Battery E. 

Wheeler, Leeds A Sgt 53 Ashford St., Allston, Mass Battery C. 

White, Sidney Pvt Battery C. 

White, Daniel A., Jr.. Pvt 236 E. 9th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

White, Wm. J Cook 51 Hillside Ave., Charlestown, Mass.Battery C. 

Whitehead, W. L Sgt 7 Winter St., Arlington, Mass Hdqrs. Co. 

Whiteis, John D Pvt 129 Pace St., Macon, Mo Battery B. 

Withey, George W....Pvt Battery F. 

Whitmore, Arthur J.. .Pvt Wiscay, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Whittaker, Coy Wag Franklinsville, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Whitten, Wm., Jr Sgt 275 W. 45th St., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Wicks, Elbert C Pvt Cedarhurst, L. I., N. Y Battery B. 

Widmann, Ernest A... Cpl 530 Broadway, Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Wiendieck, Geo. C.Pvt 235 E. 87th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Wienk, Vernon J Pvt Otto, N. Y Battery C. 

Wilcox, Claude Pvt Addison, New York Hdqrs. Co. 

Wilkinson, Alfred . . . Sgt 539 E. 78th St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Wilks, Louis Pvt 328 Beekman Ave., Bronx, N. Y Battery C. 

Will, Fred A Cpl 634 Humboldt Pkway, Buffalo, N. Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

Williams, Percy W....Pvt E. Hampton, Conn Battery A. 

Williams, Russell P...Cpl 541 74th St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

Willis, William R Pvt New Hartford, Mo Battery B. 

Wing, Fred'k. J Pvt 127 Miller Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery B. 

2 95 



Winner, Niks M Pvt North Collins, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Winther, Axel Pvt '. Battery F. 

Wire, Amos W Pvt Gravity, Iowa Battery B. 

Wohlford, Wm. Chas..Pvt 59 Pine Ridge Rd., Buffalo, N. Y.... Supply Co. 

Wolf son, David Pvt 1578 St. Marks Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.Battery A. 

Wollam, Glen Pvt Cantril, Iowa Battery B. 

Wollmar, Harry J Pvt 595 St. Anns Ave., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Woods, Harlan H Pvt Rushford, N. Y Battery D. 

Wood, Thomas H Pvt Battery E. 

Wood, Wm. James Pvt 146 Monroe St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Wright, Henry H, H. shoer ..Grove, Okla Battery B. 

Wright, Leonard S H. shoer ..Oyster Bay, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Wynne, Walter A Cpl 256 E. 68th St., N. Y. C Battery A. 

Yaknbenas, Mike Cook 74 Greenpoint Ave., L. I. C, N. Y... Battery F. 

Yarbough, H. E Pvt Battery B. 

Yeager, Edwin E Pvt Edwards, Benton Co., Mo Battery B. 

Yearnshaw, Chas. H...Pvt Madrid, la Battery B. 

Young, Adolph Pvt Clay Center, Kan Battery B. 

Young, Baldwin C....Sgt Huntington, L. I., N. Y Battery A. 

Yphantes, Anthony F..Cook 12 Macon St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Zabel, Fred P Pvt 145 4th St., Union Course, L. I., N. Y.Hdqrs. Co. 

Zbornik, Frank R Pvt R. F. D. 3, Ft. Atkinson, Iowa Battery A. 

Zeffers, Edward F.. ..Pvt West Valley, N. Y Battery C. 

Zeigengeist, A. O Pvt 27 South St., Plymouth, Mass Battery F. 

Zell, Albin H Pvt Beardsley, Minn Battery D. 

Zeller, H. J Sgt 1 125 Park PI., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Ziehl, Martin Pvt 404 23rd Ave. N., St. Cloud, Minn. . . Battery E. 

Zika, Frank Pvt. 510 E. 86th St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Zimmerman, A Cpl 154 Hopkins St., Brooklyn, N. Y Hdqrs. Co. 

Zimmerman, Walter ..Pvt 29 Hume Ave., Bedford, Mass Battery B. 

Zioltkowski, John S...Pvt R. R. 5, Box 36, Little Falls, Minn.. . Battery E. 

Zittel, Edward John.. Pvt R. F. D. No. 3, Hamburg, N. Y Battery D. 

Zoeller, William Pvt 1898 Stockholm St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery A. 

Zubko, John, Jr 3d CI. MU..2245 Hughes Ave., N. Y. C Hdqrs. Co. 

Zucco, Angelo Pvt White Boar, Iowa Battery E. 

Zwallich, Charles .... 1390 Prospect Ave., N. Y Battery E. 

THOSE WHO JOINED THE REGIMENT OVERSEAS 

Adams, Elisha L Pvt Springfield, Mo Battery B. 

Adelman, Casper I... Pvt R. R. 4, Starbuck, Minn Battery F. 

Alley, Sam W Pvt 424 McCallie Ave., Chattanooga, Tn.Battery B. 

Anderson, Jos. E Pvt Mulkey, Okla Battery B. 

Aspell, Gaylord C Pvt Mclntyre, Iowa Battery C. 

Ayotte, Alfred J. B...Pvt 205 Jefferson Ave., Salem, Mass Hdqrs. 

296 



Balke, Peter A Pvt Climax, Minn Battery A. 

Bare, Clarence J Pvt ,..25 Mystic Ave., Salem, Mass Battery A. 

Beard, Harry C Pvt 27 E. Main St., Middletown, Pa Supply Co. 

Billingsley, Ben Pvt Lehigh, Okla Battery E. 

Blades, Guy E Pvt Manassa, Colo Battery D. 

Bois, Louis P Pvt 423 Saratoga St., Boston, Mass Hdqrs. 

Boltin, John C Pvt 27 Windsor St., Orangeburg, S. C... Battery E. 

Boreen, John S Pvt Spicer, Minn Battery B. 

Bosler, Forrest H Pvt 54 Walton St., Atlanta, Ga Supply Co. 

Boyle, Joseph A Pvt 529 Grant St.. Hazelton, Pa Battery B. 

Brozowski, Chas Pvt 23 Middle St., Fitchburg, Mass Battery D. 

Brown, Geo. E Pvt 116 Ely St., Elizabeth, N. J Battery D. 

Brown, Martin Pvt Browtown, Pa. . . .' Supply Co. 

Buhecker, Rayd. W....Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, E. Palestine, Colum- 
bus Co., Ohio Battery E. 

Burger, Walter M Pvt Wilbur, Nebr Battery C. 

Burke, Michael Pvt Packer St., Avoca, Pa. . Battery B. 

Callaghan, John S H. shoer ..251 W. 17th St., N. Y. C Supply Co 

Campbell, Chas. C Pvt Keokuk, Iowa Battery B 

Campinini. Samuel ...Pvt Sykesville. Pa Battery A 

Canady, Wm. J Pvt Imboden. Va Battery B 

Carden, Joseph M Pvt 1902 Washburn St., Scranton, Pa.... Supply Co 

Carr, J. E Pvt LaPorte City, Iowa Battery B 

Cella, Dominick Pvt 138 MacDougall St., N. Y. C Battery F, 

Charton, Raymond ...Pvt Housel St., Canton, Ohio Supply Co. 

Clarke, Henry A Pvt Tuckerman St., Arctic. R. I Hdqrs. 

Clawson, Willard A...Mus Middlesex, N. Y Hdqrs. 

Cochran, Ira Mus R. F. D. No. 1, Cookville, Texas. .. .Battery F. 

Cole, James O Mus Dorset, Ohio Battery E. 

Coleman, Daniel Wag 2028 Wayne Ave., Scranton, Pa Supply Co. 

Coleman. Rudolph ....Pvt 395 Waddell St.. Letonia, Ohio Battery D. 

Colvard, Jos. W Pvt Lizella. Ga Battery A. 

Coren, Hymen Pvt East Port, Maine Battery D. 

Conoway, Ephraim ...Pvt Vaughnsville, Ohio Battery D. 

Conti, Alphonso Pvt Sterling Junction, Mass Battery B. 

Cooper, William F Pvt Fitzwilliam, N. H Battery D. 

Cotner, Geo. C Pvt 216 Fairmont Ave., Sunbury, Pa.. ..Supply Co. 

Courchene. Aristido ..Pvt 142 Sale St., Woonsocket, R. I Battery D. 

Cox, Fred G ,Pvt Powderville, Mont Hdqrs. 

Cullinane, John Pvt.- Roxbury, Mass Battery D. 

Culliton, Austin J Pvt Warren, Mass Battery D. 

Cunningham, Clifford.. Wag R. F. D., Hagertown, Md Supply Co. 

Curley, Thos. V Pvt 100 Pine St., Dedham, Mass Battery D. 

Dahl, Alfred K H. shoer ..Savange, Mont Battery E. 

Decker, Burton A Pvt Melmore, Ohio Battery E. 

DeFederico, Federicc.Pvt Worlesburg, Pa ..• Battery C. 

297 



DeLoach, Frank W. ; . . Pvt. ....... Grenoda, Minn. :; .; : Battery C. 

DePretto, Harry Pvt 124 23rd St., W. New York, N. J.. . .Battery C. 

Dick,- 'Albert C Pvt 720 McKinley Ave., N. W., Canton, 

Ohio : Battery D. 

Dilley, Arthur W Pvt Sykes, Pa :. Battery D. 

Dillon,: Edby E Pvt Scrugges, Va ?.•;::: Battery D. 

Dolphin, Edward W.. .Pvt 72 Leonard St., Milford, -Mass Battery D. 

Donohue, Thomas ....Pvt 5 Ashmont Pk., Dorchester, Mass.. . Battery B. 

Dougherty, J. J Pvt 1551 Fraser St., N. Philadelphia, Pa. Battery A. 

East, Geo. W Pvt 89 Bridge St., Springfield, Mass Battery F. 

Elden, John A Bugler 404 61 st St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Elicker, Harry L Wag 436 W. Princess St., York, Pa Supply Co.* 

Ellenberger, Samuel ... Pvt 1414 Gibbs Ave., N. E., Canton, O... Supply Co. 

Evans, W. D Pvt Edgerton, Minn Battery F. 

Fairfax, Cafir Pvt Hoadly, Prince William Co., Va Battery F. 

Finningar, Harry Wag R. F. D. 1, New Holland, Pa Supply Co. 

Ferlas, H. B Mus 461 Hatch St., St. Paul, Minn Hdqrs. 

Finch, Geo. A Pvt Box 720, Youngstown, Ohio Battery F. 

Fitzgerald, Robert ...Pvt 94 Apricot" St., Worcester, Mass Hdqrs. 

Fleig, Louis H. shoer ..121 Schley St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Foster, Elbert H Pvt Maud, Texas Battery E. 

Foust, Wm. L. ..Pvt 127 Arlington St., N. W., Canton, O. Battery D. 

Fry, Thomas H Pvt Atlas, Okla. Battery D. 

Franklin, Robert .....Pvt Adele, Miss Hdqrs. 

Galuzzo, James ^vt 173 Capital Ave., Meriden, Conn — Battery B. 

Golum, Barth O Wag Mills City, Pa Supply Co. 

Goss, Lee R Pvt Hickory Ridge, Ark. Battery A. 

Gould, Ashley M Pvt 445 Bedford Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y... Hdqrs. 

Green, Fred Pvt Butler, Vt Battery D. 

Greives, Ralph H Pvt R. F.D. No. 4, Fulton Ave., Spring- 
field, O Battery A. 

Gridley, Clinton E Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Green, Kansas Battery C. 

Griffith, Joseph A Pvt 2201 Eastern Ave., Cincinnati, O Battery A. 

Guadazno, Ralph Pvt 2037 First Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Hass, Chas. V Pvt Stony Creek Mill, Pa. .-.. Battery E. 

Haferd, Leo W Pvt Carey, Ohio ., Battery C. 

Harbuck, W. E Pvt Floralla, Covington, Ala Battery D. 

Hardy, Albert W Pvt Ellsworth St., Martinsville, Va Battery F. 

Haugem, Ole ..Pvt Ostrander, Minn Battery E. 

Hawkins, Andrew A... Pvt Raymond, Hines City, Miss. Battery D. 

Heaths, Arthur 

Hegerle, Jos. A Pvt 423 S. 10th St., Minneapolis, Minn.. .Battery D. 

Heisel, W. E Pvt 501 5th St., S., Virginin, Minn Battery F. 

Henry, Earl W Pvt 3008 S. 6th St., Canton, O Supply Co. 



Hines, Clifford E Pvt 221 Cherry St., Lebanon, Ohio Battery D. 

Hoffman, Joseph Pvt Sacramento, Calif Battery C. 

Hoffman, Lewis W....Pvt R. F. D. 1, Lehigh, Iowa Hdqrs. 

Hogan, Paul Pvt 704 S. 5th St.. Hamilton, Ohio Battery A. 

Homas, James E Cpl 419 W. 129th St., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Homes, Albert P Pvt Greentown, Ohio Battery D. 

Huerta, Adolph Pvt 314 S. Flores St., San Antonio, Tex. Hdqrs. 

John, Milo Pvt Versailles, N. Y Battery C. 

Jones, W., Jr Pvt 771 Forest Ave., N. Y. C Battery D. 

Josefson, John A Pvt Two Harbors, Minn Battery F. 

Karcher, Louis Pvt 3146 Heath Ave., N. Y. C Battery B. 

Kane, Anthony N Pvt 1916 Perryville Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa.Battery D. 

Keene, Marvin T Pvt Bonham, Texas Battery C. 

Keller, Otto A Cpl 230 N. Rudolph St., Indianapolis, 

Ind Hdqrs. 

Kennedy, Wm. J Pvt R. F. D. 2, Early, Iowa Battery A. 

Kidd, Warren H Pvt Columbus Grove, Putnam Co., O.... Battery D. 

Killian, Ed. J Pvt 204 Crawford Ave., Altoona, Pa Battery E. 

Koenig, Peter J Pvt 1020 Freeman Ave., Cincinnati, O... Battery F. 

Kremler, Alfred L Pvt 369 Sumpter St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery C. 

Krueger, Geo H. shoer ..R. F. D. No. 227, Von Ormy, Texas. Battery F. 

Lackey, Jos. H Pvt Ordway, Colo HdqrsT 

Lashaway, Lloyd Pvt R. No. 2, Box 157, Weston, Ohio. . .Battery F. 

Lauria, Tony Pvt 647 First Ave., New Haven, Conn.. .Hdqrs. 

Lawson, Western ....Pvt Liverpool, Ohio Battery E. 

Lazar, Samuel Pvt 18 Clark St., New Britain, Conn.. . .Battery A. 

Leidner, Emil F Pvt 2017 Himrod St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery E. 

Lind, J. J., Jr Pvt 253 Clinton St., N. Y. C Supply Co. 

Litwin, Martin Pvt 3 St. Anns Ave., Plains, Pa Battery F. 

Loftis, Jos. E Pvt Almond, Wis Hdqrs. 

Long, Patrick J Pvt 154 Clinton Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y... Battery A. 

Longuidici, Orazio ...Pvt 103 Hester St., N. Y. C Battery E. 

Lowenstein, Louis ....Pvt 342 Rodney St., Brooklyn, N. Y Ordnance 

Lyon, Harold F Pvt 215 Flower Av., E. Watertown, N. Y.Battery D. 

McGann, Sidney A. ...Pvt 312 Jackson Ave., L. I. C,, Battery C. 

McHugh, John J Pvt 496 Linwood St., Brooklyn, N. Y.. .Battery E. 

Majchszak, Jos Pvt 54 Wilkins St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery C. 

Makey, Frank E Mech Castleton, N. D Battery C. 

Mara, Michael Pvt 538 Central Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y — Battery D. 

Martinoz, Adelaide ...Pvt Vallecitos, N. M Supply Co. 

Martinez, Frank .'Pvt Holcomb, Kansas Battery A. 

Maziarke, John W....Pvt 2431 S. Karlov Ave., Chicago, 111 Battery C. 

Mebane, Jos Pvt DeKalb, Texas -.,,r-. Battery C. 

Merry, Ernest F Pvt 215 N. Grant St., Detroit, Mich Battery B. 

Mestas, Hiraclio Pvt Cabezon, N. M Battery B. 

299 



Metcalf , Clarence Pvt Porterville, Erie County, N. Y Battery B. 

Meyers, W. A Pvt Montrose, Colo Battery D. 

Migl, Willie J Pvt Flatonia, Fayette Co., Texas Battery D. 

Napert, Emile Pvt 6 First St., Berlin, N. H Battery E. 

Neschim, Clarence W. . Cpl Spring Valley,' Minn Hdqrs. 

Nestlen, Wm Pvt 491 1 7th Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery D. 

Norling, Emil Pvt St. Maries, Idaho Battery E. 

Olsen, Clarence Pvt St. Ansger, Iowa Battery C. 

Onsager, Gussie Pvt Waukon, Iowa Battery E. 

Otto, Raymond C Pvt 416 E. 8th St., Muscatine, Iowa Battery A. 

Palasch, Alex , Pvt 1585 St. Marks Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.Battery F. 

Pappas, Wm Pvt 265 Main St., Poughkeepsie, N. Y... Battery D. 

Parker, H. H Pvt Dixie, Okla Battery F. 

Parr, Garrett Pvt Stephenville, Texas Hdqrs. 

Parrett, John R Pvt Huntington, Mass Battery D. 

Paz, Evaristo Pvt 602 Dolorosa, San Antonio, Texas. .Hdqrs. 

Peace, Philip E Pvt Paolie, Pa Battery A. 

Peterson, John Pvt Leadora, Idaho Battery A. 

Petraglia, Johnson . . .Pvt 2248 First Ave., N. Y. C: Battery B. 

Phillips, John Pvt 327 Pacific Ave., Willmar, Minn Battery F. 

Pompa, Ramon Pvt Lincoln St., Phoenix, Ariz Battery F. 

Porter, Chas. M Pvt Iliad, Mont Hdqrs. 

Toveno, Jos Pvt R. R. Y. M. C. A., 2nd St., N. Y. C. . Battery F. 

Trincippi, Guiseppe ...Pvt 236 York Ave., New Brighton, S. I., 

N. Y Battery D. 

Trovensano, Luice ...Pvt 207 E. 105th St., N. Y. C Battery F. 

Ramsey, Benton Pvt Beaver Springs, Texas Battery C. 

Reid, Samuel A Pvt Onslow, Iowa Battery C. 

Reinhart, John Pvt 434 Himrod St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

^Reynolds, John H Pvt Cameron Mills, N. Y Battery C. 

Reynolds, Leslie C Springtown, Texas Battery D. 

Rice, Jos. A Pvt New Orleans, La Battery B. 

Richenau, Walter ....Pvt Fredericksburg, Texas Battery A. 

Roddenberry, A. L Pvt Graham, Ga Battery D. 

Robbenolt, J. A Pvt R. R. No. 2, Tracy, Minn Battery F. 

Roberts, Ezra Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Morrisville, N. Y. ... Battery A. 

Roth, F. J Pvt 265 Audubon Ave., N. Y. C Hdqrs. 

Russell, Mauritz Pvt Cokato, Minn Battery F. 

Salisbury, Orvie Pvt Nephi City, Utah Battery F. 

Sapamaro, Frank ....Pvt Meadowdale, Wash Battery E. 

Schmidt, August Pvt 101 Boyd Ave., Jersey City, N. J — Battery B. 

Schulman, Morris Pvt 482 Bushwick Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y.. Battery E. 

Schwalb, Emanuel Pvt 144 Nepperham Ave., Yonkers, N. Y.Battery E. 

300 



Schwartz, Henry Pvt 32 Minerva St., Tonawanda, N. Y. ..Battery D. 

Sciutteri, Guiseppe ...Pvt Melville, N. J Battery F. 

See, Frank W Pvt 55 Division Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery E. 

Shapiro, Louis Pvt 1958 Bergen St., Brooklyn, N. Y.... Battery A. 

Sherman, Robt Pvt 24 Bradley St., New Britain, Conn.. .Hdqrs. 

Shoffner, Roy B Pvt 257 Montford Ave., Ashville, N. C. Battery B. 

Smisek, Jos Pvt 5901 Woodland Ave., Cleveland, O.. Battery E. 

Smith, Spencer H 53 Washington Square, N. Y. C Battery F. 

Stopher, Everett Pvt Armour, So. Dak Battery E. 

Stasulis, Leo Pvt 381 W. 4th St., S. Boston, Mass Battery F. 

Stutzman, Blair Pvt 267 Front St., Binghamton, N. Y... Battery F. 

Symmes, Paul Pvt Graniteville Rd., Westford, Mass Battery F. 

Tansey, George Pvt Richmondville, N. Y Battery D. 

Temming, William A. .Pvt Concordia, Mo Battery B. 

Trepkovitz, Vedoc Pvt P. O. Box 222, Springdale, Pa Battery A. 

Tsamopoulas, Con. ...Pvt 282 St. Nicholas Ave., N. Y. C Battery C. 

Turner, Chas. S Pvt Chula, Ga Hdqrs. 

Vacca, Cornino Pvt Taconite, Iowa Battery B. 

Van Corbach, Wm. B. . Pvt Iveton, Iowa Battery E. 

Von Pless, Wm. S....Sgt 170 Seneca St., Buffalo, N. Y Battery D. 

Warner. Espie Sgt Owingsville, Ky Battery B. 

Weiss, Edward J Pvt 304 Berwick, Easton, Pa Hdqrs. 

Weller, Foster J Pvt 722 Dewald St., Canton, Ohio Battery E. 

Wilkenson, O. E H. shoer . .Owasso, Okla Battery B. 

Williams, William ....Pvt Shady Springs, Raleigh Co., W. Va. .Battery B. 

Willis, Geo Pvt R. F. D. No. 2, Hickox, Ga Battery C. 

Wilson, John J .Pvt Farnhamsville, Iowa Battery E. 

Wisnisky, Stanley ....Pvt Mollenauer, Alleghany, Pa Battery E. 

Witbey, Geo. W ..Pvt Ossian, N. Y Battery F. 

Wolf, Albert Pvt R. F. D. No. 3, Windon, Minn Battery A. 

Worman, Oliver Pvt R. F. D. No. 1, Dunbar, Pa Battery A. 

Yates, Wm. T Pvt 107 E. Mahony Ave., Mahony City, 

Pa Battery E. 

Yoblonsky, Morris ...Pvt 1781 Sterling PL, Brooklyn, N. Y.. . .Battery F. 

Zerbenobsky, Benny ..Pvt 201 Siegel St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Zettler, Harris Pvt Rancon, Ga Hdqrs. 

Ziegler, John J Pvt 99 Himrod St., Brooklyn, N. Y Battery F. 

Zill, Zirkarno Pvt 181 Graham Ave., Brooklyn, N. Y... Battery A. 

Zimmerman, Wm. E...Pvt 29 Hume Ave., Medford, Mass Battery A. 

Zipperer, Jos Pvt R. F. D. No. I, Box 34, Marlow, Ga. .Battery F. 



301 



REGIMENTAL SONGS 
CAMP UPTON 

(Written in the early days, when the soldiers spent most of their time 
digging stumps to clear the ground for drill) 

Camp Upton, you've got to hand it to us, 
We're there, you bet your boots ! 
We have a band that toots ! 
We have a gun that shoots 
Some shoots, boys ! 

We're going to have a drill-field maybe, 
Nobody knows the day ; 
But we're the fiercest little bunch of brutes 
That ever went into the woods and pulled the roots. 
Camp Upton, you've got to hand it to us, 
3-0-4 F. A ! 

— Attributed to Capt. J. A. Doyle. 



THE PROPHYLACTIC NEEDLE ' 

(Tune, In My Harem) 

(Written when the recruits were being inoculated for typhoid and 
paratyphoid) 

Oh, the Needle, the Needle, the prophylactic Needle! 

And your arm don't have a minute 

The Needle isn't in it. 
Para-typhoid, Oi oi, typhoid ! 
Captain, I'm so seek ! 
All they do is punch me full 
Of holes all through the week. 
302 



Oh, the Needle, the Needle, the prophylactic Needle ! 
Oh, I ought to be in bed, 
But I have to work instead, the Captain 
Tells me it's good for me ! 

— Attributed to Capt. J. A. Doyle. 



THE DEAD HORSE BRIGADE 

(Written on the Vesle front when the Band was busy burying dead 
horses. See page 120.) 

(Tune, Chopin's Funeral March) 

We are the men of the Dead Horse Brigade, 
We are the men of the Dead Horse Brigade, 

Glory Hallelujah ! Glory Hallelujah ! 
We are the men of the Dead Horse Brigade. 

Solo: 

For we dig one horse's grave each day, 

And we never get a cent more pay. 

Let us hurry, let us not delay, 

For we have to dig another in the morning. 

We are the men, etc. (Repeat chorus.) 

— Musician Oscar Stange: 



MATERIEL 

(Tune, When I Get You Alone To-night) 

(Written when, on paper, tractor-drawn 4.7's had replaced the horse- 
drawn 3 inch guns) 

When we get our materiel, 

Then the horses can go to hell. 

When we slip into high, how the old dust will fly — 

Chug chug chug chug, watch us go by! 

303 



When we slip them our first big shell, 
How those Germans will run and yell — 
They will wish they were in heaven 
When they hear our four point seven, 
When we get our materiel. 

Caterpillars will pull us through, 

There is nothing they cannot do. ■ 

With a great many clanks we'll shoot by the tanks, 

Chug chug chug chug, just watch the Yanks ! 

We will shoot up the bloody Hun 

As it's never before been done — 

All the Boche will hit the timber 

When they see us first unlimber 

With our brand new materiel. 

— Written and sung by the Anti-Glee Club. 



WE'RE THE 304 F. A. 

(Tune, The British Grenadier) 

Some talk of the Regular Army 
And some of the National Guard, 
But we're the National Army, 
And the best bet on the card. 
And of all the snappy outfits 
In the A. E. F. to-day, 

There's the Trois Cent Quatre with the soixante quinze, 
There's the 304 F. A. 

We're the Trois Cent Quatre with the soixante quinze, 

We're the 304 F. A. 
We'll go from here to Berlin, 
And we'll never ask the way. 
We're the Trois Cent Quatre with the soixante quinze, 

We're the 304 F. A. 

— Attributed to Lieut. C. B. Welling 

304 



THE MESS-KIT RAG 
(Original tune) 

"Come and get it, come and get it," 
That's the time when we all shine. 

"Come and get it, come and get it," 
Then we all jump into line; 
Then the cook with a look 

Like a tin-horn sport, 
Says, "No more seconds, 

We're running short." 
Then you turn around and yell, 
"Take your meal and go to hell !" 

NO SECONDS! 
That's the Mess-Kit Rag. 

— Musician Oscar Stange. 



THE VESLE AND THE ARGONNE 

(Tune, Lord Geoffrey Amherst) 

The 304th Artillery that hails from old New York 

Is a regiment that everybody knows ; 

For we started down at Upton in September 'seventeen, 

And we lived through the Yaphank snows — 

Yes, we lived through the Yaphank snows. 

Then off across the ocean we were shipped with all our men, 

And they were soldiers loyal and true, 

And we shot up all the Huns that ever came within our sight, 

And we looked around for more when we were through. 

CHORUS : 

Oh, the Vesle and the Argonne, 

They were names known to fame in days of yore, 

Now forever made glorious 

By the fighting of the 3-0-4. 

305 



And now the war is over, for the Dutchmen had enough, 

Yes, too much, if the truth be told, 

Of our screaming high explosive and our shrapnel's deadly rain, 

And the world knows they're laid out cold — 

All the world knows they're laid out cold. 

And for our gallant regiment, among the first to fight, 

There is a big time coming some day, 

When the ocean ferries get around to carrying us home, 

And we sail past our Statue up the Bay. 

— First verse and chorus by Chaplain J. M.Howard. 
— Second verse by Lieut. H. Lillibridge. 



REGIMENTAL HISTORY 

Oh, first we went to Baccarat to learn to fight the Huns, 
And all we did was eat and sleep, we never worked the guns. 
The Germans never fought by night, they never fought by day— 
A quiet place to learn to fight was up in Reherrey. 

Chorus : 

Home, boys, Home, it's home we ought to be, 
Home, boys, home, in the Land of Liberty, 
The Ash and the Oak and the Sour Apple Tree 
They all grow together up in North Amerikee. 

Oh, then we went to Farm des Dames across from old Bazoches, 
And took up a position for to harass Henry Boche, 
But Henry shelled us night and day and gassed us in between — 
As hot a spot was Farm des Dames as any I have seen. 

Then we went across the Vesle and up to Vauxcere. 
The doughboys tried to catch the Hun but he was on the way ; 
And when we settled in the town he ranged us to a dot, 
And every time he wanted to he dropped one on the spot. 

Then the Wops relieved us and we went out South by West, 
We hiked from Fismes to Menehould with never any rest; 
We took up a position on a hill above Chalade, 
With all the big and little guns the U. S. Army had. 

3C6 



Then we fought the Argonne from Hazree to Grandpre, 

And took in Abri Crochet and La Viergette on the way. 

We showed the Hun some fighting and some brand new Yankee tricks, 

Then we handed Heinie's number to an outfit from Camp Dix. 

Then we all were granted leave and hit the trail for Nice, 
But first we spent a week in Paris dodging the Police. 
Then Pershing planned another push and called us to the line, 
Because he knew without us he could never cross the Rhine. 

We started with the usual push but soon were in a race — 
The nags the Frogs had given us could never stand the pace; 
So we parked the First Battalion in the city of Verpel, 
And sent the dizzy Second on to give the Dutchmen Hell. 

The Second started hell-for-leather riding over France ; 
They tried to catch the infantry but never had a chance. 
McDougal got the section up and got it damn well hit. 
And then the Boche decided it was time for them to quit. 

We get a lot of rumors and we hear a lot of dope, 
The Sergeant tells the Corporal when he has cause to hope. 
And still we practice fighting and liaison in the mud, 
And every rumor that we get turns out to be a dud. 

And now the war is over and we'll soon be safe at home, 
All sitting in Bustanoby's and blowing off the foam. 
The Germans fought a dirty war and raised a lot of Hell, 
But when they got the Yankee's goat then they were S. O. L. 

—Lieut. C. B. Welling. 



SOME DAY, BROADWAY 
(Tune original) 

Some day, Broadway, 
When all of my troubles are through, 

Fm coming back, gun baggage and pack, 
To find repose in you. 

307 



Your lights so bright 

A haven of rest they will be. 

Though far 'cross the foam, 

I'm coming home, 

Some day, Broadway. 

— Corporal Hagan, Battery F, in Oh, Oh, Mademoiselle. 



CHLORINATION 

(Written in billeting area when all water had to be chlorinated) 
(Tune, Old Camp Meetin') 

Did you ever see a captain chlorinate his water? 

Oh, my my, hellelujah! 
When the doctor's around he does it as he oughter, 
Oh my my, hellelujah! 
For the typhoid germ is hangin' round, 
Szzz — szzz-szzz, whoo whoo ! 
In Aubepierre it can't be found 
In good old 304. 
Chlo-rin-ation ! 
Lister ! Number One, Number Two, Number Three, 

Para-typhoid ! 
Para para para para para-typhoid ! 
Bye and bye. 

— Officers' Ouartet. 



I WANT TO GO HOME 
(Written for the Officers' Mess in Aubepierre) 

I want to go home, I want to go home! 
The children and chickens get under your feet, 
The cows they go roaming all over the street, 
The mud is almost to your knees, 
And the only bright spot is Louise. 
I'm too young to drown in this hell of a town, 
I want to go home ! 

— Capt. Huntington Lyman. 
308 



BATTERY A 

Hello, hello, Battery A! 
We're going back to New York town, 
We came over here to fight with France, 
And clean out the Argonne with our soixante quinze. 
But now we're on the sailing list, 
So line up your section for that last DISMISSED ! 
Good-by, France, we're on our way, 
Hello, hello, Battery A! 

— From the show, Here and There. 



BATTERY B 

Just see those Battery B boys, 

Left right, left right, 
Just watch them snap into it, 

One two three four — 
They fought right through the Vesle, 
At no place did they fail, 
And through the Argonne Wood 

They stood 
And fought like heroes. 
They made the Kaiser goose step, 

Eins Zwie Drei Vier, 
And at the Meuse we gave them hell. 
When we get home some day, 
You'll hear the people say 
The boys of Battery B are on parade. 

— From B Battery's Minstrels. 



309 



BATTERY C 
(Tune, So This Is Paris) 

Battery C boys, Battery C boys — 
We never had a chance to see Paree. 
It was hike, hike, hike and fire a while, 
Then make up your packs and hike another mile. 

Battery C boys, Battery C boys — 
We'll soon be going home across the sea. 
Although we never had a chance to see Paree, 
To have some fun and get a run in by some M. P., 
President Wilson heard our guns, 1 
That's good enough for me! 

Battery C boys, Battery C boys — 
Oh, the Hoboken pier is where we want to be. 

— Cpl. C. Beveridge. 
1 See page 223. 



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